低密度微泡沫压井液的研究与应用

吐哈油田部分区块地层压力系数小于0.9,常规水基压井液对储层伤害大,若使用油基压井液成本高,环境污染严重。通过实验优选出了一种低密度水基微泡沫压井液。该压井液具有密度低、泡沫强度高、稳定性好、携砂能力强等优点。现场应用表明,低密度微泡沫压井液稳定时间大于48 h,密度在0.70~0.99 g/cm3之间可调,抗油污染能力强,抗油大于8%,抗温在100℃以上,岩心污染后渗透率恢复值大于80%;并且施工方便,成本低,具有储层保护能力,使用微泡沫压井液的井表皮系数在0.20~2.34之间。     

共轭梯度法在三维复杂流动数值分析中的应用

将多块网格技术运用于三维T型管复杂流场的网格生成，利用不完全乔列斯基预处理共轭梯度，双共轭梯度方法求解N－S方程的离散方程。计算表明上述方法有良好的收敛特性，适合于诸如T型管等复杂流动的分析。     

金堆地区浅基础设计的实践

通过对金堆地区建筑物稳定性变化的分析，提出了金堆地区浅基础设计的见解，阐明了在进行浅基础设计时，应在综合分析地质、地形、地貌、建筑物特性等因素的基础上，进行择优选择，对该地区的浅基础设计有一定的指导意义。     

Stored energy analysis of Zn—5Al eutectic alloy in superplastic deformation

The stored energy and the energy release during SPD(superplastic deformation)of a Zn-5Al alloy were studied.The alloy after rolling process gains more stored energy,and the as-rolled speciment can obtain maximum elongation and minimum flow stress without hot loding treatment before SPD.Experimental results show that stroed energy release process is along with SPD process and is also an impetus to SPD.The as -rolled Zn-5Al alloy has 48J/mol stored energy which was measured with DSC(differential scanning calorimeter)and conforms well to the calcuated value.The as-rolled Zn-5Al alloy after SPD with an elongation of 2500% releases 112J/mol stored energy,Analysis shows that the strain rate is in direct ratio to the rate of stred energy release.     

Formation mechanism of bainitic ferrite and carbide

Superledges on the broad faces of bainitic ferrite plates have been observed with transmission electron microscope (TEM). The observed superledges, ranging from less than 1 to 24 nm in height, are imaged in three dimension by way of tilt operation under TEM. Also, an array of smaller superledges are observed to pile up in front of a secondary phase. Pileup of superledges in front of a barrier is indicative of the mobility of an individual superledge. The precipitation of carbide associated with bainitic ferrite is also studied. It is observed that a carbide of a wedgelike shape may exist in front of a superledge with its tip(i.e., thinner end) penetrating the austenite and its root (the other end) originating at α:γ boundary. This condition indicates that the observed carbides may nucleate at the austenite side of α:γ phase boundary and grow toward austenite matrix. This article is based on a presentation made at the Pacific Rim Conference on the “Roles of Shear and Diffusion in the Formation of Plate-Shaped Transformation Products,” held December 18-22, 1992, in Kona, Hawaii, under the auspices of ASM INTERNATIONAL’S Phase Transformations Committee.     

驻极体声传感器及其储电材料的现状

综述了驻极体声传感器及其储电材料近年来的迅猛发展。传统的FEP(tetrafluoroethylene—hexa—fluoropropylene copolymer)极体电容式声传感器及以铁电聚合物PVDF(poly vinylidene fluoride)家族为芯片的声传感器和超声抉能器仍焕发着青春活力。Si基微型驻极体声传感器的理论和实验研究已经日趋成熟，而用空间电荷型多孔聚合物驻极体压电薄膜为芯片可望研制出新一代声电和电声传感器、压力传感器和驱动器。     

会计信息失真现象的博弈分析

在对现实进行合理假定的基础上建立了会计信息失真现象的有限完美信息动态博弈模型，并利用后退归纳法找到了五个满足不同条件的纳什均衡解。通过对均衡条件的分析，找出了导致会计信息失真的治理结构原因和法律制度因素，并提出了建设性的解决措施。     

有源滤波器的设计

首先阐明有源滤波器的基本概念和传递函数,然后着重介绍具有低灵敏度的GIC型双运放电路和在较高频率时应用的开关电容滤波器,最后举例说明它们的应用.     

Adaptive output-feedback tracking of stochastic nonlinear systems

We address the adaptive stabilization and tracking problems for a class of output feedback canonical systems driven by Wiener noises of unknown covariance. Filtered transformation and backstepping techniques are employed in the stochastic control design. We obtain two adaptive controllers that guarantee the global stability in probability for vanishing perturbations or the input-to-state stability in probability for nonvanishing perturbations respectively. The tracking error can converge to a small residual set around the origin in the sense of mean quartic value.     

短脉冲激光与岩石相互作用机理初探

石油开采过程中，为增大原始岩体的渗流速度，一般采用水压致裂或射孔弹的方法来加以实现，但两种方法都存在一定缺陷。为探索一种新概念石油开采技术，即采用激光技术增大原始岩体的渗透率，对短脉冲激光辐照自然、饱水和饱油状态的花岗岩、大理岩和红砂岩的响应作了初步研究。得到了激光辐照下，岩石试样内烧蚀坑的三维形态以及烧蚀状态与脉冲数的初步关系。结果表明：脉冲激光可以在试样局部产生一定的裂纹；饱油试样的烧蚀情况较饱水和自然状态更严重。但对于产生的裂纹数量，尺寸以及方向等方面的控制尚需进一步的工作。