软式操纵系统中张力调节器的设计研究

软式操纵系统是通过钢索张力来传递操纵力的,钢索张力的变化直接影响飞机的操纵性能。张力调节器就是使钢索在各种状态下保持张力恒定的一种调节装置。对张力调节器的原理、结构形式进行了综合论述,并结合设计实例来说明钢索张力调节器的设计过程及设计中各参数的选取原则。     

Simulated Microgravity Inhibits the Proliferation of Chang Liver Cells by Attenuation of the Major Cell Cycle Regulators and Cytoskeletal Proteins

Simulated microgravity (SMG) induced the changes in cell proliferation and cytoskeleton organization, which plays an important factor in various cellular processes. The inhibition in cell cycle progression has been considered to be one of the main causes of proliferation inhibition in cells under SMG, but their mechanisms are still not fully understood. This study aimed to evaluate the effects of SMG on the proliferative ability and cytoskeleton changes of Chang Liver Cells (CCL-13). CCL-13 cells were induced SMG by 3D clinostat for 72 h, while the control group were treated in normal gravity at the same time. The results showed that SMG reduced CCL-13 cell proliferation by an increase in the number of CCL-13 cells in G0/G1 phase. This cell cycle phase arrest of CCL-13 cells was due to a downregulation of cell cycle-related proteins, such as cyclin A1 and A2, cyclin D1, and cyclin-dependent kinase 6 (Cdk6). SMG-exposed CCL-13 cells also exhibited a downregulation of α-tubulin 3 and β-actin which induced the cytoskeleton reorganization. These results suggested that the inhibited proliferation of SMG-exposed CCL-13 cells could be associate with the attenuation of major cell cycle regulators and main cytoskeletal proteins.     

两类昆虫生长调节剂作用机制的比较

两种昆虫生长调节剂——几丁质合成抑制剂和非舀类蜕皮激素类似物虽然都是作用于蜕皮过程，但有着截然不同的作用机制，本文对这两种杀虫剂作用机制的研究进展进行了总结和比较。     

用于队列管理的模糊增益神经元自适应控制器

针对具有参数时变及非线性特性的网络拥塞控制系统,提出了一种模糊增益神经元主动队列管理算法(FNAQM). 采用路由器队列长度及数据流速作为拥塞度量,在检测当前拥塞信息的同时,预测未来拥塞的状况. 结合神经元控制和模糊控制的优点,利用单神经元计算数据包标记概率,采用有监督的Hebb学习规则在线调整加权系数. 设计的模糊控制器可动态调整神经元增益,能获得更好的控制性能. FNAQM具有结构简单、易于实现、自适应能力强等优点. 仿真实验结果表明,FNAQM能快速将队列调整至目标值,并维持较小的队列抖动,对动态数据流和非响应流具有良好的鲁棒性.     

Robust Adaptive Soft Landing Control of an Electromagnetic Valve Actuator for Camless Engines

This paper deals with a signal‐based robust adaptive approximation technique for a proportional derivative (PD) regulator which is applied to an electromagnetic valve actuator control for camless internal combustion engines. PD regulators generate very high spikes in the presence of unavoidable noise. These spikes cause high power dissipation and poor dynamic performance with a lack of precision. The presented method allows the reduction of the noise and not robust nonlinear uncertainties effects by using minimum variance analysis. The technique with which the PD regulator is approximated does not depend on the model of the controlled system. Hence, the technique is quite general and can be applied to any type of system. In addition, this paper describes a feasible real‐time self‐tuning of an approximated discrete PD regulator using a backward Euler technique. The main contribution of the paper is the presentation of an approximated PD controller using a minimum variance control strategy together with a weighted least squares method to adapt the parameters of this approximated controller. This control law realises a robust control technique with respect to the noise and nonlinear uncertainties. Moreover, a comparison with the approximate PD controller proposed in MATLAB by Mathworks is provided. The presented technique ensures a good dynamic performance, including low dissipation as well as accurate positioning and soft landing control.     

Differential regulation of redox proteins and chaperones in HbEβ-thalassemia erythrocyte proteome

Purpose: In (hemoglobin, Hb) HbEβ‐thalassemia, HbE (β‐26 Glu→Lys) interacts with β‐thalassemia to produce clinical manifestation of varying severity. This is the first proteomic effort to study changes in protein levels of erythrocytes isolated from HbEβ‐thalassemic patients compared to normal. Experimental design: We have used 2‐DE and MALDI‐MS/MS‐based techniques to investigate the differential proteome profiling of membrane and Hb‐depleted fraction of cytosolic proteins of erythrocytes isolated from the peripheral blood samples of HbEβ‐thalassemia patients and normal volunteers. Results: Our study showed that redox regulators such as peroxiredoxin 2, Cu‐Zn superoxide dismutase and thioredoxin and chaperones such as α‐hemoglobin stabilizing protein and HSP‐70 were upregulated in HbEβ‐thalassemia. We have also observed larger amounts of membrane associated globin chains and indications of disruption of spectrin‐based junctional complex in the membrane skeleton of HbEβ‐thalassemic erythrocytes upon detection of low molecular weight fragments of β‐spectrin and decrease in β‐actin and dematin content. Conclusion and clinical relevance: We have observed interesting changes in the proteomic levels of redox regulators and chaperons in the thalassemic hemolysates and have observed strong correlation or association of the extent of such proteomic changes with HbE levels. This could be important in understanding the role of HbE in disease progression and pathophysiology.     

Optimal Automatic Generation Control of Asynchronous Power Systems Using Output Feedback Control Strategy with Dynamic Participation of Wind Turbines

Abstract—This article presents the design of optimal output feedback automatic generation control regulators for an interconnected power system with dynamic participation of doubly fed induction generator based wind turbines. The power systems consist of plants with hydro-thermal turbines and are interconnected via parallel AC/DC links. Efforts have been made to propose optimal automatic generation control regulators based on feedback of output state variables, which are easily accessible and available for the measurement. The designed optimal output feedback automatic generation control regulators are implemented, and the system dynamic responses for various system states are obtained considering 1% load perturbation in one of the areas. The dynamic performance is compared with that obtained with optimal automatic generation control regulators designed using full state vector feedback. The pattern of closed-loop eigenvalues is also determined to test the system stability.     

基于遗传算法的PWM斩波变换器优化设计

基于遗传算法对斩波变换器的数学模型中的优化目标及约束因子进行分析,将每半个工频周期开关k次的斩波变换器的输出电压表示为傅里叶级数的形式,以最优开关角度为控制量,输出电压和谐波含量最小为目标,构成多目标优化问题。利用遗传算法求解非线性规划问题的优势,将遗传算法用于斩波变换器控制参数(开关角)的优化设计。优化结果表明,采用改进的遗传算法用于斩波变换器控制参数(开关角)的优化设计,能取得令人满意的结果。     

不同生长调节剂对果蔗产量和品质的影响研究(上)

研究结果表明:植物龙既能使果蔗显著增产,又能使果蔗增加甘蔗糖分,还能降低蔗茎纤维份而使蔗茎更加泡脆,是唯一可在果蔗生产上单独应用的生长调节剂;稀施美能使果蔗极显著增产、蔗茎纤维份降低而变得更泡脆,但却会使果蔗糖分轻微下降,故其要与植物龙配合施用才可在果蔗生产上应用;硕丰481能使果蔗增产极显著,纤维份含量降低,蔗茎泡度增加,但却会使果蔗糖分明显降低,故其也要与植物龙配合施用才可应用于果蔗生产;喜田宝能使果蔗显著增产,蔗茎泡度增加,但却会使果蔗糖分明显降低,也必须与植物龙配合施用才能在果蔗生产上应用;赤霉素能使果蔗明显增产,蔗茎变泡,但却会使果蔗糖分降低,也必须与植物龙配合施用才可在果蔗生产上应用。     

烯虫酯在储粮害虫防治中的研究和应用进展

储粮害虫对粮食及其制品造成的损失以减重、品质劣变为主。目前对储粮害虫防治主要使用熏蒸剂、防护剂等化学防治方法。随着害虫对化学杀虫剂的抗性不断增强,化学防治遇到前所未有的挑战。欧美国家已将昆虫生长调节剂引入害虫防控之中,其中包括保幼激素类似物-烯虫酯(methoprene)。本文综述了国内外对烯虫酯的研发历程、烯虫酯对储粮害虫的防控效果、昆虫的烯虫酯抗性对其防控效果的影响、保幼激素及其类似物作用机理、烯虫酯商业应用前景,以期为今后国内开展烯虫酯研究和应用提供参考。