Effective lightning protection schemes for distribution line

The causes of lightning outage are subdivided into direct lightning strokes and induced lightning strokes, which are identified by the characteristics of the lightning overvoltage. In the past, lightning protection devices were directed mainly toward the latter, and attention has been focused on the installation of lightning protection devices, ground wires, and reinforcement of insulators. However, lightning outages continue to occur. Thus it is extremely important to clarify the fault characteristics of lightning surges and to study the effectiveness of various lightning protection devices by considering both direct lightning stroke and induced lightning stroke in order to prevent lightning outage in the future. In this research, the electromagnetic transients program (EMTP) has been applied to the direct lightning stroke, and the induced lightning outage analysis program for multiple conductor systems has been applied to the induced lightning stroke to study the effectiveness of lightning protection devices provided by combination of various lightning protection devices. The most effective lightning protection schemes are analyzed and evaluated based on verification tests on the full scale models as well as economic considerations.     

雷电冲击电流测试系统研究

目的 研究雷电冲击电流测试系统，方法 用无感电阻网络分流器测量雷电冲击电流，并进测量重复性、线性度试验和阶跃波响应试验。结果与结论 所研制的无感电阻网络分流器符合国家标准GB/T7626.5-1999和国际电工委员会标准IEC61000-4-5的要求，且可用于KV级脉冲大电流的测量和雷电浪涌（冲击）模拟器短路电流的波形校准。     

浅述通信电源系统的防雷与接地

对雷电的发生及危害，尤其对通信电源设备的危害进行了分析，并论述了怎样对设备进行防雷保护。同时介绍了接地系统的分类、技术要求与建造方法等。     

水文自动测报系统防雷的探讨

水文自动测报系统若配备有线／无线（GSM，GPRS）双通道，可提高系统的可靠性，保证系统的畅通。然而，有线组网方式最致命弱点是防雷能力差，针对防雷问题，在实践中探讨其有效途径，论述接地装置的设计、安装中应注意的几个问题，并介绍在实践中电话线防雷从一级防护发展到三级防护，提高防雷的效果，有待在实践中，再认识，再提高。     

液动旋冲接头冲击功测试方法研究

液动旋冲接头性能参数是旋冲接头设计的主要依据之一，如何对液动旋冲接头的参数进行检测是非常重要的工作。在分析和比较了测试液动旋冲接头性能参数各种方法的基础上，选择了冲击力法来进行破岩液动旋冲接头的性能参数测试，以YD系列测力传感器为检测元件，建立了一套比较完善的自动检测系统。分析了影响单次冲击功测试的因素，得出了测试旋冲接头的性能参数的影响规律。     

Analysis of lightning surge propagation in wind farm

Wind power generation is expected to become more important in future distribution systems. Although several prospective reports such as IEC 61400‐24 and NREL SR‐500‐31115 indicate an insulation scheme and grounding design for lighting protection, there still seems to be too few investigations on the problems. This paper therefore discusses lightning surge analysis using a wind farm model with 2 or 10 ideal wind turbines. Changing parameters such as grounding resistance and lightning strike points, several cases were studied. As a result of the analysis using digital simulator ARENE, it is clear that the surge tends to propagate toward the end of a distribution line in a wind farm and there is the possibility of insulation accidents at the other wind turbines when lightning attacks a wind turbine. © 2007 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Electr Eng Jpn, 162(2): 30– 38, 2008; Published online in Wiley InterScience ( www.interscience.wiley.com ). DOI 10.1002/eej.20364     

阿尔塔什水利枢纽工程的防雷设计与探讨

每年中国因雷电造成的事故层出不穷,在水电站投运后,雷击所产生的巨大电流对设备及人身造成的伤害不可逆转,严重情况下甚至会造成机组停机,大面积停电,从而影响人民的生产生活。为了方便后续阿尔塔什水利枢纽工程防直击雷的设计,本文通过对电站避雷针及避雷线的设置及联合保护范围的研究,最终确定防雷方案,运用了“图形”代替“公式”的计算方法,并提出了“防雷裕度”的必要性。     

基于遗传算法的联合火力WTA问题研究

研究联合火力优化分配问题.联合火力是多种作战力量参战条件下的多武器-多目标对抗.由于火力分配受到多种条件的限制,分配方案又决定作战效果,而武器-目标分配(Weapon Target Assignment,WTA)是多个装备同类型武器的作战单元联合抗击多个目标进行的分配方法.针对WTA问题求解规模大和精度高的特点,传统算法均不能满足速度和精度的要求,在基本遗传算法的基础上,采用精英选择和动态遗传算子的改进算法,避免了过早收敛.利用WTA的数学模型进行仿真.仿真结果验证了算法的有效性.     

非致命打击武器系统内弹道模拟研究

为了实现对非致命防暴武器发射能量的调节并控制其终点效能,解决"近处不敢打,远处打不到"的问题,提出了恒量动能非致命打击武器系统这一全新理论,在选用了两相流内弹道模型的基础上,采用四阶龙格库塔法,利用MATLAB语言仿真技术进行编程测试,对改进型18.4mm防暴枪的内弹道进行数值仿真,并将模拟结果与实验结果进行分析比对,验证了内弹道模型和仿真结果的正确性,得到了发射过程中,膛内火药燃烧及燃气流动状态的变化规律,弄清了泄气孔位置、气室容积以及泄气孔半径对弹丸初速的影响规律,为非致命防暴武器的进一步发展打下了坚实的基础。     

10kV运行配电线路雷电感应过电压波形在线监测

雷电感应过电压是造成配电网故障的重要原因之一,针对雷电感应过电压波形特征不清晰的问题,作者采用过电压在线监测系统,对实际运行的佛山10kV富油甲线雷电感应过电压波形进行观测,根据波形特征给出了过电压的波形参数。结果表明,配电线路各相感应电压叠加在运行电压波形上,不同相上感应过电压与对应的回击电流在幅度、时间间隔和波形上都存在同时性,该线路观测的雷电感应电压波形表现为波头时间短、后续发生双极性高频振荡并逐渐转变为低频振荡的波形特点,首次回击感应过电压幅值大于后续回击过电压幅值,首次回击过电压的波头时间比后续过电压长,观测结果对于配电线路雷电保护具有重要意义。