Purification and structural characterisation of lipid transfer protein from red wine and grapes

Lipid transfer proteins (LTP) play a major role in plant defence and are of particular interest due to their known ability to cause allergic reactions. These proteins are expressed in grapes and also remain detectable after vinification, especially in red wine. However, it remains unknown whether the protein undergoes any changes during the vinification process. Here, we present a purification method for LTPs from Dornfelder grapes and wine. By liquid-chromatography–mass spectroscopy (LC–MS/MS) we identified LTPs from two different species (Vitis vinifera and Vitis aestivalis). Additionally, the purified LTPs were characterised using spectrometric methods, confirming their high purity and structural stability during vinification. We conclude that LTPs are resistant to the alcohol content (13.5 vol%), acidic milieu of wine and other ingredients present during the vinification process, indicating that the allergenic potential of grape LTP is not diminished by the vinification process.     

CMM的过程数据库和过程能力基线

CMM是评估软件能力与成熟度的一套标准，它侧重于软件开发过程的管理和工程能力的提高与评估。过程数据库PDB和过程能力基线PCB是CMM的两个机制，通过研究它们，有利于实现CMM3和CMM4中的一些重要指标。PCB有助于过程的分析和改进。本文着重讨论了PDB的概念和内容；讨论了PCB的具体定义；并根据Infosys公司的资料推出PCB以及它与统计过程控制的关系；介绍了PCB在过程改进和分析中的应用。本文对CMM的实施有一定指导意义。     

GaAs平面掺杂势垒二极管

二极管是定向检波器的重要组件,提高定向检波器的检波灵敏度,需要降低二极管的开启电压.而平面掺杂势垒(PDB)二极管具有极低的势垒高度,适合制作定向检波器.设计了GaAs平面掺杂势垒二极管的材料结构,并采用金属有机化合物气相淀积(MOCVD)方法对其进行外延生长.对PDB二极管的物理模型进行了理论分析.通过模拟计算和实验分析了本征层厚度和p层的面电荷密度对PDB二极管I-V特性的影响.通过实验设计优化了材料结构参数,测试了其I-V特性,使PDB二极管的开启电压降低到了0.06 V,将此样品应用到定向检波器中测得检波灵敏度为20～ 25 mV/mW.     

‘All That Glitters Is Not Gold’: High-Resolution Crystal Structures of Ligand-Protein Complexes Need Not Always Represent Confident Binding Poses

Our understanding of the structure–function relationships of biomolecules and thereby applying it to drug discovery programs are substantially dependent on the availability of the structural information of ligand–protein complexes. However, the correct interpretation of the electron density of a small molecule bound to a crystal structure of a macromolecule is not trivial. Our analysis involving quality assessment of ~0.28 million small molecule–protein binding site pairs derived from crystal structures corresponding to ~66,000 PDB entries indicates that the majority (65%) of the pairs might need little (54%) or no (11%) attention. Out of the remaining 35% of pairs that need attention, 11% of the pairs (including structures with high/moderate resolution) pose serious concerns. Unfortunately, most users of crystal structures lack the training to evaluate the quality of a crystal structure against its experimental data and, in general, rely on the resolution as a ‘gold standard’ quality metric. Our work aims to sensitize the non-crystallographers that resolution, which is a global quality metric, need not be an accurate indicator of local structural quality. In this article, we demonstrate the use of several freely available tools that quantify local structural quality and are easy to use from a non-crystallographer’s perspective. We further propose a few solutions for consideration by the scientific community to promote quality research in structural biology and applied areas.     

组合箭头的绘制与编辑

AutoCAD具有强大的二次开发能力,非常适于用户开发专项的参数化设计程序。通过分析不同组合箭头的特点,在AutoCAD中,利用LISP及DCL语言开发了绘制及编辑各式组合箭头的专用程序,以提高工作效率。本程序适用于AutoCAD R14及其以后所有版本的CAD系统。     

应用ObjectARX工具进行二次开发的AutoCAD对话框设计

ObjectARX2000为AutoCAD最重要的开发工具。该文介绍了在Visual C＋＋6．0集成开发环境中,应用ObjectARX工具,进行二次开发设计AutoCAD2000的两种格式的对话框,一种是AutoCAD系统本身提供的可编程对话框技术PDB格式,另一种是使用Wmdows机制的对话框设计技术。探讨了其设计方法步骤及程序实现的过程。     

基于Java3D的蛋白质分子可视化工具的性能优化

该文通过一个基于Java3D技术的蛋白质分子可视化工具——HJMV,深入分析了用Java3D开发这类程序可能存在的性能问题,然后给出相应的解决方案,最后通过实验数据证明了HJMV满足了对性能的要求。     

Influences of pre-crash braking induced dummy – Forward displacements on dummy behaviour during EuroNCAP frontal crashtest

Combination of active and passive safety systems is a future key to further improvement in vehicle safety. Autonomous braking systems are able to reduce collision speeds, and therefore severity levels significantly. Passengers change their position due to pre-impact vehicle motion, a fact, which has not yet been considered in common crash tests. For this paper, finite elements simulations of crash tests were performed to show that forward displacements due to pre-crash braking do not necessarily increase dummy load levels. So the influence of different pre-crash scenarios, all leading to equal closing speeds in the crash phase, are considered in terms of vehicle motion (pitching, deceleration) and restraint system configurations (belt load limiter, pretensioner). The influence is evaluated by dummy loads as well as contact risk between the dummy and the interior.     

Distillation profiles in ternary heterogeneous mixtures with distillation boundaries

Distillation boundaries are created by saddle azeotropes and divide the composition space into distillation regions. In this study, the behavior of rectification profiles was investigated in the following heterogeneous systems: benzene, tert-butanol, water and ethanol, water, toluene. These systems were chose in order to scrutinize whether distillation regions overlapped. The experiments were performed using Distil (afterwards Conceptual Engineering) software from AspenTech, Inc. For each type of distillation column (staged and packed), a different pair of distillation boundaries is referred (TRB & PDB and SDB & PDB accordingly). Similar to homogeneous mixtures, distillation regions were found to overlap each other in heterogeneous mixtures. As a consequence, their common part was parametrically sensitive.     

利用ASI技术实现绘图参数与数据库的动态连接

文章阐述了将ＡＤＳＣ、ＡＳＩ技术和ＤＣＬ三者有机结合实现数据库方法的数据交换，可以根据绘图参数动态地创建、查询及更新数据库。