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1.
Sumana Srinivasan Subhasri Dattagupta Purushottam Kulkarni Krithi Ramamritham 《Pervasive and Mobile Computing》2012,8(3):358-375
Boundary estimation and tracking have important applications in the areas of environmental monitoring and disaster management. A boundary separates two regions of interest in a phenomenon. It can be visualized as an edge if there is a sharp change in the field value between the two regions or alternatively, as a contour with a field value separating two regions with field values and . Examples include contours/boundaries of hazardous concentration in a pollutant spill, frontal boundary of a forest fire, isotherms, isohalines etc. Recent advances in the area of embedded sensor devices and robotics have led to deployments of networks of sensors capable of sensing, computing, communication and mobility. They are used to estimate the boundaries of interest in physical phenomena, monitor or track them over time and also in some cases, mitigate the spatial spread of the phenomena. Since these sensors work autonomously in the environment, minimizing the energy consumed while maximizing the accuracy of estimation or tracking is the main challenge for algorithms for boundary estimation and tracking. Several algorithms with these objectives have been proposed in the literature. In this work, we focus on the algorithms that estimate and cover boundaries found in the sensory data in a field and not the topological boundary of the sensor network per se, which is beyond the scope of this paper.Here, our objective is to provide a comprehensive survey of the algorithms for boundary estimation and tracking by providing a taxonomy based on two broad categories — (i) Boundary estimation and tracking, where the sensors estimate the boundary without physically covering the boundary and (ii) Boundary covering — where the sensors not only predict the location and estimate the entire boundary but also physically cover the boundary by surrounding and bounding it. We further classify the techniques based on (a) sensing capabilities —in situ, range or remote sensing (b) movement capabilities — static or mobile sensors and (c) boundary type — static or dynamic and (d) type of estimation — field estimation where the entire field is sampled to search for contours and localized estimation where sampling is done near the boundary and (e) different types of mobility models in the case of mobile sensors. We believe that such a survey has not been performed before. By capturing and classifying the current state-of-the-art and identifying open research problems, we hope to ignite interest and stimulate efforts towards promising solutions for real-world boundary estimation and tracking problems. 相似文献
2.
Smita Chaubey Purushottam Joshi Manoj Kumar Rajesh Arya A. K. Nath Sanjay Kher 《Sadhana》2007,32(5):513-519
Long Period Gratings (LPGs) have been developed using carbon dioxide laser in a standard optical fibre. LPGs with a periodicity
of 600 μm and grating length of 24 mm have been inscribed on standard single mode fibre. Such gratings have been used in designing
temperature sensors and temperature is monitored up to 80°C. The sensitivity of such type of sensor is 0·06 nm/°C where as
for standard Fibre Bragg Grating (FBG) it is 0·011 nm/°C. The LPG performance is also evaluated after γ-ray irradiation for total dose of 5 KGy and has not shown any effect on transmission spectrum. 相似文献
3.
Mickel McClish Purushottam DokhaleJames Christian Christopher StapelsErik Johnson Frank AugustineKanai S. Shah 《Nuclear instruments & methods in physics research. Section A, Accelerators, spectrometers, detectors and associated equipment》2011,652(1):264-267
We have designed a 5×5 mm2 position sensitive solid-state photomultiplier (PS-SSPM) using a complementary metal-oxide-semiconductor (CMOS) process that provides imaging capability on the micro-pixel level. The PS-SSPM has 11,664 micro-pixels total, with each having an active area and micro-pixel pitch of 30×30 μm2 and 44.3 μm, respectively. The PS-SSPM was then examined for its performance characteristics such as its energy and spatial resolution, and LYSO scintillator array imaging capabilities. When coupled to 5×5×3 mm3 LYSO, the energy resolution at 511 keV (22Na) was measured as a function of bias, and corrected for the PS-SSPM non-linear output. The resolution is 14% (FWHM) at 511 keV with 30 V bias. The LYSO coincidence timing resolution was 9.4 ns (FWHM) at 511 keV. Spatial resolution studies were conducted using a focused (∼30 μm beam spot diameter) pulsed 635 nm diode laser. Scintillator array imaging studies were conducted at 511 keV using a 6×6 LYSO array, having 500 μm pixels (530 μm pitch) and 5 mm tall. 相似文献
4.
Mehrdad Irannejad Toney Fernandez Purushottam Joshi Zhanxiang Zhao Joris Lousteau Billy Richards Gin Jose Animesh Jha 《International Journal of Applied Glass Science》2013,4(3):202-213
Following on from Part I of this review article that focuses on the suitability of Er3+-doped tellurium oxide glass for optical amplification in fiber, this Part II article describes how the fiber gain data were then employed to engineer amplification in waveguides, which can be integrated with semiconductor pump sources. The gain characteristics and bandwidth of a phosphate modified tellurite waveguide formed on a GaAs substrate are discussed. The limiting structural compatibility of Er3+-doped tellurite glass with polydimethylsiloxane polymer for active–passive integration is overcome by adopting a nanoscale super-lattice approach for waveguide engineering. 相似文献
5.
Purushottam B. Tiwari Prem P. Chapagain Ahmed Seddek Thirunavukkarasu Annamalai Aykut Üren Yuk-Ching Tse-Dinh 《ChemMedChem》2020,15(7):623-631
A topoisomerase-DNA transient covalent complex can be a druggable target for novel topoisomerase poison inhibitors that represent a new class of antibacterial or anticancer drugs. Herein, we have investigated molecular features of the functionally important Escherichia coli topoisomerase I (EctopoI)-DNA covalent complex (EctopoIcc) for molecular simulations, which is very useful in the development of new antibacterial drugs. To demonstrate the usefulness of our approach, we used a model small molecule (SM), NSC76027, obtained from virtual screening. We examined the direct binding of NSC76027 to EctopoI as well as inhibition of EctopoI relaxation activity of this SM via experimental techniques. We then performed molecular dynamics (MD) simulations to investigate the dynamics and stability of EctopoIcc and EctopoI-NSC76027-DNA ternary complex. Our simulation results show that NSC76027 forms a stable ternary complex with EctopoIcc. EctopoI investigated here also serves as a model system for investigating a complex of topoisomerase and DNA in which DNA is covalently attached to the protein. 相似文献
6.
Wireless Networks - Unlike regular wireless networks like Mobile Ad hoc NETworks (MANET) can be exploited instinctively devoid of necessitating any centralized administration or available network... 相似文献
7.
Firoj Ali Vivek Kumar Himanshu Arvind Kumar Ashish Kumar Vishwakarma Sanjeev Kumar Sahu Purushottam Das Bohra Arvind Kumar Mishra 《Propellants, Explosives, Pyrotechnics》2024,49(5):e202400002
Post-blast fumes are hazardous and known to cause severe health related issues of workers. Further, these harmful gases have a significant impact on the surrounding environment. Thus, it is imperative to have an in-depth understanding of the real time detonation fume generation in underground space to avoid hazardous health risk of the worker. In this context, the mapping of toxic fume concentrations generated by the detonation of ANFO explosives in the actual field is a fascinating area of research that has a great environmental impact. This article examined the real-time analysis of toxic fumes generated by ammonium nitrate fuel oil (ANFO) explosives at various locations of a metalliferous underground mine. Furthermore, detonation parameters of various ANFO explosive compositions were also studied at the mining site. On-site blasting studies were performed with ANFO explosives, and post-detonation fume measurements enabled us to map the CO and NOx concentrations in underground spaces. Toxic fumes like CO and NOx were analyzed before and after each blasting operation at different intervals, and found within the allowed limit as per the Directorate General of Mines Safety guidelines. Additionally, an empirical correlation has been established to evaluate the maximum detonation velocity based on the alteration of ammonium nitrate and fuel oil composition. 相似文献
8.
Sohini Roy Ashis Kumar Samanta Arindam Dhali Atul Purushottam Kolte Jayaram Chikkerur Raghavendra Bhatta 《International Journal of Food Science & Technology》2021,56(5):2156-2165
The study aimed to investigate the utilisation of prebiotic D-tagatose by probiotic lactobacilli (L. rhamnosus GG, L. casei, L. acidophilus and L. fermentum) and enteric pathogens (E. coli and S. typhimurium) to determine synbiotic potential of D-tagatose and lactobacilli combination. The antimicrobial efficacy of the synbiotic preparations (D-tagatose with lactobacillus) was assessed against selected pathogens in co-culture assays. Evidently, D-tagatose supported growth of selected lactobacilli, especially the L. rhamnosus GG and L. casei, but not the enteric pathogens. The tested synbiotic preparations completely inhibited growth of both the pathogens, even in the presence of D-glucose in co-cultures. The well-diffusion assay demonstrated the presence of antimicrobial activity as recorded by drop of culture pH. The study substantiated that D-tagatose could be an effective prebiotic component for formulation of potential synbiotic combinations with L. rhamnosus GG or L. casei that can be used as an alternative to antibiotics against enteric pathogens. 相似文献
9.
Purushottam JhaAuthor Vitae Niranjan S. RamgirAuthor Vitae N. DattaAuthor VitaeS. KailasaganapathiAuthor Vitae M. KaurAuthor VitaeS.P. KoiryAuthor Vitae V. SaxenaAuthor VitaeA.K. ChauhanAuthor Vitae A.K. DebnathAuthor VitaeAjay SinghAuthor Vitae D.K. AswalS.K. GuptaAuthor Vitae 《Materials Chemistry and Physics》2013
Flexible polypyrrole nanosheets (thickness ∼150 nm) grown at the air–liquid interface have been investigated for charge transport and NH3 sensing application. Polypyrrole nanosheets films exhibited a uniform and dense morphology. Temperature dependent charge transport measurements revealed that the PPy films obey Mott's 3-D variable range hopping mechanism. The mobility values calculated using temperature dependent current voltage characteristics indicated them to obey Arrhenius behaviour. These films exhibited a reversible response towards NH3 at room temperature. The sensor exhibited a sensitivity of ∼12% with a typical response and recovery times of 240 s and 50 min, respectively towards 50 ppm of NH3. Raman studies indicated that there is an increase in the antisymmetrical C–N stretching upon exposure to higher concentration of NH3 (500 ppm) and could be assigned to the interaction of NH3 with the carbon backbone of PPy film. Our results clearly emphasize that these flexible PPy films could be used to realize flexible sensors. 相似文献
10.