Thermodynamic performance of O2/CO2 gas turbine cycle with chemical recuperation by CO2-reforming of methane

This paper proposes a novel power cycle system composed of chemical recuperative cycle with CO₂–NG (natural gas) reforming and an ammonia absorption refrigeration cycle. In which, the heat is recovered from the turbine exhaust to drive CO₂–NG reformer firstly, and then lower temperature heat from the turbine exhaust is provided with the ammonia absorption refrigeration system to generate chilled media, which is used to cool the turbine inlet gas except export. In this paper, a detailed thermodynamic analysis is carried out to reveal the performance of the proposed cycle and the influence of key parameters on performance is discussed. Based on 1 kg s⁻¹ of methane feedstock and the turbine inlet temperature of 1573 K, the simulation results shown that the optimized net power generation efficiency of the cycle rises up to 49.6% on the low-heating value and the exergy efficiency 47.9%, the new cycle system reached the net electric-power production 24.799 MW, the export chilled load 0.609 MW and 2.743 kg s⁻¹ liquid CO₂ was captured, achieved the goal of CO₂ and NO_x zero-emission.     

功热并供回热注水燃气轮机及其热力分析

对功热并供回热注水燃气轮机热力循环进行了基本定量分析，主要分析了注水率和压力对比功和供热量的影响。以总能利用率和当量火用效率为评价准则讨论了注水率和压比对循环性能的影响。     

基于回热循环的燃气轮机发电系统技术分析

为了提高燃气轮机系统的热力学性能．燃气轮机高温排气中的废热必须加以利用．这样就出现了各种各样的基于开式燃气轮机的回热循环的系统结构。本文对采用不同方式进行回热的燃气轮机循环的工作原理和性能特点进行了比较分析，从而为未来的燃气轮机发电系统的选择提供参考。     

Comparison study of thermochemical waste-heat recuperation by steam reforming of liquid biofuels

The concept of thermochemical exhaust heat recuperation by steam reforming of biofuels is considered. Thermochemical recuperation can be considered as an on-board hydrogen production technology. A schematic diagram of a fuel-consuming equipment with thermochemical heat recuperation is described. The thermodynamic analysis of the thermochemical recuperation systems was performed to determine the efficiency of using various fuels, in particular, methanol, ethanol, n-butanol, and glycerol. The thermodynamic analysis was performed by Gibbs free energy minimization method and implemented using the Aspen Hysys program. The thermodynamic analysis was performed for a wide temperature range from 400 to 900 K, for steam-to-fuel of 1, and pressures of 1 bar. The maximum fuel conversion reaches for the following temperatures: methanol - 600 K, ethanol - 730 K, n-butanol - 860 K, glycerol - 890 K. The dependence of the reforming enthalpy on temperature is determined. It was shown that the reaction enthalpy determines the heat transformation coefficient, which shows the ratio of the low heat value of synthetic fuel and the low heat value of the initial fuel. For all studied fuels, the maximum value of the transformation coefficient is observed for steam reforming of ethanol and the maximum heat transformation coefficient is 1.187. The temperature range is determined at which the maximum efficiency of the use of thermochemical recuperation occurs due to the reforming of biofuels. For methanol, the effective temperature is about 600 K, for ethanol is about 700 K, for n-butanol is 850 K, for glycerol is more than 900 K. The results obtained make it possible to efficiently select the type of fuel for thermochemical recuperation due to steam reforming.     

一氧化碳余热锅炉的改造及其效果分析

本文就我公司CO锅炉自运行以来存在的问题进行了阐述,并通过实施改造封闭折焰角,增加了空气预热器。增设低低温过热器及吹灰器等手段,达到了良好目的。对装置的平稳运行和节能降耗起到了关键作用。     

电熔炉余热利用

设计了利用电熔炉产生的余热加热软化循环水装置,加热的软化循环水可以用来洗浴等,以此替代锅炉烧水,实现节能。     

Thermodynamic equilibrium analysis of combined dry and steam reforming of propane for thermochemical waste-heat recuperation

The thermochemical waste-heat recuperation is one for perspective way of increasing the energy efficiency of the fuel-consuming equipment. In this paper, the thermochemical waste-heat recuperation (TCR) by combined steam-dry propane reforming is described. To understand the influence of technological parameter such as temperature and composition of inlet gas mixture on TCR efficiency, thermodynamic equilibrium analysis of combined steam-dry propane reforming was investigated by Gibbs free energy minimization method upon a wide range of temperature (600–1200 K) and different feed compositions at atmospheric pressure. The carbon and methane formation was also calculated and shown. From a thermodynamic perspective, the TCR can be used for increasing energy efficiency at temperatures above 950 K because in this range the maximum conversion rate is reached (from 1.22 to 1.30 for the different feed composition). Approximately 10 mol of synthesis gas can be generated per mole of propane at the temperatures greater than 1000 K. Furthermore, the propane conversion rate and yield of hydrogen are increased with the addition of extra steam to the feed stock. Also, undesirable carbon formation can be eliminated by adding steam to the feed. The thermodynamic equilibrium analysis was accomplished by IVTANTHERMO which is a process simulator for thermodynamic modeling of complex chemically reacting systems and several results were checked by Aspen-HYSYS.     

原油高温底水余热的回收

设计了原油预脱水采用换热器回收高温底水余热的方案,进行了换热器的热力计算,测算了设计方案的节能效益和经济效益,证明了该方案具有可行性。     

How to choose endothermic process for thermochemical waste-heat recuperation?

The thermochemical waste-heat recuperation (TCR) systems by steam reforming of various hydrocarbon fuels are considered. A method for determining the TCR systems efficiency is proposed. The methodology is based on the determination of the heat recuperation rate and heat transformation coefficient. TCR due to steam reforming of methanol, ethanol, glycerol, propane, and methane was analyzed. To obtain the initial data for energy analysis of TCR systems, the thermodynamic analysis was performed. With the help of Aspen HYSYS was determined the synthesis gas composition and reaction enthalpy for all investigated variants. The investigation was performed for a wide temperature range from 400 to 1200 K, for the steam-to-fuel ratio of 1, and pressures of 1 bar. It was established that TCR due to the steam reforming of ethanol, glycerol, and propane in the temperature range above 800 K, it is possible to achieve complete recuperation of the exhaust after the furnace. As a results of investigation, the practical recommendations were given for choosing endothermic reaction for the thermochemical waste-heat recuperation systems: in the temperature range up to 600 K for TCR it is necessary to choose a methanol steam reforming reaction; in the temperature range from 600 to 1000 K - the reaction of steam reforming of ethanol and glycerol; in the temperature range above 1000 K - the reaction of steam reforming propane and methane.     

维生素低温蒸发结晶单元的自回热设计及分析

针对传统维生素生产过程中的蒸发结晶单元耗能高、排放量大的特点,提出了一种基于自回热原理(self-heat recuperation technology, SHRT)的改进设计.利用能量分析和(火用)分析的方法对系统进行分析.并研究了最小传热温差的特性,以及压缩机的绝热效率和闪蒸进口过热度对系统能耗的影响.结果表明,利用自回热思想改进的蒸发结晶单元比传统过程所需的输入能减少了73.0%,输入(火用)减少了68.3%.在文中的条件下,潜热比显热有更大的利用空间,利用的潜热占总循环热量的93.5%.同时,最小传热温差的增大虽然会使需要的换热器的面积减小,但也会导致更大的能量输入.系统的能耗随着过热度的增大而增大,随着绝热效率的增大而减小.