Monitoring herbaceous fuel moisture content with SPOT VEGETATION time-series for fire risk prediction in savanna ecosystems

This paper evaluated the capacity of SPOT VEGETATION time-series to monitor herbaceous fuel moisture content (FMC) in order to improve fire risk assessment in the savanna ecosystem of Kruger National Park in South Africa. In situ herbaceous FMC data were used to assess the Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI), Normalized Difference Water Index (NDWI), Vegetation Dryness Index (VDI), Improved VDI (IVDI), and Accumulated Relative NDVI Decrement (ARND) during the dry season. The effect of increasing amounts of dead vegetation on the monitoring capacity of derived indices was studied by sampling mixed live and dead FMC. The IVDI was proposed as an improvement of the VDI to monitor herbaceous FMC during the dry season. The IVDI is derived by replacing NDVI with the integrated Relative Vegetation Index (iRVI), as an approximation of yearly herbaceous biomass, when analyzing the 2-dimensional space with NDWI. It was shown that the iRVI offered more information than the NDVI in combination with NDWI to monitor FMC. The VDI and IVDI exhibited a significant relation to FMC with R² of 0.25 and 0.73, respectively. The NDWI, however, correlated best with FMC (R² = 0.75), while the correlation of ARND and FMC was weaker (R² = 0.60) than that found for NDVI, NDWI, and IVDI. The use of in situ herbaceous FMC consequently indicated that NDWI is appropriate as spatio-temporal information source of herbaceous FMC variation which can be used to optimize fire risk and behavior assessment for fire management in savanna ecosystems.     

秦安县农村户用改进型沼气池建造的关键技术

近年来,随着我县农村户用沼气建设力度的不断加大,为缓解我县能源资源短缺的现状,通过对农村户用沼气池施工技术及工艺的改进,进行技术集成示范,总结出秦安农村户用改进型沼气池的建造技术,为该地区沼气事业的发展提供科学依据.     

Solvent extraction of oil from soybean flour II— pilot plant and two-solvent extractions

The process of grinding soybeans to a fine flour and extracting the flour with hexane was studied on a pilot plant scale. The crude oil from the pilot plant study had 15 ppm phosphorus and was suitable for physical refining after a light acid pretreatment and bleaching. The refined oil showed a Lovibond color of 1.4 yellow and 0.3 red. The pilot plant study also showed that grinding of the soybeans and the separation of solid from miscella were the most difficult steps in solvent extraction with fine flour. A laboratory study on separation of miscella from meal by aqueous ethanol reduced the hold-up volume, but it did not remove all the miscella. A test with betacarotene showed that only the miscella outside the flour particles was displaced. Aqueous ethanol solutions used as a second solvent extracted additional nontriglyceride materials (primarily phospholipids) from the meal. Also, the free fatty acid content of the oil was increased with aqueous ethanol solution wash. The quality of the extracted crude oil was lowered by using a second solvent, but it had the advantage of needing only one centrifugation to separate miscella from meal.     

车载自组织网络分布式入侵检测算法研究

随着汽车产业的发展,汽车给我们带来便利的同时也给我们带来一系列的问题,例如交通拥堵、交通安全等。为了解决这些问题车载自组织网络应运而生。但是车载自组织网络中信息安全问题一直存在,采用分布式入侵检测模型和基于此模型下的改进随机森林分类算法可以很好地解决这个问题。     

冷X块注气先导试验数值模拟研究

冷X区块经过2006年注水开发阶段后已大面积开发,含油总面积3.5km2、地质储量3.19×106 t。冷X油藏物性差,平均渗透率在15×10-3μm2,属于典型的深层低渗透油藏,该区块注水开发效果差,开展注空气驱研究具有非常重要的意义。针对冷X块注气井组的地质特征,利用多组分模型软件,完成了三维地质模型的建立,生产历史拟合和动态预测等。该油藏通过注空气开采,能大幅度地提高该区块的原油采收率。     

基于离散小波变换的改进SPIHT算法研究

随着现代信息社会对通信业务要求的不断增长,图像通信与通信容量的矛盾日益突出。为了缓解网络带宽的不足、加快图像信息的传播速度,对于基于高比率的图像压缩算法的研究很有必要。目前比较流行的多级树集合分裂算法压缩效果比较好,输出的比特流较少,但是需要对内存中的数据反复的读取,且反复的在链表结构中扫描不重要系数,增加内存的负担及软硬件实现的复杂度,从而降低了编码的效率。本文针对多级树集合分裂算法的缺点提出了一种基于离散小波变换的改进的多级树集合分裂算法,通过对小波系数排序过程的调整,减少了对内存反复的读取操作,减轻了对内存造成的负担,提高了编码的效率。     

An energy-efficient multi-objective integrated process planning and scheduling for a flexible job-shop-type remanufacturing system

This study considers an energy-efficient multi-objective integrated process planning and scheduling (IPPS) problem for the remanufacturing system (RMS) integrating parallel disassembly, flexible job-shop-type reprocessing, and parallel reassembly shops with the goal of realizing the minimization of both energy cost and completion time. The multi-objective mixed-integer programming model is first constructed with consideration of operation, sequence, and process flexibilities in the RMS for identifying this scheduling issue mathematically. An improved spider monkey optimization algorithm (ISMO) with a global criterion multi-objective method is developed to address the proposed problem. By embedding dynamic adaptive inertia weight and various local neighborhood searching strategies in ISMO, its global and local search capabilities are improved significantly. A set of simulation experiments are systematically designed and conducted for evaluating ISMO’s performance. Finally, a case study from the real-world remanufacturing scenario is adopted to assess ISMO’s ability to handle the realistic remanufacturing IPPS problem. Simulation results demonstrate ISMO’s superiority compared to other baseline algorithms when tackling the energy-aware IPPS problem regarding solution accuracy, computing speed, solution stability, and convergence behavior. Meanwhile, the case study results validate ISMO’s supremacy in solving the real-world remanufacturing IPPS problem with relatively lower energy usage and time cost.     

基于OpenCV的改进两步法摄像机标定

采用改进两步法实现了摄像机的标定,并给出基于OpenCV算法,充分发挥了OpenCV的函数库功能。对两步标定法的改进是在原两步法得到摄像机参数值的基础上,用非线性优化算法对所有参数进一步优化,得到最终参数值,既提高了摄像机标定精度和计算效率,又无需对摄像机像面中心预标定,简化了标定过程。     

融合微粒群的多种群协同进化免疫算法

提出一种融合微粒群的多种群协同免疫优势克隆选择算法(PMCICA).该算法将生态学中的协同进化思想引入人工免疫算法中,各子种群内部通过免疫优势克隆选择操作加快了种群收敛速度;所有子种群共享经过改进微粒群优化的高层优良库,实现了整个种群信息共享与协同进化.针对旅行商问题(TSP)的多个实验结果表明,该算法在收敛速度与最优解等方面均取得了较好的效果.     

A novel approach for analog fault diagnosis based on neural networks and improved kernel PCA

We have developed a neural-network-based fault diagnosis approach of analog circuits using maximal class separability based kernel principal components analysis (MCSKPCA) as preprocessor. The proposed approach can detect and diagnose faulty components efficiently in the analog circuits by analyzing their time responses. First, using wavelet transform to preprocess the time responses obtains the essential and reduced candidate features of the corresponding response signals. Then, the second preprocessing by MCSKPCA further reduces the dimensionality of candidate features so as to obtain the optimal features with maximal class separability as inputs to the neural networks. This simplifies the architectures reasonably and reduces the computational burden of neural networks drastically. The simulation results show that our resulting diagnostic system can classify the faulty components of analog circuits under test effectively and achieves a competitive classification performance.