Reusable Polyacrylonitrile-Sulfur Extractor of Heavy Metal Ions from Wastewater

Mercury, lead, and cadmium are among the most toxic and carcinogenic heavy metal ions (HMIs), posing serious threats to the sustainability of aquatic ecosystems and public health. There is an urgent need to remove these ions from water by a cheap but green process. Traditional methods have insufficient removal efficiency and reusability. Structurally robust, large surface-area adsorbents functionalized with high-selectivity affinity to HMIs are attractive filter materials. Here, an adsorbent prepared by vulcanization of polyacrylonitrile (PAN), a nitrogen-rich polymer, is reported, giving rise to PAN-S nanoparticles with cyclic π-conjugated backbone and electronic conductivity. PAN-S can be coated on ultra-robust melamine (ML) foam by simple dipping and drying. In agreement with hard/soft acid/base theory, N- and S-containing soft Lewis bases have strong binding to Hg²⁺, Pb²⁺, Cu²⁺, and Cd²⁺, with extraordinary capture efficiency and performance stability. Furthermore, the used filters, when collected and electrochemically biased in a recycling bath, can release the HMIs into the bath and electrodeposit on the counter-electrode as metallic Hg⁰, Pb⁰, Cu⁰, and Cd⁰, and the PAN-S@ML filter can then be reused at least 6 times as new. The electronically conductive PAN-S@ML filter can be fabricated cheaply and holds promise for scale-up applications.     

一种基于Spark的不确定数据集频繁模式挖掘算法

如何在海量不确定数据集中提高频繁模式挖掘性能是目前研究的热点.传统算法大多是以期望、概率或者权重等单一指标为数据项集支持度，在大数据背景下，同时考虑概率和权重支持度的算法难以兼顾其执行效率.为此，本文提出一种基于Spark的不确定数据集频繁模式挖掘算法（UWEFP），首先，为了同时兼顾数据项的概率和权重，计算一项集的最大概率权重值并进行剪枝；然后，为了减少对数据集的多次扫描，结合Spark框架的优点，设计了一种具有FP-tree特征的新颖的UWEFP-tree结构进行模式树的构建及挖掘；最后在Spark环境下，以UCI数据集进行实验验证.实验结果表明本文的方法在保证挖掘结果的同时，提高了效率.     

基于实际井眼轨迹的抽油杆柱API设计方法

目前的抽油杆柱设计方法大都基于设计井眼轨迹或经验公式，因此设计的抽油杆柱与井眼的匹配性并没有达到最优，结果可能影响了抽油杆柱的受力特性和寿命。概述了目前现有的抽油杆柱设计方法，提出了基于实际井眼轨迹的抽油杆柱API设计方法，即考虑到在三维空间中井下粘滞阻力及动载的影响，利用微单元分析方法计算出轴向载荷与轴向应力，然后在此基础上进行杆柱组合设计，并给出了设计流程。以江苏油田永21-3井为例，对几种设计方法的设计结果进行了对比分析，结果表明，江苏油田目前采用的抽油杆柱设计方法包含了人为经验因素，并不是最优的杆柱设计结果，有待进一步改进。     

废胶粉改性沥青性能影响因素研究

分析了制备工艺、胶粉粒径以及外加添加剂对胶粉改性沥青常规使用性能和稳定性的影响。结果表明:在一定的范围内,胶粉粒径细,对沥青性能的改善较好;加入相容剂可改变沥青胶体体系的溶剂化层的结构和性质;交联剂的加入,增大了体系的稳定性。     

海河流域河道外生态需水研究

水土流失是海河流域较为突出的生态环境问题之一。经对比研究发现，植被覆盖度的变化会通过影响洪充量，土壤侵蚀量等因子，进而改变水土流失的状况。从提高植被覆盖度尤其是低覆盖度草地植被的角度出发，定量研究了为改善流域水土流失状况河道外生态需水的具体数额，得出海河流域现状年河道外生态耗水（降水）385亿m^3。另外，为改善河道外生态环境状况将低覆盖度草地提高地提高至中等覆盖度水平，则需要增加生态需水12．5亿m^3。     

海南福山凹陷地层可钻性及钻头选型

利用测井资料及室内实验建立的可钻性模型编制了计算机软件，用其建立了海南福山凹陷地层连续可钻性剖面，并推荐出钻头选型，和现场实钻情况相当的吻合，为钻头合理选型提供了依据。     

海底天然气渗漏地震探测方法的研究进展

海底天然气渗漏可以指示沉积层中的烃类聚集带，渗漏出的大量气体（主要是甲烷）还可能影响全球的气候变化。此外，与海底渗漏相关的浅层气改变了海底沉积物的土工性质，可能对海底工程构成威胁。因此对海底天然气渗漏进行研究意义重大。在海底渗漏探测方面，地震是一种有效的方法，它不仅能反映深部构造，为海底渗漏提供气体来源和运移通道信息；而且还可以直接用来寻找渗漏相关特征，为海底观测和取样提供依据。在地震剖面上，与海底天然气渗漏相关的浅层气表现为声混浊、声空白、亮点、多次波、速度下拉、气烟囱等特征，泥火山、泥底辟表现为隆起的地震透明带，而麻坑则表现为“V”字形截面和半透明状地震混浊。     

Preparation of Iron Filler-Based Photocomposites and Application in 3D Printing

The introduction of metallic fillers to polymers via the photopolymerization approach can endow the composite materials with some unique properties, but the relevant research is still scarce due to the issue of light penetration and inner filter effect. Herein, for the first time the fabrication of photocomposites based on fine iron powder (i.e., a typical kind of metallic filler) is reported in this work. The free radical polymerization of two different acrylate monomers, poly(ethylene glycol) diacrylate and trimethylolpropane triacrylate, is performed in the presence of iron filler under mild conditions (i.e., light emitting diode (LED)@405 nm irradiation at room temperature under air). And the real-time Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy reveals remarkable photopolymerization kinetics of acrylates with high final conversions and fast polymerization rates despite the increasing contents of iron filler in the composites. Interestingly, the 3D printing technique is applied to the iron filler-based composites to produce tridimensional patterns with excellent spatial resolution. This work not only paves the way for the investigation of photocomposites based on metallic fillers through photochemical methods, but also broadens the potential application prospects.     

铂系低碳烷烃脱氢催化剂研究进展

综述了近年来国内外铂系低碳烷烃脱氢催化剂的技术现状与研究进展。首先从热力学角度论述了低碳烷烃脱氢反应与相关副反应的反应机理,随后分别从活性位点性能与催化脱氢的关系,氧化铝、分子筛等载体的作用,以及锡、碱金属、碱土金属、过渡金属等助剂改性对催化剂的影响等3个方面分析了铂系低碳烷烃脱氢催化剂的优势与存在的问题,进而探究了铂系脱氢催化剂的失活原因。最后对铂系脱氢催化剂的研究前景做了展望,提出该系列催化剂的主要发展方向包括降低贵金属铂的负载量、提高催化剂的稳定性、减少积炭副反应等。