Interactive computations in algorithmic algebras

A conception of interactive computations is developed on the basis of the algebraic-logical approach.Translated from Kibernetika, No. 1, pp. 13–20, January–February, 1990.     

I2-doped and pyrrole ring-iodinated semi-conducting oligomers of N-vinyl-3-alkyl-2-phenylpyrroles

I₂-doped and pyrrole ring-iodinated semi-conducting oligomers of N-vinyl-3-alkyl-2-phenylpyrroles have been synthesized by free-radical polymerization of the above monomers (AIBN, 2–5 wt%, 60–80 °C) and further exposure of the oligomers obtained to I₂ vapor. The parent oligomers exhibit paramagnetic and fluorescent properties and stable up to 300–370 °C.     

Cationic and radical polymerization of N-vinyl-2-phenylpyrrole: Synthesis of electroconducting,paramagnetic and fluorescent oligomers

Cationic polymerization of N-vinyl-2-phenylpyrrole (catalysts: Me₃SiCl, CF₃COOH, BF₃·OEt₂, HCl, WCl₆, FeCl₃, complex LiBF₄–dimethoxyethane, catalysts concentration 1–2 wt%, 20–70 °C, 24–48 h) affords oligomers (molecular weight 1400–1700) of a unexpected structure with alternating 2-phenylpyrrole and ethylydene units, the yields reaching 63%. The oligomers structure has been supported by isolation and identification of the corresponding dimer, N-vinyl-2-phenyl-5-[N-(2-phenyl-1H-pyrrol-1-yl)ethyl]-1H-pyrrole. Radical polymerization of the same monomer (AIBN, 1.5–4 wt%, 60–80 °C, 40–60 h or UV irradiation or both) gives oligomers (molecular weight 2100–3000) of normal structure having polyethene backbone with pendant 2-phenylpyrrole groups in up to 40% yields. The oligomers of both types are semiconductors (1.3 × 10^?6–3.6 × 10^?6 S/cm) after doping with I₂, paramagnetic (4.2 × 10¹⁷–8.7 × 10¹⁷ g^?1) and fluorescent in a near UV region (λ 355–363 nm, acetonitrile).     

Detection of disconnection faults and double-phase short circuits in the wires of overhead transmission lines by the location method

The specific features of the detection of disconnection faults and double-phase short circuits in the wires of overhead transmission lines (OTLs), which have a tree topology with a voltage of 6–35 kV and a linear structure with a voltage of 110 kV and higher, have been studied. The techniques for interpreting reflectograms at failures in the wires of OTLs have been shown. Studies have been carried out under laboratory conditions using OTL models and under real conditions using operating OTLs.     

Three tRNA binding sites in rabbit liver ribosomes and role of the intrinsic ATPase in 80S ribosomes from higher eukaryotes

Three tRNA binding sites have been found in organisms of all domains (former kingdoms) with only one exception: Four binding sites have been reported for cytoplasmic 80S ribosomes from rabbit liver. Therefore, the issue was reconsidered, and the data revealed that rabbit liver ribosomes contain three tRNA binding sites, underlining the universal character of this ribosomal feature. Furthermore, a first analysis of the role of the ribosome intrinsic ATPase was performed. This ATPase is found in ribosomes of higher eukarya but not in lower eukarya such as yeast or ribosomes of the domains archea and bacteria. The results suggest that the intrinsic ATPase fulfills the same function as the essential third elongation factor EF-3, an ATPase in higher fungi (yeast etc.), that facilitates the release of the deacylated tRNA from the E site.     

Location method for the detection of the appearance of glaze ice on the wires of power transmission lines

A remote pulse method for determining glaze ice on the wires of power transmission lines is discussed. The accuracy of the proposed method is higher than that of the known methods owing to the added circuit for measuring the temperature of the segment of the wire of a power transmission line. Two versions of a device that implements the considered concept are proposed.     

Ways to detect single-line-to-ground faults in electricity transmission lines using the location method

The peculiarities of detection using the location method of single-line-to-ground faults in the electricity transmission lines (ETLs) with 6–35 kV of tree topology and linear structures of 110 kV and higher have been studied. Ways of recognizing reflectograms if there is a fault in the ETL are presented. The investigations were carried out in laboratory settings using ETL models and under real conditions on working ETLs.     

Sounding of air power transmission lines by the location method

Peculiarities of the location method to sound power transmission lines (PTL) of 6–35 kV in voltage with tree topologies and PTLs with voltages of 110 kV or higher with linear topologies are considered. Methods of recognizing a reflectogram are shown for cases of a short circuit, single-phase-to-ground short circuit, and wire breakage in PTLs. Possibilities of using the location method for PTL sounding are discussed.     

Thermoelectric textile devices with thin films of nanocellulose and copper iodide

Owing to the rapid development of wearable electronics and smart textiles, demands for flexible and wearable thermoelectric (TE) devices, which can generate electricity in a ubiquitous, unintermittent and noiseless way for on-body applications are growing rapidly. Due to the inherent flexibility and wearability features, textile-based thermoelectric generators (TEGs) possess significant potential for biomedical and consumer health and safety applications. In this study, using commercial cotton fabric, we created efficient thermoelectric (TE) textile that, unlike analogs, is based on thin-film composite of biocompatible semiconductor copper iodide (CuI) and biodegradable polymer nanocellulose (NC_p) obtained by processing a widespread plant common reed. The CuI films with average thickness 10 µm were deposited via low-temperature aqueous cheap, facile, and scalable fabrication technique Successive Ionic Layer Adsorption and Reaction (SILAR). The NC_p sublayer made it possible to fabricate thin-film ohmic contacts through vacuum deposition of chromium on the nanostructured CuI film in the TE textile. The topping of CuI film with NC_p layer improved durability and wear resistance of the wearable thermoelectric module fabricated with this TE textile. The developed TE module has shown output power density 44 µW/cm² at temperature gradient 50 K that is among the best currently known results for solid miniature flexible and fabric-based TEGs.

     

Hydrogen adsorption on graphene,hexagonal boron nitride,and graphene-like boron nitride-carbon heterostructures: A comparative theoretical study

The results of DFT and ab initio calculations of the hydrogen physisorption on graphene, hexagonal boron nitride (h-BN), and a graphene-like boron nitride-carbon heterostructure (GBNCH) are discussed. PBE-D3, B3LYP-D3 as well as MP2 methods were employed in calculating the adsorption energies (Ea) of a hydrogen molecule to the appropriate structure and the optimal distances between them. Six adsorption sites were examined, and it is demonstrated that the ‘hollow’ sites are favorable for hydrogen adsorption. It was established that GBNCH exhibits increased Ea values in comparison with graphene and h-BN. Hydrogen adsorption isotherms at different temperatures were obtained using grand canonical Monte-Carlo simulations, and it was shown that GBNCH reveals advanced adsorption properties in comparison with its counterparts. The usage of GBNCHs for hydrogen storage is also discussed.