基于同构化信息融合的异构不确定多属性决策新模型与新算法

不确定多属性决策过程中,现有两大困难:(1)如何较好地表达和处理具有不确定性的属性评价信息;(2)如何将基于多样性评判准则的多准则评价结果进行信息融合,并获得更合理的综合评价结论.基于同构化思想,针对学术界最近才提出的一种能较好地处理具有多信息来源模糊信息的新数学模型"多值直觉模糊集模型",研究了多值直觉模糊集的隶属度与非隶属度的综合评判新课题与新方法;提出了兼有不确定语言型与区间型的异构风险型多属性决策新问题与新模型,构造了基于同构化信息融合的异构不确定多属性决策新模型与新算法.     

Looking out to look in: inspiration from social sciences for construction management research

In reaction to the recent call for critical debate in the field of construction management research, I argue that we should embrace the richness of adjacent fields of study in order to dynamically develop our own and face the plethora of contemporary societal challenges that exist in our industry. I introduce the concepts of other-than-rational thinking in decision-making and multiplicity in management responses as examples of inspirational sources from social sciences that would contribute to truly understanding the driving forces of construction management processes. I connect these concepts to contemporary studies in construction management and share my experiences with several positive collaborative approaches in conducting construction management research.     

Facial animation retargeting and control based on a human appearance space

Expressive facial animations are essential to enhance the realism and the credibility of virtual characters. Parameter‐based animation methods offer a precise control over facial configurations while performance‐based animation benefits from the naturalness of captured human motion. In this paper, we propose an animation system that gathers the advantages of both approaches. By analyzing a database of facial motion, we create the human appearance space. The appearance space provides a coherent and continuous parameterization of human facial movements, while encapsulating the coherence of real facial deformations. We present a method to optimally construct an analogous appearance face for a synthetic character. The link between both appearance spaces makes it possible to retarget facial animation on a synthetic face from a video source. Moreover, the topological characteristics of the appearance space allow us to detect the principal variation patterns of a face and automatically reorganize them on a low‐dimensional control space. The control space acts as an interactive user‐interface to manipulate the facial expressions of any synthetic face. This interface makes it simple and intuitive to generate still facial configurations for keyframe animation, as well as complete temporal sequences of facial movements. The resulting animations combine the flexibility of a parameter‐based system and the realism of real human motion. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

Development of a novel hand−eye calibration for intuitive control of minimally invasive surgical robot

Robotic-assisted surgical system has introduced a powerful platform through dexterous instrument and hand−eye coordination intuitive control. The knowledge of laparoscopic vision is a crucial piece of information for robot-assisted minimally invasive surgery focusing on improved surgical outcomes. Obtaining the transformation with respect to the laparoscope and robot slave arm frames using hand−eye calibration is essential, which is a key component for developing intuitive control algorithm. We proposed a novel two-step modified dual quaternion for hand−eye calibration in this study. The dual quaternion was exploited to solve the hand−eye calibration simultaneously and powered by an iteratively separate solution. The obtained hand−eye calibration result was applied to the intuitive control by using the hand−eye coordination criterion. Promising simulations and experimental studies were conducted to evaluate the proposed method on our surgical robot system. We extensively compared the proposed method with state-of-the-art methods. Results demonstrate this method can improve the calibration accuracy. The effectiveness of the intuitive control algorithm was quantitatively evaluated, and an improved hand−eye calibration method was developed. The relationship between laparoscope and robot kinematics can be established for intuitive control.     

Development of intuitions about support beyond infancy.

In a series of 3 experiments modeled after infant studies, 3- to- 6-year-old children’s intuitive knowledge about support was assessed. Different objects were shown either sufficiently supported or not. Children had to predict whether a block would remain standing on a platform upon release or make perceptual judgments about the possibility of a shown block-on-platform configuration. Overall, performance was strongly age-related and independent of task context. Sensitivity for the amount of contact between object and support was clearly evidenced for each of the age-groups tested and was almost perfect in 5- and 6-year-olds. By contrast, sensitivity for the proportion of an object’s volume positioned over the support was only marginally reliable in 3-year-olds and still far from perfect in 6-year-olds. It is concluded that basic intuitions about support undergo distinct developmental change beyond infancy and are not yet fully developed in kindergartners. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

Are intuitive eating and eating disorder symptomatology opposite poles of the same construct?

Two studies explored whether intuitive eating (i.e., eating based on physiological hunger and satiety cues rather than situational and emotional cues) is a distinct construct from low levels of eating disorder (ED) symptomatology among college women. Previous research has demonstrated that high levels of ED symptomatology are related to lower levels of well-being. Therefore, if intuitive eating is a distinct construct, then it should be associated with indices of well-being above and beyond the variance accounted for by ED symptomatology. Findings revealed that two intuitive eating components (i.e., eating for physical rather than emotional reasons and reliance on internal hunger and satiety cues) made unique contributions to each well-being measure, whereas the remaining intuitive eating component (i.e., unconditional permission to eat) overlapped substantially with low levels of ED symptomatology. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

A Behavioral Choice Model When Computational Ability Matters

This paper presents a model of how humans choose between mutually exclusive alternatives. The model is based on the observation that human decision makers are unable or unwilling to compute the overall worth of the offered alternatives. This approach models much human choice behavior as a process in which people seek to equate a less significant difference between alternatives on one dimension, thus leaving the greater one-dimensional difference to be differentiated as the determinant of the final choice. These aspects of the equate-to-differentiate model are shown to be able to provide an alternative and seemingly better account of the prominence effect. The model is also able to provide an explanation and prediction regarding the empirical violation of independence and transitivity axioms. It is suggested that the model allows understanding perplexing decision phenomena better than alternative models.     

基于设计实践的参数化与BIM

参数化与BIM这两个词越来越多地被建筑师们挂在嘴上,在中国从鲜有人知到谁都能说点,也就是过去三、五年的事情。时至今日,参数化已经成为复杂形体的代词,对于BIM的理解也是众说纷纭,有人甚至把参数化和BIM等"时髦"的词语罗列在一起,暴露了对于这些数字化技术应用背后本质和动机的错位。要想真正领悟什么是参数化,什么是BIM,以及二者之间的关系,就需要把参数化和BIM放到设计实践的语境下讨论。本文以广义的设计实践为媒介,先分别探讨如何全面理解参数化,BIM和设计?然后在此基础上,利用设计四方维度的哲学框架,详细阐述BIM与设计的关系、参数化与设计的关系、参数化和设计的关系,最后展望BIM与参数化的未来。本文结尾,提出无论是参数化还是BIIM,他们都是过程和途径,不是目的,只有正确理解它们和建筑设计之间的关系,才能在提升设计团队工作效率和质量的同时,不限制设计师个体源于经验和直觉的创造性。     

Getting a Grip on Your Feelings: Effects of Action Orientation and External Demands on Intuitive Affect Regulation.

The authors propose that volitional action is supported by intuitive affect regulation, defined as flexible, efficient, and nonrepressive control of own affective states. Intuitive affect regulation should be most apparent among action-oriented individuals under demanding conditions. Consistent with this, a demanding context led action-oriented individuals to down-regulate negative affect in self-reports (Study 1), in an affective Simon task (Study 2), and in a face discrimination task (Study 3). In line with the idea that intuitive affect regulation is guided by top-down self-regulation processes, intuitive affect regulation in a face discrimination task was mediated by increases in self-accessibility (Study 3). No parallel effects emerged among action-oriented participants in a nondemanding context or among state-oriented participants. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2011 APA, all rights reserved)     

基于直觉模糊的城市灾害应急管理综合能力评估

城市灾害应急管理综合能力是衡量一座城市未来发展前景的重要指标。针对城市灾害应急管理的主要特点,运用直觉模糊集的有关知识,对城市灾害应急管理综合能力进行了评估。依据城市灾害应急管理的框架结构,构建了综合能力评价指标并针对此评估体系的特点采用基于直觉模糊集的评估方法。最后,以我国3个不同地区的城市为例对各城市的灾害应急管理能力进行了评估。