现行规范对“锁住区”起点高度简化处理的影响

通过工程实例及理论分析 ,对横向风振“锁住区”问题进行了探讨 ,对《建筑结构荷载规范》(GB5 0 0 0 9— 2 0 0 1 )中有关这一方面内容存在的一些问题进行了分析 ,希望对工程设计人员能有所帮助     

Investigations of water inrushes from aquifers under coal seams

In many coal mines, limestone-confined aquifers underlie coal seams. During coal extraction from these mines, water inrushes occur frequently with disastrous consequences. This paper introduces the hydrogeological conditions of the coal mines and the potential water inrush disasters from aquifers under coal seams. It then presents the water inrush mechanism. The main factors which control water inrushes include strata pressure, mining size, geologic structures and the water pressure in the underlying aquifer. Analysis shows that reduction of confinement due to mining is the major cause of the water-conducting failure in the floor strata. The depth of the failure zone is strongly dependent on the mining width. This paper also presents field observation results of the water-conducting failure in the floor strata, and applies the finite element method coupled with stress-dependent permeability to analyze hydraulic conductivity enhancement due to coal extraction. Finally, theoretical and empirical methods to predict water inrushes are given, and technical measures for improving mine design and safety for coal extraction over aquifers are presented. These measures include fault and fracture grouting and mining method modification such as changing long-wall to short-wall mining.     

A novel method of suppressing the inrush current of transformers by using a series‐connected voltage‐source PWM converter

This paper proposes a novel method of suppressing the inrush current of transformers. A small‐rated voltage‐source PWM converter is connected in series to the transformers through a matching transformer. As the connected PWM converter serves as a resistor for the source current, no inrush phenomena occurs. The required rating of the PWM converter, which serves as the damping resistor for the inrush phenomena, is 1/400 that of the main transformers in single‐phase circuits. In three‐phase circuits, it is 1/900. The basic principle of the proposed method is discussed. Digital computer simulation is implemented to confirm the validity and excellent practicability of the proposed method using the PSCAD/EMTDC. A prototype experimental model is constructed and tested. The experimental results demonstrate that the proposed method can perfectly suppress the inrush phenomena. © 2006 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Electr Eng Jpn, 157(4): 56–65, 2006; Published online in Wiley InterScience ( www.interscience.wiley.com ). DOI 10.1002/eej.20174     

"Recovery of spatial alternation deficits following selective hippocampal destruction with kainic acid": Correction to Kesslak and Gage (1986).

Reports an error in "Recovery of spatial alternation deficits following selective hippocampal destruction with kainic acid" by J. Patrick Kesslak and Fred H. Gage (Behavioral Neuroscience, 1986[Apr], Vol 100[2], 280-283). In the aforementioned article, the degrees of freedom reported in the Results section are incorrect. In the sixth paragraph on page 281, the second sentence should read as follows: Results of the ANOVA indicated a significant effect for surgical treatments. F(2, 25)=25.44, p1986-21445-001.) Examined whether the sympathetic ingrowth of superior cervical ganglion (SCG) fibers sprouting into the hippocampus following kainic acid (KA) lesion of CA3 and CA4 pyramidal cells in male Sprague-Dawley rats would contribute to behavioral recovery. 31 Ss were trained on a forced-choice task. After reaching criterion performance levels, Ss received either KA (8 nM/0.4 μl) or saline injections into the hippocampus and were again tested on the forced-choice task. Half of the Ss had their SCG removed 35 days after injections, and all were again tested on the forced-choice task. Analysis of variance (ANOVA) showed Ss receiving KA took significantly longer to reach criterion following injections. Removal of the SCG after recovery reintroduced the performance deficit of KA-treated Ss on the alternation task; no other group showed any effect for SCG removal. Results indicate that the SCG may have a modulatory effect in behavioral recovery, although other mechanisms may also be operating. (22 ref) (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

高压大流量地下水隧道开挖超前帷幕注浆参数研究

锦屏水电站锦屏山隧道开挖中面临高压大流量地下水、且富水地段长(约占隧道全长的40%)的难题。为安全、可靠地进行隧道施工,以注浆材料的适应性、超前帷幕注浆的参数及工艺为研究对象,对浆液做了大量配合比试验,分析其流动性、物理力学性能和凝结时间。研究结果表明:用纯水泥进行单液浆帷幕注浆,其可注性好,可大大地提高注浆加固效果;纯水泥+双液浆对局部小的渗漏水具有很好的封堵效果。对于低于2 MPa的压力水,注浆压力取2~3倍的静水压力;对于高于5 MPa的压力水,注浆压力取净水压力加2~3 MPa。对于在2~5 MPa之间的压力水,注浆压力可灵活选取,但不宜超过7 MPa,注浆应采用孔内循环灌注的方式。地下水发生在断层破碎带时,超前帷幕注浆宜采用全断面帷幕;若出水段以溶蚀裂隙、断层、管道为主宜采用有针对性的局部超前帷幕注浆。该技术成功解决了锦屏山隧道高压大流量地下水封堵的难题,对富水地层地下隧洞施工具有重要参考价值。     

锦屏一级水电站大坝下游土石围堰基础涌水处理

大坝基坑围堰是保证大坝正常施工的重要临时建筑物。锦屏一级水电站大坝下游土石围堰在二道坝护坦基础开挖期间发生了基础覆盖层涌水,通过及时采取基坑渣料回填、对二道坝基坑下游开挖坡面实施反滤并压重、围堰坡脚基础加固及调整尾端护坦结构等措施,成功解决了围堰基础涌水及后续二道坝护坦设计和施工问题,保证了二道坝的安全运行。其施工经验可为类似水电工程围堰设计、施工提供借鉴。     

典型城市承压含水层区域性特性

为了避免基坑工程设计和施工中因没有处理好承压水影响而产生的基坑工程事故,研究承压含水层特性.以调查研究杭州钱塘江承压含水层特性为主,参考上海、武汉、北京、天津4个城市有关水文地质方面的研究材料,研究这5个城市的承压含水层特性.比较分析这5个城市的承压含水层埋深、厚度、水位、顶板厚度等特性,介绍各城市典型的工程实例、承压水处理方法及抽降承压水对地面沉降的影响.研究表明:杭州、上海两地潜水与承压水的越流效果不明显,可视条件选择全降水或隔渗帷幕结合减压降水;武汉地区承压含水层埋藏浅,上层承压水可以采用疏干的方法;北京、天津两地单层含水层和隔水层厚度较小,可以尝试自渗降水.     

F29断层突水危险性研究

为了研究断层在煤矿开采过程中的突水危险性,以F29断层为例,通过对水头压力、断层落差与倾角、矿山压力等主要突水因素进行分析,并且进行FLAC3D断层突水通道形成过程数值模拟分析,得出了F29断层局部具有突水危险性的结论,对过断层的安全采掘具有指导意义。     

矿井突水水源判别方法与应用

对目前广泛使用的矿井突水水源判别方法进行了综合评述.从整体而言,除了水化学分析方法外,其他方法都是以一定理论为基础,或构造最优函数,根据判别目标达到最优时的状态进行水源识别;或构造适当的区间,根据一定的法则使判别目标进入不同的区间,进行水源识别.样本较多时采用BP神经网络法,样本较少时采用SVM法会取得更好得预测效果.针对研究区实际状况,选择基于MATLAB的BP神经网络法进行突水预测,准确率达到91.67%,训练样本的选择和数量对预测结果影响较大.     

数值模拟法在隧道涌水量预测中的应用

隧道涌水量的预测是规划公路、铁路线路很重要的一个环节。随着隧道设计水平、施工技术的提高以及施工机械的进步,采用长大隧道乃至特长大埋深越岭隧道的设计方案越来越多,使隧道涌水量的预测问题变得日益突出和迫切需要解决。以某实际隧道工程为例,提出了运用水文地质数值模拟法计算隧道涌水量的新方法。将该地区的水文地质特征参数与现场监测数据选定后,可得到一种适用于该地区的水文地质地下水模型。通过与传统方法的预测结果比较后,证明了该方法的合理性。