Auslegung von Blasensäulen mithilfe von Compartmentmodellen

In bubble columns, the phenomena of mass and heat transfer as well as the reaction are closely linked to the complex fluid dynamics. Compartment modeling offers the opportunity to integrate these phenomena while enabling an axial and radial distribution with acceptable computing effort. This article includes methods for generating the compartment geometry and fluid dynamic parameters of this modeling approach, facilitating the opportunity to optimize an industrial bubble column.     

Granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (G-CSF) mediated mobilization of leukemic cells in Philadelphia chromosome positive acute lymphoblastic leukemia expressing myeloid antigens (my+Ph+ALL)

We report a male infant who has impaired penile development, hypospadias, and mild developmental delay with a 46,XY,t(1;18)(q32.1;q22.1) karyotype. Fluorescent in situ hybridization (FISH) was performed to more precisely map the translocation breakpoint. The translocation breakpoint maps to a region that has been implicated in genitourinary malformations in the 18q- syndrome. This case report suggests that a gene involved in genitourinary development maps at or near the chromosome 18 translocation breakpoint.     

KATHELO: A new high heat flux component testing facility

In this article a new helium cooled test facility is presented. The loop, KATHELO, is designed to operate at pressures up to 10 MPa and temperatures up to 800 °C in order to be able to provide suitable testing conditions for the helium cooled divertor concept developed at KIT. The general layout of the loop is introduced and the some of the technological solutions adopted for the loop components are discussed. The thermal-dynamic behavior of the loop during start-up and steady state operation for two different scenarios is analyzed using a RELAP-3D model of the circuit. Based on these simulations the heating power needed for high temperature operation is estimated. A particular attention is given to the thermal coupling between the cold and hot leg of the loop with emphasis on overall loop efficiency.     

High heat flux components—Readiness to proceed from near term fusion systems to power plants

A present topic of high interest in magnetic fusion is the “gap” between near-term and long-term concepts for high heat flux components (HHFC), and in particular for divertors. This paper focuses on this issue with the aim of characterizing the international status of current HHFC design concepts for ITER and describing the different technologies needed in the designs being developed for fusion power plants. Critical material and physics aspects are highlighted while evaluating the current readiness level of long-term concepts, identifying the design and R&D gaps, and discussing ways to bridge them.     

Fruits and vegetables intake and characteristics associated among adolescents from Southern Brazil

Background

Pseudomonas aeruginosa adhesion to animal/human cells for infection establishment involves adhesive proteins, including its galactose- and fucose-binding lectins PA-IL (LecA) and PA-IIL (LecB). The lectin binding to the target-cell receptors may be blocked by compatible glycans that compete with those of the receptors, functioning as anti-adhesion glycodecoys. The anti-adhesion treatment is of the utmost importance for abrogating devastating antibiotic-resistant P. aeruginosa infections in immunodeficient and cystic fibrosis (CF) patients. This strategy functions in nature in protecting embryos and neonates. We have shown that PA-IL, PA-IIL, and also CV-IIL (a PA-IIL homolog produced in the related pathogen Chromobacterium violaceum) are highly useful for revealing natural glycodecoys that surround embryos in diverse avian eggs and are supplied to neonates in milks and royal jelly. In the present study, these lectins were used as probes to search for seed embryo-protecting glycodecoys.

Methods

The lectin-blocking glycodecoy activities were shown by the hemagglutination-inhibition test. Lectin-binding glycoproteins were detected by Western blotting with peroxidase-labeled lectins.

Results

The present work reports the finding - by using PA-IL, PA-IIL, and CV-IIL - of rich glycodecoy activities of low (< 10 KDa) and high MW (> 10 kDa) compounds (including glycoproteins) in extracts of cashew, cocoa, coffee, pumpkin, and tomato seeds, resembling those of avian egg whites, mammal milks, and royal jelly.

Conclusions

Edible seed extracts possess lectin-blocking glycodecoys that might protect their embryos from infections and also might be useful for hampering human and animal infections.     

Einfluss der Genauigkeit der Reaktionskinetik auf die simulationsgestützte Auslegung von Blasensäulen

For the model‐based dimensioning and design of bubble columns information about fluiddynamics as well as mass transfer and reaction are needed. These data from the literature are subject to uncertainty. The influence of uncertainty of reaction kinetics on the dimensioning and design of bubble columns is investigated by using the radial discretized compartment model. The results are compared to the outcome of an axial dispersion model.     

Exercise training modifies nutrient self-selection in rats

Introduced in 1988, cavernous electromyography and its evolution, single potential analysis of cavernous electrical activity (SPACE), seem to be promising diagnostic methods in the evaluation of erectile dysfunction. The aim of our study was to determine the influence of a centrally disturbed autonomic supply on SPACE recordings. SPACE was performed in 35 male patients with complete and 2 with incomplete spinal cord lesions at a cervical or thoracic level. Simultaneous recording was done with concentric needle electrodes in both cavernous bodies with a frequency range of 0.5 to 100 Hz. All patients underwent a full neurological and urological evaluation, including cystometry. The lesion was cervical in 12 patients and thoracic in 22. Three patients underwent sacral deafferentation and bladder pacemaker implantation. One of 12 patients with cervical and 10 of 22 with thoracic lesions reported full rigid reflexogenic erections, while 3 of 12 patients with cervical lesions were not evaluable due to grounding failure. Of these patients 31 were eligible for our study. No patient had an entirely normal SPACE. Four of 9 patients with cervical and 19 of 22 with thoracic lesions had a normal, silent basic electric (less than 5 mu v.) oscillation, while the remainder had a baseline oscillation of up to 100 mu v. Normal potentials were found in 2 of 9 and 10 of 22 patients, respectively. Low frequency, high amplitude potentials were found in 6 of 9 and 21 of 22 patients, respectively, while low frequency, low amplitude potentials occurred in 8 and 8, respectively, and high frequency potentials occurred in 5 and 1, respectively. Our results show that abnormal autonomic input induces abnormal SPACE findings in patients with (presumably) normal cavernous tissue.     

Influence of microstructure and notch fabrication on impact bending properties of tungsten materials

Refractory materials, in particular tungsten base materials are considered as primary candidates for high heat load applications in future nuclear fusion power plants. Promising design outlines make use of the high heat conductivity and strength of W-1%La₂O₃ (WL10) as structural material. Here, the lower temperature range is restricted by the transition to a steel part and the upper operation temperature limit is defined by the onset of recrystallization and/or loss of strength, respectively. The most critical issue of tungsten materials in connection with structural applications, however, is the ductile-to-brittle transition. Another problem consists in the fact that especially refractory alloys show a strong correlation between microstructure and their manufacturing history. Since mechanical properties are defined by the underlying microstructure, refractory alloys can behave quite different, even if their chemical composition is the same. Therefore, the fracture behavior of several tungsten based alloys was characterized by standard Charpy tests which have been performed up to 1100 °C in vacuum. Due to their fabrication history (powder mixing, pressing, sintering, rolling or swaging) all materials had specific microstructures which often led to typical delamination fractures. The influence of the microstructure characteristics like grain size, anisotropy, texture, or chemical composition as well as the effect of notch machining was investigated. All results are discussed and assessed with respect to the optimization of future component fabrication for high temperature nuclear fusion applications.