PVC薄膜—尼龙织物复合用胶粘剂的研制

介绍 PVC 薄膜—尼龙织物复合用胶粘剂试制的情况。主要包含胶粘剂主体聚合物、增粘组分、增塑剂、反应促进剂及其它助剂的选择。并阐述了胶粘剂的放大试验情况及应用工艺条件。     

The structure of model coatings: latex-bound plastic pigment coatings

The immobilization and consolidation of model coatings based on monodisperse polystyrene (plastic pigment) and S/B latexes of known particle sizes were studied in terms of their packing volumes and the extent of latex shrinkage, which was found to increase with increasing pigment volume up to the critical pigment volume concentration (CPVC). The maximum latex shrinkage was estimated from the CPVC. Then, the porosity of model coatings was calculated based on three proposed latex shrinkage models: maximum, minimum, and linearly decreasing latex shrinkage. The number of pores and the average equivalent spherical pore diameters were subsequently calculated. The opacity and gloss of model coatings on polyester films were measured and their porosity was also determined by a simple coat weight-thickness method. The CPVC values determined by the opacity, gloss, and porosity versus PVC relationships, respectively, agreed very well with each other. The CPVCs determined by the opacity and porosity versus PVC curves were identical. The comparison between the theoretically calculated and experimental porosity values showed that the linearly decreasing value between the maximum and minimum latex shrinkage would best fit the experimental porosity data. The effect of plastic pigment particle size on the optical properties and porosity of model coatings was also studied and it was observed that the coating opacity and porosity increased with increasing plastic pigment particle size, but the gloss decreased. Additionally, a minimum crack-free temperature (MCFT) of latex-bound coatings was proposed to better predict the behaviors of latexes as pigment binders. The wet state of model coating dispersions, the surfaces of consolidated model coatings, and their internal structure were examined by both electron and atomic force microscopy, and their micrographs were found to be consistent with our immobilization and consolidation models.     

乳胶漆的PVC和CPVC

介绍了乳胶漆的PVC及CPVC和涂膜性能的关系;讨论了乳液的粒径大小、成膜温度等因素对CPVC的影响。     

SAN及MBS改性氯化聚氯乙烯的研究

研究了稳定体系、ＳＡＮ及ＭＢＳ对氯化聚氯乙烯共混物力学性能、耐热性及加工行为的影响。结果表明：采用钡／镉复合稳定体系可获得较好的综合性能；提高ＭＢＳ用量可以增加共混物的冲击强度和断裂伸长率，耐拉伸强度下降；ＳＡＮ用量增加，共混物的拉伸强度上升，而冲击强度和断裂伸长率下降，加入ＳＡＮ和ＭＢＳ。共混物的耐热性略有下降，但能改善共混物的辊上加工行为。     

涂料PVC对涂料配套的影响

试制了环氧底漆用于复涂实验，考察了不同PVC含量对于复涂实验结果的影响。结果表明，PVC含量高于CPVC的环氧底漆上复涂时，会引起所复涂涂料起泡的漆膜缺陷。     

Preparation of microporous chlorinated poly(vinyl chloride) membrane in fabric and the characterization of their pore sizes and pore‐size distributions

Chlorinated poly(vinyl chloride) (CPVC)/poly(vinyl pyrrolidone) (PVP) membranes were prepared by using the solvent system tetrahydrofuran (THF)/n‐butyl alcohol (n‐BA) to investigate the possibility of pore size and pore‐size distribution control. The coagulation of CPVC/PVP solution was induced by the exposure to water vapor at 25 (±0.5)°C. The average pore diameter, d_p, and the size distribution of pores on the surface of the membrane were quantified through the image analyzer from the images visualized by field emission scanning electron microscope (FE‐SEM). Surface pore size and distribution of the prepared CPVC/PVP membrane were strongly affected by the relative humidity (RH) in the environment and the content of PVP used as an additive. Particularly, in the case of CPVC membrane without PVP, the mean pore size was 0.15–0.2 μm, depending on the RH. The pore distribution became broad with the increase of the RH. The membranes had open pores as confirmed by the hydraulic permeation experiment. In addition, the water flux and membrane resistance (R_m) were greatly affected by the composition of polymer solution and the RH. © 2002 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 86: 1195–1202, 2002     

氯化聚氯乙烯与聚氯乙烯共混物性能的研究

通过改变CPVC/PVC的树脂组成,研究了共混物的外观、耐热性、阻燃消烟性以及物理力学性能.结果表明,少量的CPVC树脂也会影响共混物的稳定性;只有CPVC含量大于60%,才能有效地改善共混物的耐热、阻燃等性能.     

氯化聚氯乙烯合金的制备

利用ACR、CPE和EVA作为加工助剂和抗冲改性剂与CPVC共混。对合金的性能作了测试。并对CPVC加工用的配方和工艺条件进行了探讨。结果表明：ACR(最佳用量为5份)能够改善CPVC的加工性能；CPE(最佳用量为9份)和EVA(最佳用量为5份)能提高合金的韧性。     

微波接枝CPVC改性秸秆纤维/HDPE复合材料的界面性能

利用微波接枝CPVC复配偶联剂处理秸秆纤维表面,采用光学法液滴形态分析系统测定处理前后秸秆微粉的动态接触角及表面能变化,并制备相应的复合材料进行力学性能测试.研究结果表明:微波接枝CPVC复配偶联剂界面改性方法对秸秆纤维有较好的改性效果,改性后秸秆纤维的平衡接触角θe由74.65.上升至98.96.,从明显的亲水性转变为疏水性;而表面能则有不同程度减小,改性后秸秆纤维表面能(23.68 mJ/m2)低于HDPE基体(28.61 mJ/m2);经微波接枝CPVC改性后秸秆纤维复合材料保持了良好的力学性能.较透彻地了解秸秆纤维复合材料的复合界面特性及其复合机理,设计和制造不同性能、满足不同应用领域要求的纤维复合材料产品,是秸秆纤维复合材料研究工作者至今仍在继续探索的重要研究领域.     

磷酸盐作为助稳定剂的CPVC热稳定性研究EI

用电导法、紫外-可见光谱法与Brabender流变仪综合评价磷酸氢二钠分别与有机锡、铅类稳定剂协同作用于氯化聚氯乙烯的热稳定效果,结果表明,磷酸钠盐的使用量在1～3份时可获得较好的稳定效果。同时还探讨了上述体系的协同稳定机理是吸收HCl,使主稳定剂减少消耗以及降低稳定反应副产物的有害作用。