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排序方式: 共有377条查询结果,搜索用时 31 毫秒
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Piyasak Chaumpluk Kagan Kerman Eiichi Tamiya 《Science and Technology of Advanced Materials》2007,8(4):323-330
Combinations of PCR-based amplification platform using 5′ thiolated and biotinylated specific primers, S1 nuclease-PCR products treatment, ferrocene-streptavidin (Fc-Stv)-magnetic binding for DNA accumulation, and screen printed gold electrode for the DNA allocation, were applied to Hoechst 33258-induced DNA aggregation and signals induction system for direct signals detection and DNA quantification in food samples. Thiolated and biotinylated at each 5′ terminus enabled DNA purification through S1 nuclease treatment for primers and non-specific DNA elimination and enabled DNA trapping with a ferrocene-streptavidin-magnetic system. This facilitated the accumulation of target DNAs at higher concentration, resulting in enhanced signals. After allocation of DNA on the surface of gold electrode via thiol binding, intensity of DNA signals through these treatments could be measured directly after being induced by Hoechst 33258. Wider amplitude changes in anodic current peaks between negative and positive samples (increasing from 3.70 to 10.10 μA) compared with those applied with no treatment combinations (decreasing from 3.92 to 1.23 μA) were observed. This enhancement of the signals allowed a greater efficiency of DNA quantification. When this combination was used for GMOs content estimation in reference samples, results revealed an improved accuracy from 66% to 96%. The combined biosensor system, although more costly than the standard Hoechst 33258/carbon electrode system, provided an alternative choice for DNA quantification, offering labor-free immobilization of probe onto electrode surface, easy test administration, and efficient semi-quantitative test without expensive instruments. 相似文献
4.
A localized surface plasmon resonance based immunosensor for the detection of casein in milk 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
Ha Minh Hiep Kagan Kerman Do-Kyun Kim Yuzuru Takamura 《Science and Technology of Advanced Materials》2007,8(4):331-338
In this research, a localized surface plasmon resonance (LSPR) immunosensor based on gold-capped nanoparticle substrate for detecting casein, one of the most potent allergens in milk, was developed. The fabrication of the gold-capped nanoparticle substrate involved a surface-modified silica nanoparticle layer (core) on the slide glass substrate between bottom and top gold layers (shell). The absorbance peak of the gold-capped nanoparticle substrate was observed at ∼520 nm. In addition, the atomic force microscopy (AFM) images demonstrated that the nanoparticles formed a monolayer on the slide glass. After immobilizing anti-casein antibody on the surface, our device, casein immunosensor, could be applied easily for the detection of casein in the raw milk sample without a difficult pretreatment. Under the optimum conditions, the detection limit of the casein immunosensor was determined as 10 ng/mL. Our device brings several advantages to the existing LSPR-based biosensors with its easy fabrication, simple handling, low-cost, and high sensitivity. 相似文献
5.
N. N. Arev S. N. Kagan E. V. Mikhailov G. V. Pugachev G. T. Cherenkov 《Measurement Techniques》1993,36(7):767-769
In this paper methods are considered for checking frequency and time standards used at control points. The most effective of the checking methods proposed is based on the use of spaceborne time-scale signals transmitted by space vehicles. The checking devices, the main computing relationships, and the test results are described.Translated from Izmeritel'naya Tekhnika, No. 7, pp. 31–32, July, 1993. 相似文献
6.
Intelligent air traffic flow management is one of the fundamental challenges facing the Federal Aviation Administration (FAA)
today. FAA estimates put weather, routing decisions and airport condition induced delays at 1,682,700 h in 2007 (FAA OPSNET
Data, US Department of Transportation website, ), resulting in a staggering economic loss of over $41 billion (Joint Economic Commission Majority Staff, Your flight has
been delayed again, 2008). New solutions to the flow management are needed to accommodate the threefold increase in air traffic
anticipated over the next two decades. Indeed, this is a complex problem where the interactions of changing conditions (e.g.,
weather), conflicting priorities (e.g., different airlines), limited resources (e.g., air traffic controllers) and heavy volume
(e.g., over 40,000 flights over the US airspace) demand an adaptive and robust solution. In this paper we explore a multiagent
algorithm where agents use reinforcement learning (RL) to reduce congestion through local actions. Each agent is associated
with a fix (a specific location in 2D space) and has one of three actions: setting separation between airplanes, ordering
ground delays or performing reroutes. We simulate air traffic using FACET which is an air traffic flow simulator developed
at NASA and used extensively by the FAA and industry. Our FACET simulations on both artificial and real historical data from
the Chicago and New York airspaces show that agents receiving personalized rewards reduce congestion by up to 80% over agents
receiving a global reward and by up to 90% over a current industry approach (Monte Carlo estimation). 相似文献
7.
Brett J. Kagan Charlotte M. Ermine Stefano Frausin Clare L. Parish Jess Nithianantharajah Lachlan H. Thompson 《International journal of molecular sciences》2021,22(9)
Neonatal arterial ischemic stroke is one of the more severe birth complications. The injury can result in extensive neurological damage and is robustly associated with later diagnoses of cerebral palsy (CP). An important part of efforts to develop new therapies include the on-going refinement and understanding of animal models that capture relevant clinical features of neonatal brain injury leading to CP. The potent vasoconstrictor peptide, Endothelin-1 (ET-1), has previously been utilised in animal models to reduce local blood flow to levels that mimic ischemic stroke. Our previous work in this area has shown that it is an effective and technically simple approach for modelling ischemic injury at very early neonatal ages, resulting in stable deficits in motor function. Here, we aimed to extend this model to also examine the impact on cognitive function. We show that focal delivery of ET-1 to the cortex of Sprague Dawley rats on postnatal day 0 (P0) resulted in impaired learning in a touchscreen-based test of visual discrimination and correlated with important clinical features of CP including damage to large white matter structures. 相似文献
8.
V. E. Sokolov E. S. Albone P. F. Flood P. F. Heap M. Z. Kagan V. S. Vasilieva V. V. Roznov E. P. Zinkevich 《Journal of chemical ecology》1980,6(4):805-825
The sulfur-rich anal sac secretion of the mink,Mustela vison, consisted of immiscible lipid (1.7% sulfur) and aqueous (0.7% sulfur) phases. Light and electron microscopy revealed secretory tissue of two types, sebaceous (holocrine) and apocrine. A major input of sulfur into the sac appeared to be associated with glycoprotein granules present in the apical portions of the apocrine cells as X-ray energy probe microanalysis showed these to contain relatively high levels of sulfur. The lipid of the secretion, presumed to be largely of sebaceous origin, consisted mainly of wax monoesters, while the aqueous phase contained volatile fatty acids, ammonia, and amines, including putrescine (1,4-diaminobutane). The identity of the major headspace volatiles was confirmed by NMR, MS, and Raney nickel desulfuration as being 2,2-dimethylthiacyclobutane and 3,3-dimethyl-1, 2-dithiacyclopentane. These compounds were not detected by GC-MS in the headspace volatiles of the anal sac secretions of eight other mustelid species examined. Other sulfur compounds detected included isomeric dimethylthiacyclobutanes, a number of disulfides and 3-methyl-but-3-enyl methyl sulfide (isopentenyl methyl sulfide). The significance of these findings is discussed. 相似文献
9.
Vladimir A. Tyurin Gianfranca Carta Yulia Y. Tyurina Sebastiano Banni Billy W. Day Francesco P. Corongiu Valerian E. Kagan 《Lipids》1997,32(2):131-142
Recent studies provide extensive evidence for the importance of carotenoids in protecting against oxidative stress associated
with a number of diseases. In particular, reactions of carotenoids with phenoxyl radicals generated by peroxidasecatalyzed
one-electron metabolism of phenolic compounds may represent an important antioxidant function of carotenoids. To further our
understanding of the antioxidant mechanisms of carotenoids, we used in the present work two different phenolic compounds,
phenol and a polar homologue of vitamin E (2,2,5,7,8-pentamethyl-6-hydroxychromane, PMC), as representatives of two different
types of phenols to study reactions of their respective phenoxyl radicals with carotenoids in cells and in model systems.
We found that phenoxyl radicals of PMC did not oxidize β-carotene in either HL-60 cells or in model systems with horseradish
peroxidase (HRP)/H2O2. In contrast, the phenoxyl radicals generated from phenol (by native myeloperoxidase in HL-60 cells or HRP/H2O2 in model systems) effectively oxidized β-carotene and other carotenoids (canthaxanthin, lutein, lycopene). One-electron reduction
of the phenoxyl radical by ascorbate (assayed by electron spin resonance-detectable formation of semidehydroascorbyl radicals)
prevented HRP/H2O2-induced oxidation of β-carotene. PMC, but not phenol, protected β-carotene against oxidation induced by a lipid-soluble azo-initiator
of peroxyl radicals. No adducts of peroxidase/phenol/H2O2-induced β-carotene oxidation intermediates with phenol were detected by high-performance liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry
analysis of the reaction mixture. Since carotenoids are essential constituents of the antioxidant defenses in cells and biological
fluids, their depletion through the reaction with phenoxyl radicals formed from endogenous, nutritional and environmental
phenolics, as well as phenolic drugs, may be an important factor in the development of oxidative stress. 相似文献
10.
M. Z. Kagan V. M. Belonozhko 《Power Technology and Engineering (formerly Hydrotechnical Construction)》1991,25(11):698-700
Conclusion A comparison was made of the water absorption of two fiber-reinforced concrete blocks with different geometric parameters of the fibers. It was found that in the case of using thin fibers d=0.5 mm (block No. 2), the water absorption by weight was less and it was distributed more uniformly over the entire length than in the case of using fibers with d=1.5 mm (block No. 1). A dependence of the coefficient of variation on Ww was established (a decrease of Ww causes a decrease of Cv and vice versa). This was displayed especially clearly in block No. 1 (thick fibers) and less so in block No. 2. Furthermore, it was found that the addition of thin fibers directly into the concrete mixer (into the mixed concrete) leads to their clumping and ultimately to the occurrence of hedgehogs in the concrete and to worsening of Ww. Clumping of fibers occurs little, if at all, when thick fibers are added to the concrete mixer. Precisely the addition of fibers to the concrete mix is one of the most complex problems in the given area of construction.Translated from Gidrotekhnicheskoe Stroitel'stvo, No. 11, pp. 23–24, November, 1991. 相似文献