Investigation of the use of ram horn hydrolysate for fungal protein production

Production of the fungus Aspergillus niger NRRL 330 was studied in submerged fermentation with ram horn hydrolysate (RHH) as substrate. The characteristics of RHH have been reported previously. The RHH was enriched by addition of glucose and KH₂PO₄. The effects of kinetic parameters on the biomass yield of the fungus were investigated. The optimal conditions for growth of A niger on RHH were initial pH 6.5, temperature 30 °C, fermentation time 96 h and agitation speed 150 rpm. Under these optimal conditions the initial carbohydrate content of RHH was reduced from 1.52 to 0.2% and the biomass yield was 8.9 g l^?1. The biomass contained about 48.1% protein, 5.2% fat and 9.4% ash (on a dry weight basis). The amino acid content of the biomass was compared with Food and Agricultural Organisation (FAO) and animal feed standards. The protein produced contained all the essential amino acids for animal feed, but the amounts of these amino acids were somewhat lower than those of FAO and soybean reference protein. However, the amino acid composition of the biomass was better than that of animal feed. The results with RHH were also compared with previously reported data on fungal mycelium grown on waste liquor substrate. In conclusion, it was found that RHH could be used as a substrate in the production of fungal protein for use as animal feed. Copyright © 2003 Society of Chemical Industry     

Texture analysis of poly-adenylated mRNA staining following global brain ischemia and reperfusion

Texture analysis provides a means to quantify complex changes in microscope images. We previously showed that cytoplasmic poly-adenylated mRNAs form mRNA granules in post-ischemic neurons and that these granules correlated with protein synthesis inhibition and hence cell death. Here we utilized the texture analysis software MaZda to quantify mRNA granules in photomicrographs of the pyramidal cell layer of rat hippocampal region CA3 around 1 h of reperfusion after 10 min of normothermic global cerebral ischemia. At 1 h reperfusion, we observed variations in the texture of mRNA granules amongst samples that were readily quantified by texture analysis. Individual sample variation was consistent with the interpretation that animal-to-animal variations in mRNA granules reflected the time-course of mRNA granule formation. We also used texture analysis to quantify the effect of cycloheximide, given either before or after brain ischemia, on mRNA granules. If administered before ischemia, cycloheximide inhibited mRNA granule formation, but if administered after ischemia did not prevent mRNA granulation, indicating mRNA granule formation is dependent on dissociation of polysomes. We conclude that texture analysis is an effective means for quantifying the complex morphological changes induced in neurons by brain ischemia and reperfusion.     

毫米波宽带四加脊圆锥喇叭天线研究

本文利用有限单元法对毫米波宽带四加脊圆锥喇叭天线进行了理论分析和综合优化设计。对于这种形式的毫米波宽带天线在频率范围26—40G内的驻波分布情况进行了重点研究。并且，根据设计尺寸制作了一个实验样品，完成了有关实验，获得了满意的实验结果。     

磁介质涂层圆锥喇叭天线的设计方法

通过在圆锥喇叭内壁加磁介导涂层的方法，成功地设计了具有低副瓣、低交叉极化和方向图对称的喇叭天线。该磁介质涂层既是良导电体，又是良导磁体。通过选择合适的喇叭张角，该喇叭天线与波纹喇叭性能相同，而且比波纹喇叭设计简单。     

本质安全电路的功率判别式

基于本质安全电路的放电电流线性衰减模型，得到最大放电功率(Wmax)与放电能量(Wg)成正比，与电路时间常数(γ)成反比的结论．建立了电路本质安全性能的功率判别式，解释了小火花能够引爆气体而大火花却不能够引爆气体的现象，这是对常用的能量判别式的补充．指出在国家标准GB3836．4-2000中给出的最小点燃能量(Wmin)下，电路本质安全性能的能量判别式公式将不成立，而功率判别式照样成立．     

Numerical Simulation of Gas Flow During Arcing Process for 252 kV Puffer Circuit Breakers

A numerical simulation model for 252 kV puffer circuit breaker is constructed, by using a proven commercial computational fluid dynamics （CFD） package, PHOENICS...     

富勒烯C60的制备研究Ⅰ最佳制备条件的确定

以石墨、煤基炭为原料,电弧法制备富勒烯。考察了富勒烯的最佳制备条件,并对电弧蒸发下富勒烯的形成机理进行了讨论。实验结果表明,在电弧法制备富勒烯的过程中,一个适宜的温度场分布对于提高富勒烯的产率是很重要的,在本实验条件下,富勒烯的最佳制备条件为：氦气压力Ｐ＝ ０．０１８ ＭＰａ～０．０２ ＭＰａ,直流电流强度Ｉ＝ ８０ Ａ～１００ Ａ。     

基于三相五柱式消弧线圈接地电网的选线研究

分析了三相五柱式消弧线圈的工作原理和单相接地故障时各线路零序测量导纳的特征;结合该消弧线圈的补偿控制特点,提出了针对稳态接地故障的零序导纳增量最大值的接地选线方法;对于电弧性接地故障,利用故障时各线路零序暂态电流的特征,提出了暂态电流互积求和选线法;针对由电弧发展为稳态接地的故障,则综合利用上述两种方法进行综合选线。6kV电网模拟试验和挂网运行验证了该方法的准确性和可行性。     

微波场中铜粉烧结行为的初步研究

实验研究了铜粉在微波场中的烧结行为,并就微波场中烧结金属粉末压坯的机理进行了相关讨论。结果表明在微波场中铜粉压坯能被无氧化快速烧结;经微波烧结后铜粉压坯内外具有均匀的致密度。微波不仅通过涡电流作用烧结铜粉压坯,铜粉颗粒间产生的弧光效应也起着重要的作用。     

500kV断路器失灵保护优化

随着系统对故障的极限切除时间要求提高,断路器拒动对系统稳定性的影响变大。分析了开关固有分闸时间、燃弧时间、失灵动作元件返回时间等影响断路器失灵保护动作延时取值的主要因素及其时间分布特性,提出了断路器失灵保护动作延时及保护逻辑优化方案,并分析了缩短失灵保护动作延时可能带来的风险。