用迁移率和载流子浓度研究碲镉汞中的深能级

获得了一种研究碲镉汞深能级的方法。通过分析迁移率 载子浓度与温度的关系，可以得到关于深能级的重要依据。     

高阻值Cd1-xZnxTe晶体的生长及其性能测试

通过适当的工艺措施，采用Bridgman法生长了直径为30mm的X射线及γ射线探测器级的Cd.9Zn0．1Te晶锭．测试结果表明：该晶锭结晶质量良好，位错密度低，成分均匀，杂质含量低，红外透过率和电阻率都十分接近本征Cd.9Zn0．1Te的值．并从晶体的生长特性、缺陷和杂质的角度，分析了生长高性能晶体的条件，研究了生长Cdl-xZnxTe晶体的x值与缺陷和杂质浓度之间的关系．     

Alleviation Effect of Lanthanum on Cadmium Stress in Seedling Hydroponic Culture of Kidney Bean and Corn

Since1970s,rare earths(RE)have been exten-sively used as micro-fertilizers for crops in China.Ithas already been proved that REcani mprove the pro-duction and quality of crops.However,there havebeen a fewinvestigations about using RE as regulatorin pollution ecology.For example,An et al[1]studiedthe effects of O3on wheat growth and the protectiveeffect of RE.Yan and Zhou et al[2,3]discussed theprotective effect of RE on plants under acid rainstress.Jia et al[4]and Hu et al[5]reported th…     

硫硒化镉大红釉的研究

综述了硫硒化镉大红釉的研究状况，分析了各种充硒化镉釉制备方法的优缺点。提出了独特的硫硒化镉系列色釉的制备工艺－－多熔块反应法。     

钾对土壤镉有效性的影响及其机理

分析了不同用量钾肥对土壤镉有效性的影响,采用盆栽与等温吸附试验,研究了镉污染赤红壤上,施用钾肥对小油菜生物量、镉吸收量与土壤溶液中钾、镉含量及土壤镉吸附等的影响.结果表明:无论是低镉还是高镉污染水平,与对照相比,小油菜干质量均以高钾用量增幅最大,两季平均增加分别为16.6%(低镉)和17.7%(高镉).在低、高镉两种污染水平下,增加钾肥的施用量,土壤溶液中钾含量明显增加,小油菜体内钾含量也明显增加.钾肥施用量为195 mg/kg时,土壤溶液中镉含量最高,较对照分别增加2.80%(低镉)与23.7%(高镉);而小油菜体内镉含量较对照平均分别增加10%(低镉)和45.9%(高镉).钾离子与镉共存时,明显改变土壤吸附镉的能力,与钠体系相比,钾体系赤红壤的总吸附容量降低了31.3%.钾与镉共存时,土壤对镉的吸附作用明显影响小油菜对镉的吸收,是控制土壤镉有效性的关键因子.     

含氮大分子吸附剂的制备及其对Cd(II)的吸附

利用三聚氯氰的温度梯度反应活性,在较低温度下,用多乙烯多胺与三聚氯氰进行亲核取代反应,合成出一种以三嗪环为连接点的不溶含氮大分子颗粒吸附剂(N-MGA),并将其用于去除水体中的Cd(Ⅱ).通过元素分析、FTIR和SEM对N-MGA进行表征,同时对Cd(Ⅱ)的吸附进行吸附动力学、等温吸附模型拟合和吸附机理进行研究,考察了溶液pH对Cd(Ⅱ)吸附性能的影响、吸附剂的吸附-解吸再生循环性能及结构稳定性.结果表明,该吸附剂对Cd(Ⅱ)的吸附机理是利用吸附剂氨基上氮的孤对电子与Cd(Ⅱ)的配位络合作用进行吸附,且吸附过程符合准二级动力学模型和Langmuir吸附等温线模型,最大吸附量可达539.1 mg/g,且对Cd(Ⅱ)的吸附较为容易,吸附能力较强;在Cd(Ⅱ)初始质量浓度为3636.5和70.0 mg/L时,对Cd(Ⅱ)的吸附率分别可达97.5％和99.9％,且10次吸附-解吸再生循环中吸附率维持在97.0％～98.2％,解吸率均在97.6％以上,吸附剂回收率均在92.0％以上.     

Characterization of nanostructured Cr2Nx/Cu multilayers deposited by reactive DC magnetron sputtering

Nitride/metal nanostructured multilayers of Cr₂N_x/Cu were deposited by reactive DC magnetron sputtering with various bilayer periods (2.5-30 nm) and substrate temperatures (25-400 °C). All films had a total thickness of about 470 nm and the overall chemical composition of the chromium nitride layers was close to Cr₂N_0.8. The deposited films were characterized by Rutherford Backscattering (RBS), low-angle X-ray reflectivity (XRR), high-angle X-ray diffraction (XRD) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). The hardness and elastic modulus were measured by nanoindentation. The films deposited at 25 °C had a well-defined multilayer structure and the chromium nitride layers were found to crystallize into N-deficient fcc CrN_0.4 with traces of hexagonal Cr₂N_0.8. The layers were strongly textured with fcc CrN_0.4[002] and Cu[002] oriented along the growth direction — the fcc CrN_0.4 and Cu grains growing with a cube-on-cube relationship. The measured hardness values were about 8 GPa, and showed no dependence on the bilayer period. Higher deposition temperatures caused the multilayer structure to degrade, and at 400 °C the films were better described as non-textured nanocomposites with the chromium nitride crystallized entirely into the equilibrium hexagonal Cr₂N_0.8 structure. Hardness values of the high-temperature films in the range of 4-8 GPa were measured. Multilayer films deposited at 25 °C were found to be thermally stable against post-deposition annealing at temperatures up to about 400 °C. Annealing at 500 °C caused severe structural changes — the fcc CrN_0.4 phase transformed into hexagonal Cr₂N_0.8 accompanied by degradation of the periodic multilayer structure. The hardness decreased from the originally 8 GPa to about 5 GPa upon annealing.     

Determination of lysozyme at the nanogram level in chicken egg white using Resonance Rayleigh-scattering method with Cd-doped ZnSe quantum dots as probe

A new method for the determination of lysozyme with high sensitivity based on Resonance Rayleigh scattering (RRS) by using Cd doped ZnSe quantum dots (QDs) as a probe was proposed in this experiment. Cd doped ZnSe QDs capped with glutathione were prepared in the water phase. Further, the RRS spectrum, transmission electron microscope, and absorption spectrum of the QDs-lysozyme system have been characterized. In addition, the effects of several factors on scattering intensities were investigated, including pH value of solution, amount of QDs, mixing sequence of each reagent and the coexisting substances. Moreover, the possible mechanism for the RRS enhancement of Cd doped ZnSe QDs-lysozyme system was preliminary discussed. The RRS method for the determination of lysozyme has good sensitivity with the detection limits 6.5 × 10⁻¹⁰ g mL⁻¹. The contents of lysozyme were determined with recoveries of 97.1-101.6% and relativity standard deviation of 2.5-3.1%, respectively. It proved that the method established in our study is very sensitive, rapid, convenient and tolerant for the determination of lysozyme in synthetically and chicken egg white.     

氢氧化钠改性粉煤灰制吸附材料研究

以粉煤灰为原料制取水处理吸附材料。研究氢氧化钠浓度、回流时间、液固比、热处理时间和热处理温度对Cd2＋吸收率的影响。结果表明：氢氧化钠处理能显著提高粉煤灰的吸收能力;与未处理的粉煤灰相比,吸收率可由40．1％提高到80％以上：通过实验和分析得出氢氧化钠改性粉煤灰的较佳工艺条件：氢氧化钠浓度为3mol／L,回流时间为10h,氢氧化钠溶液与粉煤灰的液固比为6,热处理时间6h,热处理温度为90℃。     

High conductivity and transparent ZnO:Al films prepared at low temperature by DC and MF magnetron sputtering

Aluminum-doped zinc oxide thin films have been deposited by DC and MF magnetron sputtering from a ceramic oxide target in argon atmosphere without direct heating of the substrates. The samples were prepared at different predetermined conditions of input power or discharge voltage and the influence upon electronic, optical, and microstructural properties has been investigated. The as-deposited layers show low resistivity, such as 9 × 10^− 4 Ω cm minimum for DC excitation and 1.2 × 10^− 3 Ω cm for MF mode, with growth rates up to 130 nm/min, and resulting substrate temperatures always below 200 °C. Low resistivity of the films is combined with high transmission, 85-90% in the visible wavelength range (400-800 nm). A strong (002) texture perpendicular to the substrate has been found, with lower strain for DC than for MF sputtering.