Distributed ledger technology in supply chains: a transaction cost perspective

With the emergence of distributed ledger technology (DLT), numerous practitioners and researchers have proclaimed its beneficial impact on supply chain transactions in the future. However, the vast majority of DLT initiatives are discontinued after a short period. With the full potential of DLT laying far down the road, especially managers in supply chain management (SCM) seek for short-term cost-saving effects of DLT in order to achieve long-term benefits of DLT in the future. However, the extant research has bypassed grounding long-term as well as short-term effects of DLT on supply chain transaction with empirical data. We address this shortcoming, following an abductive research approach and combining empirical data from a multiple case study design with the corresponding literature. Our study reveals that the effects of DLT on supply chain transactions are two-sided. We found six effects of DLT solutions that have a cost-reducing or cost avoidance impact on supply chain transactions. In addition, we found two effects that change the power distribution between buyers and suppliers in transactions and a single effect that reduces the dependency of supply chain transactions on third parties. While cost-reducing and avoidance as well as dependency-reducing effects are positive effects, the change in power distribution might come with disadvantages. With these findings, the paper provides the first empirical evidence of the impact of DLT on supply chain transactions, which will enable managers to improve their assessment of DLT usage in supply chains.     

Object-oriented DBMS requirements

The requirements on an object-oriented DBMS for management of information in a large, complex enterprise are presented. These requirements aid in the achievement of an environment characterized by data sharing, open architectures, application and data portability, and assurance of data integrity. They were defined from the point of view of a user of the DBMS; therefore they describe the expected functionality of the DBMS and do not specify the method of implementation to achieve this functionality. They encompass requirements on the data model, query and data manipulation languages, the system architecure, interfaces to the system, change management, and transaction management.     

传媒产品生产的外在性

因为价格机制不能正常运行和不能正常发挥作用,或者因为社会经济活动的相关性,传媒产品的生产出现外在性现象,社会成本问题不可避免.选择合适的产权制度安排,不仅能够消除传媒产品生产的外在性,而且有利于传媒资源的有效利用和传媒经济的不断发展.     

期货市场促进“铜冠”牌阴极铜创国际品牌

文章介绍了期货交易所由于其特殊的机制,而对其注册上市产品的质量提高有显著的促进作用,同时介绍了“铜冠”牌阴极铜在LME注册成功,取得进入国际市场通行证中的一些情况。     

An Object-Oriented Transaction Model

In object-oriented database systems(OOBSs),the traditional transaction models are no longer suitable because of the difference between the object-oriented data model(OODM)and the conventional data models(e.g.relational data model).In this paper,transction models for advanced database applications are reviewed and their shortcomings are analyzed.Exchangeability of operations is proposed instead of commuativity and recoverability for using more semantics in transaction management.As a result,an object-oriented transaction model(in short,OOTM)is presented.It is not modeled for some special application,but directly based on object-oriented paradigms.A transaction is regarded as an interpretation of a metho.Each transaction(even subtransactions)keeps relative ACID(Atomicity,Consistency,Isolation,Durability)properties,therefore the special problems appearing in OOBSs such as“long transactions”,“visibility of inconsistent database state”can be solved.     

与客户建立互惠互利长期稳定的营销关系

在我国加入WTO之后，国内钢铁企业与经销商之间如何实现互惠互利，并建立起长期稳定的营销关系。     

细节保持的曲面浅浮雕算法

为保持曲面浮雕的细节特征,改善浮雕与背景曲面的过渡效果,提出一种细节保持的曲面浮雕算法.首先采用Canny算子在梯度域定位内外轮廓,获得连续的梯度域;其次提出非线性函数,并用其压缩梯度幅值实现形状压缩;再通过双边滤波算子来保持和增强浮雕细节;最终通过求解积分方程重建曲面浮雕.该算法将背景曲面作为积分方程的优化条件,使浮雕在轮廓处向曲面光滑过渡;在重建过程中利用Fourier变换的微分性质在频域实现方程的精确求解,无需设置迭代收敛条件;通过调整参数可方便地控制浮雕整体变化范围、细节锐化程度以及浮雕与背景曲面的过渡效果.实验结果表明,文中算法参数的几何意义直观,所得曲面浮雕细节清晰,边界过渡自然.     

基于维间扩展和事务压缩的关联规则算法改进

Apriori是关联规则挖掘的经典算法,在利用该算法进行医疗数据挖掘的过程中,发现其频繁项集产生过程有一些不必要的开销,为此提出了改进算法Mypriori,利用维间扩展和事务压缩策略来提高频集发现的效率,并通过实验验证了算法的有效性.     

基于绿色证书交易机制的含风电场电力系统动态环境经济调度

为了促进风电消纳以及提高电力系统的经济性,构建基于绿色证书交易机制的含风电场电力系统多目标动态环境经济调度（DEED）模型,提出一种基于反向学习混沌搜索的OLCS-MOEA/D算法的DEED调度求解方法。首先,采用广义反向学习初始化种群提高种群多样性,并引入基于Logistic映射的混沌搜索算法以增强算法局部搜索能力。然后,为了验证算法的性能,采用标准测试函数F1—F7进行测试,同时将该算法对模型进行求解,获得了比其他算法范围更广和分布均匀的Pareto解集前沿。最后,对基于绿色证书交易机制的动态环境经济调度与传统动态环境经济调度进行结果对比分析,通过仿真算例验证该模型和算法的有效性和优越性。     

数字签名技术的应用

数字签名技术建立在公钥加密系统基础之上,可以检验数据传输过程中是否被篡改以及数据的真实性和完整性。利用其提供的安全保障机制,在某市自建的横向联网系统中实现了对交易报文在传递过程中的安全加密,从软件架构上进一步完善了系统的安全体系。