Transition metal oxyhydroxides have been used as promising electrocatalysts for water splitting however, their catalytic activity is restricted due to low surface area and poor conductivity. Herein, we report novel composite FeOOH@ZIF-12/graphene composite as electrocatalyst for water oxidation, whereby ZIF-12 provide extra surface for the FeOOH dispersion whilst graphene act as excellent electron mediator. The composite shows a low overpotential value of 291 mV to attain a current density of 10 mA cm?2 and a low Tafel slope value of 78 mV dec?1. The catalyst offers a maximum current density of 101 mA cm?2, while it gives a turnover frequency (TOF) value of 0.031 s?1 at an overpotential of 291 mV only. The excellent activity and remarkable stability of composite is attributed to highly conductive and porous support. 相似文献
Text search is a type of strategic reading that involves locating specific goal-relevant information. Previous research has indicated that college and high school students often exhibit inefficient or unsuccessful text-search performance. Consequently, the effects of 2 manipulations on text-search performance were investigated: (1) the presence of indexed terms in a text-search task and (2) the use of a planning prompt before beginning a task. 34 college students engaged in 6 text-search tasks. Half of these tasks contained terms that could be used in an index; half required that a search term be generated. Half of the subjects were randomly assigned to a prompt condition in which they were prompted to plan their search before beginning each task. The results indicated that a planning prompt raised the success level of search performance, as did the presence of terms that were searchable in the textbook's index. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved) 相似文献
New cubic defect pyrochlore type AxLnySb2O6+z antimoniates (0<x,y,z<1; A=Rb, Cs, Tl; Ln=Eu, Gd, and Y) (space group Fd3m) were prepared by calcination in air at 650 °C of compositions obtained by a coprecipitation method. Their crystal structures were refined by the Rietveld procedure and further confirmed by X-ray absorption spectroscopy (EXAFS) experiments. Refinements of the X-ray powder diffraction data show a partial and statistical occupation of the 8b site by alkaline or thallous ions and oxygen and lead to values close to 0.33 for the only refinable positional x parameter of the 48f oxygenated site. 相似文献
The interpretation of way-finding symbols for healthcare facilities in a multicultural community was assessed in a cross-sectional study. One hundred participants recruited from Al Ain city in the United Arab Emirates were asked to interpret 28 healthcare symbols developed at Hablamos Juntos (such as vaccinations and laboratory) as well as 18 general-purpose symbols (such as elevators and restrooms). The mean age was 27.6 years (16–55 years) of whom 84 (84%) were females. Healthcare symbols were more difficult to comprehend than general-purpose signs. Symbols referring to abstract concepts were the most misinterpreted including oncology, diabetes education, outpatient clinic, interpretive services, pharmacy, internal medicine, registration, social services, obstetrics and gynecology, pediatrics and infectious diseases. Interpretation rates varied across cultural backgrounds and increased with higher education and younger age. Signage within healthcare facilities should be tested among older persons, those with limited literacy and across a wide range of cultures. 相似文献
A sol–gel method using Ba and Al isopropylates and iron nitrate has been used to synthesise barium hexaaluminate partially substituted with iron. After calcination under oxygen at 1200°C the -alumina structure was obtained. Formation of the mixed BaFexAl12-xO19 phase occurred for x=1–4. XRD measurements showed a good crystallinity of the structure and expansion of unit cell parameters due to the presence of larger Fe3+ ions substituting Al3+ ones in octahedral sites only. Mössbauer spectroscopy revealed that Fe3+ ions are present in four different octahedral sites slightly distorted. Catalytic activity in methane combustion showed that an optimum was obtained for solid containing 2 Fe ions per unit cell: the increase of the amount of introduced iron was counterbalanced by the decrease of specific surface area. Intrinsic activities have been calculated for the four solids in both the fresh and aged states. It is observed that increasing iron content increases relative activities in the same ratio as the populations of iron located in two sites as deduced from Mössbauer spectroscopy. It is then tentatively assumed that activity is attributed to octahedrally coordinated Fe3+ ions in some specific sites. 相似文献
Automated techniques for Arabic content recognition are at a beginning period contrasted with their partners for the Latin and Chinese contents recognition. There is a bulk of handwritten Arabic archives available in libraries, data centers, historical centers, and workplaces. Digitization of these documents facilitates (1) to preserve and transfer the country’s history electronically, (2) to save the physical storage space, (3) to proper handling of the documents, and (4) to enhance the retrieval of information through the Internet and other mediums. Arabic handwritten character recognition (AHCR) systems face several challenges including the unlimited variations in human handwriting and the leakage of large and public databases. In the current study, the segmentation and recognition phases are addressed. The text segmentation challenges and a set of solutions for each challenge are presented. The convolutional neural network (CNN), deep learning approach, is used in the recognition phase. The usage of CNN leads to significant improvements across different machine learning classification algorithms. It facilitates the automatic feature extraction of images. 14 different native CNN architectures are proposed after a set of try-and-error trials. They are trained and tested on the HMBD database that contains 54,115 of the handwritten Arabic characters. Experiments are performed on the native CNN architectures and the best-reported testing accuracy is 91.96%. A transfer learning (TF) and genetic algorithm (GA) approach named “HMB-AHCR-DLGA” is suggested to optimize the training parameters and hyperparameters in the recognition phase. The pre-trained CNN models (VGG16, VGG19, and MobileNetV2) are used in the later approach. Five optimization experiments are performed and the best combinations are reported. The highest reported testing accuracy is 92.88%.
Aluminum (Al) alloy 7075 reinforced with Al2O3 particles was prepared using the stir casting method. The microstructure of the cast composites showed some degree of porosity
and sites of Al2O3 particle clustering, especially at high-volume fractions of Al2O3 particles. Different squeeze pressures (25 and 50 MPa) were applied to the cast composite during solidification to reduce
porosity and particle clusters. Microstructure examinations of the squeeze cast composites showed remarkable grain refining
compared with that of the matrix alloy. As the volume fraction of particles and applied squeeze pressure increased, the hardness
linearly increased. This increase was related to the modified structure and the decrease in the porosity. The effect of particle
volume fraction and squeeze pressure on the dry-sliding wear of the composites was studied. Experiments were performed at
10, 30, and 50 N with a sliding speed of 1 m/s using a pin-on-ring apparatus. Increasing the particle volume fraction and
squeeze pressure improved the wear resistance of the composite compared with that of the monolithic alloy, because the Al2O3 particles acted as load-bearing constituents. Also, these results can be attributed to the fact that the application of squeeze
pressure during solidification led to a reduction in the porosity, and an increase in the solidification rate, leading to
a finer structure. Moreover, the application of squeeze pressure improved the interface strength between the matrix and Al2O3 particles by elimination of the porosity at the interface, thereby providing better mechanical locking. 相似文献
Wireless Personal Communications - In this paper, we propose a new reputation approach, called I-WD (improved WatchDog). We attempt to eliminate selective dropping attack that ensue when malicious... 相似文献