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1.
Cooperative behavior of various agents in dynamic environment 总被引:5,自引:0,他引:5
Akihide Hiura Toshiya Kuroda Nobuhiro Inuzuka Ken-ichi Itoh Masashi Yamada Hirohisa Seki Hidenori Itoh 《Computers & Industrial Engineering》1997,33(3-4):601-604
The multi-agent model is a model in which agents with limited ability cooperate each other to accomplish a goal. In this paper, we introduce a multi-agent model in which agents are created to imitate real ants. There are two different type of agents, each type of which has a particular task. We designed agents to communicate each other by using pheromone considering noise. On this model, we observed cooperative behavior of agents and evaluated conditions to make an order of behavior in the model. 相似文献
2.
M Ikeda K Noda M Hiura T Tamaya M Ozaki M Hatae M Ozawa T Yamabe K Tanaka R Izumi H Okada Y Ogita H Hoshiai 《Canadian Metallurgical Quarterly》1998,25(14):2249-2257
We conducted a multi-site late phase II trial of oral etoposide administered for 21 consecutive days in patients with cervical cancer in cooperation with 32 institutes. Fifty mg/body of oral etoposide was administered daily for 21 consecutive days. Treatment cycles were to be repeated at 4- to 5-week intervals. Eighty patients were enrolled and 70 patients were evaluated. The overall response rate (95% CI), including one complete response patient and 18 partial response patients, was 27.1% (19/70). The most commonly observed toxicity was myelosuppression such as leukopenia, neutropenia, hemoglobin decrease and thrombocytopenia. Other adverse effects were gastrointestinal toxicities such as anorexia, nausea, stomatitis and vomiting, as well as fatigue and alopecia. These adverse effects were well tolerated and controlled with medications. From these results we concluded oral etoposide administered for 21 consecutive days was an effective drug against cervical cancer. 相似文献
3.
Zhaoxia Song Hiroyasu Nishiguchi Wei Liu Hiroshi Yamada Akihide Takami Kumiko Kudo Katsutoshi Nagaoka Yusaku Takita 《Catalysis Letters》2006,111(3-4):169-171
Redox properties of CeO2 and Pt-Rh/CeO2 were studied by temporal analysis of products (TAP) method using alternative pulses of CO and O2. A portion of pulsed CO was oxidized to CO2 and a portion of CO was adsorbed on the surface. Pulsing 18O2 onto the catalyst which has surface species derived from CO, evolved CO2 contained no 18O suggesting that the surface species will be carbonate ions. 相似文献
4.
Taiji Hamada Seiya Yokoyama Toshiaki Akahane Kei Matsuo Akihide Tanimoto 《International journal of molecular sciences》2023,24(1)
Many variants of uncertain significance (VUS) have been detected in clinical cancer cases using next-generation sequencing-based cancer gene panel analysis. One strategy for the elucidation of VUS is the functional analysis of cultured cancer cell lines that harbor targeted gene variants using genome editing. Genome editing is a powerful tool for creating desired gene alterations in cultured cancer cell lines. However, the efficiency of genome editing varies substantially among cell lines of interest. We performed comparative studies to determine the optimal editing conditions for the introduction of platelet-derived growth factor receptor alpha (PDGFRA) variants in human glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) cell lines. After monitoring the copy numbers of PDGFRA and the expression level of the PDGFRα protein, four GBM cell lines (U-251 MG, KNS-42, SF126, and YKG-1 cells) were selected for the study. To compare the editing efficiency in these GBM cell lines, the modes of clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeat (CRISPR)-associated protein 9 (Cas9) delivery (plasmid vs. ribonucleoprotein (RNP)), methods of transfection (lipofection vs. electroporation), and usefulness of cell sorting were then evaluated. Herein, we demonstrated that electroporation-mediated transfer of Cas9 with single-guide RNA (Cas9 RNP complex) could sufficiently edit a target nucleotide substitution, irrespective of cell sorting. As the Cas9 RNP complex method showed a higher editing efficiency than the Cas9 plasmid lipofection method, it was the optimal method for single-nucleotide editing in human GBM cell lines under our experimental conditions. 相似文献
5.
6.
Branched polystyrenes were prepared by quasi‐living radical copolymerization of N,N‐diethylaminodithiocarbamoylmethylstyrene (inimer: DTCS) with styrene under UV irradiation. DTCS monomers play an important role in this copolymerization system as an inimer capable of initiating living radical polymerization of the vinyl group. Two monomers (DTCS and styrene) showed equal reactivity toward both propagating species, and the copolymer composition was the same as the comonomer feed. This result means that both the branching and chain length of the hyperbranched molecules can be controlled statistically by the feed monomer ratios. The compact nature of the branched macromolecules is demonstrated by viscosity measurements compared to the linear analogues. © 2001 Society of Chemical Industry 相似文献
7.
Hidefumi Hiura Michael V. Lee Anastasia V. Tyurnina Kazuhito Tsukagoshi 《Carbon》2012,50(14):5076-5084
We developed a novel method to produce graphene on silicon carbide (SiC) at a temperature as low as 1000 °C. The method is based on liquid phase growth (LPG) of graphene mediated by liquid gallium, which acts not only as a flux to store carbon dissolved from a surface of SiC when heated, but also as a catalyst to promote the formation of graphene on SiC when cooled. Our experimental results revealed that gallium-treated SiC substrates are coated with uniform and continuous graphene films. The LPG method is able to supply graphene films consisting of one to several hundreds of layers, depending on heating temperatures. Our approach can not only provide an alternative way to form graphene natively on SiC, but will also bring a technological breakthrough in industrial applications of graphene, e.g. the realization of graphene-on-insulator substrates. 相似文献
8.
Three-layer flow membrane system on a microchip for investigation of molecular transport 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
Surmeian M Slyadnev MN Hisamoto H Hibara A Uchiyama K Kitamori T 《Analytical chemistry》2002,74(9):2014-2020
A stable three-layer flow system, water/organic solvent/water, has been successfully applied for the first time in a microchannel to get rapid transport through an organic liquid membrane. In the continuous laminar flow region, the analyte (methyl red) was rapidly extracted across the microchannel from the donor to the acceptor phase through the organic solvent phase (cyclohexane). Thermal lens microscopy was used to monitor the process. The thickness of the organic phase, sandwiched by the two aqueous phases, was approximately 64 microm, and it was considered as a thin liquid organic membrane. Permeability studies showed the effects of molecular diffusion, layer thickness, and organic solvent-water partition coefficient on the molecular transport. In the microchip, complete equilibration was achieved in several seconds, in contrast to a conventionally used apparatus, where it takes tens of minutes. The thickness of the organic and aqueous boundary layers was defined as equal to the microchannel dimensions, and the organic solvent-water partition coefficient was determined on a microchip using the liquid/liquid extraction system. Experimental data on molecular transport across the organic membrane were in agreement with the calculated permeability based on the three-compartment water/organic solvent/water model. This kind of experiment can be performed only in a microspace, and the system can be considered as a potential biological membrane for future in vitro study of drug transport. 相似文献
9.
Hisamoto H Shimizu Y Uchiyama K Tokeshi M Kikutani Y Hibara A Kitamori T 《Analytical chemistry》2003,75(2):350-354
Here we report a design and synthesis of a chemically functional polymer membrane by an interfacial polycondensation reaction and multilayer flow inside a microchannel. Single and parallel dual-membrane structures are successfully prepared by using organic/aqueous two-layer flow and organic/aqueous/organic three-layer flow inside the microchannel followed by an interfacial polycondensation reaction. By using the inner-channel membrane, permeation of ammonia species through the inner-channel membrane is successfully achieved. Furthermore, horseradish peroxidase is immobilized on one side of the membrane surface to integrate the chemical transform function onto the inner-channel membrane. Here substrate permeation through the membrane and subsequent chemical transformation at the membrane surface are realized. The polymer membrane prepared inside the microchannel has an important role in ensuring stable contact of different phases such as gas/liquid or liquid/ liquid and the permeation of chemical species through the membrane. Furthermore, membrane surface modification chemistry allows chemical transformation of permeated chemical species. These methods are expected to lead to development of complicated and sophisticated chemical systems involving membrane permeation and chemical reactions. 相似文献
10.
First-principles calculations based on density functional theory enable us to quantify the thermal equilibrium concentration of a point defect through calculating the formation energy of the defect. In order to know the formation energy, we need three parameters: the energy difference between defective and perfect systems, chemical potential of constitutive atoms and Fermi level. The energy difference is obtained from calculations based on “supercell method”. The energy of a supercell with a charged defect should be corrected by an appropriate way such as alignment of electrostatic potential. The chemical potential and Fermi level can be fixed from conditions of phase equilibrium and charge neutrality. 相似文献