回热损失对磁斯特林制冷循环制冷率的影响

从铁磁质的磁化强度一般表示式出发，探讨热阻和回热损失对磁斯特林制冷循环性能的影响，导出最大制冷率及其它性能参数。得到了结果适用于以顺磁质为工质的磁斯特林制冷循环。并指出在理想回热条件下的结论也适用于磁卡诺制冷循环。     

Analysis of Combined Systems of Two Endoreversible Engines

A single endoreversible engine can operate as a cooler, a true heat engine, a heat pump, or a refrigerator. We investigate how many different modes of operation a combined system of two endoreversible engines may display. Special attention is paid to the independent combined system which neither consumes nor supplies power.     

Optimum thermoeconomic and thermodynamic performance characteristics of an irreversible three-heat-source heat pump

The coefficient of performance and specific heating load of an irreversible three-heat-source heat pump are given by using a general cycle model affected by the finite-rate heat transfer, heat leak and internal irreversibility of the cyclic working fluid. The heat pumping load divided by the total cost per unit time is taken as a new objective function and used to investigate the performance of the heat pump. The thermoeconomic and thermodynamic performance characteristics of the heat pump are discussed in detail. Some important performance parameters such as the thermoeconomic objective function and coefficient of performance are optimized. The optimally operating regions of the heat pump and the bounds of several performance parameters are determined. Finally, it is pointed out that the Carnot heat pump may be taken as a special case of a three-heat-source heat pump and consequently its optimal performance can be directly derived from the results obtained here.     

一种GHz高频应用的低失调高速CMOS动态比较器

提出了一种由改进的前置差分运算放大器和差分式锁存器构成的高频、高速、低失调电压的动态比较器。前置预差分放大器采用PMOS交叉互连的负载结构,提升差模增益,进而减小输入失调。后置输出级锁存器采用差分双尾电流源抑制共模噪声,改善输出级失调,并加速比较过程。采用一个时钟控制的开关晶体管替代传统复位模块,优化版图面积,在锁存器中构建正反馈回路,加速了比较信号的复位和输出建立过程。采用65 nm/1.2 V标准CMOS工艺完成电路设计,结合Cadence Spectre工艺角和蒙特卡洛仿真分析对该动态比较器的延时、失调电压和功耗特性进行评估。结果表明,在1.2 V电源电压和1 GHz采样时钟控制下,平均功耗为117.1 μW;最差SS工艺角对应的最大输出延迟仅为153.4 ps;1 000次蒙特卡罗仿真求得的平均失调电压低至1.53 mV。与其他比较器相比,该动态比较器的电压失调和高速延时等参数有明显优势。     

C波段高效率逆F类GaN MMIC功率放大器

为了解决晶体管寄生参数对逆F(F-1)类功率放大器效率的影响,采用了一种新型的输出谐波控制结构。首先,设计二次和三次谐波控制电路,同时将直流偏置电路加入二次谐波控制电路,降低了电路设计的复杂度。其次,为了解决寄生参数对F-1类功放本征漏极端阻抗的影响,采用一段串行微带线进行寄生补偿。最后,通过微带线和电容进行基波和负载之间的匹配。为验证方法的有效性,采用0.25 μm氮化镓高电子迁移率晶体管(GaN HEMT)工艺,设计了一款工作在5.7 GHz~6.3 GHz的F-1类微波集成电路功放。版图后仿真结果显示,F-1类功放的漏极效率DE为57.2%~62.3%,功率附加效率PAE为51.8%~57.4%,饱和输出功率为39.0 dBm~40.4 dBm,增益为9.0 dBm~10.4 dBm。版图面积为3.2×1.7 mm²。     

基于响应曲面建模的LS频段VCO优化设计

提出了一种采用响应曲面(RSM)协同优化压控振荡器(VCO)的功耗、相位噪声的方法.以差分耦合LC-VCO电路为实验设计对象,在电路结构上增加级联交叉耦合负阻管结合外部电流镜偏置,改进了相位噪声和功耗性能.在此基础上,建立VCO性能的响应曲面模型,优化并选取最佳电路设计参数的组合,获取最佳性能.基于TSMC CMOS ...     

基于低功耗约束的CMOS LNA的优化设计

针对低功耗电路发展的趋势,在传统的共源共栅结构基础上,同时引入实现噪声优化的PCSNIM技术和提高增益的级间匹配技术,通过合理调节晶体管的尺寸实现了低功耗的指标.电路采用TSMC 0.18 μm CMOS工艺进行设计,模拟结果表明,在2.45 GHz工作频率下,输入输出匹配良好,增益为14.274 dB,噪声系数为0.669 dB,1 dB压缩点为-16.1 dBm,IIP3为-4.858 dBm,直流功耗仅2.628 mW.     

不可逆回热式玻色布雷顿制冷循环性能分析

基于玻色气体的热力学性质和回热式布雷顿制冷循环的不可逆模型,导出循环的一些重要性能参数,如循环的制冷量、回热量、输入功和性能系数的一般表达式。通过数值计算获得了循环的一些重要的性能特性曲线,分析了循环的不可逆性和回热特性对玻色布雷顿制冷机性能的影响。     

Optimization on the charging process of a capacitor

The question of how to minimize Joule heating dissipated in a circuit is discussed when a capacitor is charged to a specified voltage during a given time. The minimum Joule heating dissipated in the circuit and the energy delivered by the voltage source are calculated. The emf of the voltage source is optimized and the efficiencies of differently charging methods are derived. The results obtained here are significant for some special circuit designs.     

热电器件中的汤姆孙热

应用非平衡态热力学理论，求出热电器件吸热和放热端与热源交换的热流。进而讨论汤姆孙热对电器件性能的影响。结果表明，在热电器件中常被忽视的汤姆孙热是不容忽视的。