Structural Aspects of P2-Type Na0.67Mn0.6Ni0.2Li0.2O2 (MNL) Stabilization by Lithium Defects as a Cathode Material for Sodium-Ion Batteries

A known strategy for improving the properties of layered oxide electrodes in sodium-ion batteries is the partial substitution of transition metals by Li. Herein, the role of Li as a defect and its impact on sodium storage in P2-Na_0.67Mn_0.6Ni_0.2Li_0.2O₂ is discussed. In tandem with electrochemical studies, the electronic and atomic structure are studied using solid-state NMR, operando XRD, and density functional theory (DFT). For the as-synthesized material, Li is located in comparable amounts within the sodium and the transition metal oxide (TMO) layers. Desodiation leads to a redistribution of Li ions within the crystal lattice. During charging, Li ions from the Na layer first migrate to the TMO layer before reversing their course at low Na contents. There is little change in the lattice parameters during charging/discharging, indicating stabilization of the P2 structure. This leads to a solid-solution type storage mechanism (sloping voltage profile) and hence excellent cycle life with a capacity of 110 mAh g^-1 after 100 cycles. In contrast, the Li-free compositions Na_0.67Mn_0.6Ni_0.4O₂ and Na_0.67Mn_0.8Ni_0.2O₂ show phase transitions and a stair-case voltage profile. The capacity is found to originate from mainly Ni³⁺/Ni⁴⁺ and O^2-/O^2-δ redox processes by DFT, although a small contribution from Mn⁴⁺/Mn⁵⁺ to the capacity cannot be excluded.     

La0.6Sr0.4Co1-yFeyO3钙钛矿复合氧化物的结构与电学性能

采用固相反应法合成出La0.6Sr0.4Co1-yFeyO3体系复合氧化物样品，XRD分析结果证实不同Co／Fe比例的样品中均形成菱形六面体钙钛矿结构，采用固相烧结法制备出致密的La0.6Sr0.4Co1-yFeyO3体系陶瓷。研究结果表明，在室温到900℃温度范围内La0.4Sr0.4CoO3(y=0)的电导率随温度的增加而单调降低，其它Co／Fe比例样品的电导率随着温度的增加出现最大值，电导率达到最大值的温度随Co／Fe比例的降低而提高。在低温段，La0.6Sr0.4Co1-yFeyO3体系的导电行为符合小极子导电机制，导电活化能随Co／Fe比例的降低而增加。     

快速凝固Mg94.6Zn4.8Y0.6镁合金薄带的组织与性能

采用单辊快速凝固技术制备了Mg94.6Zn4.8Y0.6合金薄带,研究了薄带的组织及性能特征。结果表明:Mg94.6Zn4.8Y0.6镁合金快速凝固薄带组织由过饱和的单相-αMg固溶体组成,沿厚度方向分为两个晶区:近辊面粗大等轴晶区和自由面细小等轴晶区。Mg94.6Zn4.8Y0.6合金快速凝固薄带的显微硬度为85.95HV,在250℃左右保温2 h的显微硬度最高,超过该温度(250~300℃)显微硬度显著下降。     

锂离子电池Si_(1.81)Co_(0.6)Cr_(0.6)Zn_(0.2)/MGS复合负极材料的制备与性能

采用两步高能球磨法制备了一种新的锂离子电池硅基复合负极材料Si1.81Co0.6Cr0.6Zn0.2/MGS.用X射线衍射(XRD)和扫描电镜(SEM)表征了材料的组成和形貌结构.电化学测试表明,Si1.81Co0.6Cr0.6Zn0.2/MGS作锂离子电池负极材料有较好的电化学性能:首次可逆容量为561 mAh.g-1,50个循环后,可逆容量的保持率为91%.Si1.81Co0.6Cr0.6Zn0.2/MGS循环性能的改善归因于电极结构在循环过程中的稳定性.     

挤压温度对Mg-9Gd-4Y-0.6Zr合金组织与力学性能的影响

为提高Mg-9Gd-4Y-0.6Zr合金的强度,研究了不同温度下的挤压组织对合金力学性能的影响。结果表明,随着挤压温度从500℃降低到400℃,其晶粒度也从126μm细化到7.4μm,抗拉强度和延伸率分别从200.1MPa和2.93%提高到312.4 MPa和5.6%。通过力学性能和晶粒尺寸之间的关系计算出该合金的Hall-Petch常数Ky为327.6 MPa.μm1/2,明显高于纯镁及常规镁合金的Ky。大量稀土元素的固溶及其第二相粒子对晶界和位错运动的阻碍作用是合金Ky值较高的主要原因。     

低温烧结Dy-B-Si-O系玻璃介质掺杂Ba_(0.6)Sr_(0.4)TiO_3陶瓷

采用溶胶-凝胶法制备了Dy-B-Si-O系玻璃介质掺杂Ba0.6Sr0.4TiO3(BST)陶瓷粉体,并烧结成瓷。探讨了玻璃介质对BST陶瓷密度、烧结温度和介电性能的影响,利用扫描电子显微镜(SEM)、自动元件分析仪测试了BST陶瓷的显微结构和介电性能。研究结果表明,添加Dy-B-Si-O系玻璃介质降低了陶瓷烧结温度,提高了陶瓷致密度;随着Dy-B-Si-O系玻璃介质中Dy2O3组分含量的增加,介电常数增大;介电损耗先增大后减小,介电损耗最小值约为0.01,可满足在电压可调电容器上的使用要求。     

La0.6Sr0.4Co1-yFeyO3的混合导电性研究

采用直流四探针法和两端子电子阻塞电极交流阻抗谱研究了GNP法制备La0．6Sr0．4Co1-yFeyO3陶瓷的电子-离子混合导电性能．在室温-900℃范围内，La0．6Sr0．4CoO3的电子电导率随温度的升高而单调降低，其它样品的电子电导率随温度的升高在600℃附近达到最大值．La0．6Sr0．4Co1-yFeyO3陶瓷的氧离子电导率随温度的升高而增加．在相同温度下，随着Co／Fe比例的增加，La0．6Sr0．4Co1-yFeyO3陶瓷的电子电导率和氧离子电导率增加，电子导电活化能和离子导电活化能降低．氧离子迁移数随温度的升高而增加，随Co／Fe比例的增加而降低．     

Nanostructured MIEC Ba0.5Sr0.5Co0.6Fe0.4O3−δ (BSCF5564) cathode for IT-SOFC by nitric acid aided EDTA–citric acid complexing process (NECC)

Ba_0.5Sr_0.5Co_0.6Fe_0.4O_3−δ(BSCF5564) was synthesized by nitric acid aided EDTA–citric acid complexing sol-gel method (NECC). Both, the phase formation temperature and time of BSCF5564 synthesized NECC were found to be low i.e. single perovskite phase formation temperature is 200 °C less as compared to the conventional method of synthesis. The orthorhombic perovskite structure has been formed after calcination at 800 °C for 5 h. Scanning electron microscopy reveals the formation of porous material constituting nano-sized and irregularly shaped rod-like structure with particle size approximately ranges from 90 to 160 nm. The total weight loss of the BSCF5564 sample comes out to be 6.6%, indicating that quadrivalence state Co⁴⁺ and Fe⁴⁺ in the sample have been completely reduced to the trivalent state Co³⁺ and Fe³⁺ due to thermal analysis. The value of E_a for BSCF5564 prepared by NECC was 0.2288 eV. The electrical conductivity of BSCF5564 synthesized by NECC is observed to be steady at high temperature (above 700 °C).     

Friction and wear behaviours of surface densified powder metallurgy Fe–2Cu–0.6C material

Surface rolling was employed to fabricate a densified layer on a powder metallurgy (PM) Fe–2Cu–0.6C piece. A densified surface layer with a depth of 335?μm and a surface hardness of 330?HV_0.1 was obtained, in which the lamellar spacing of pearlite and grain size of ferrite were refined. Friction and wear behaviours of the surface densified material were studied. Results indicated that friction coefficient of the rolled material decreased as the load increased, which was lower than that of the un-rolled material. Wear volumes were lower than that of the un-rolled material, which increased as the load increased. Wear loss was caused by flake spalling and grooves, and the wear mechanism mainly was abrasive wear. The surface densified layer with higher hardness and lower porosity can hinder the cracks initiation and propagation on the surface and under the surface, which enhance the wear resistance of the PM material.     

Li[Li_(0.2)Ni_(0.2)Mn_(0.6)]O_2富锂正极材料的制备及性能研究

通过液相法制得了球形Ni(OH)2,再与Mn(NO3)2、CH3COOLi通过固相法制备了富锂正极材料Li[Li0.2Ni0.2Mn0.6]O2。通过X射线衍射光谱法(XRD)、扫描电子显微镜法(SEM)、粒度分析仪、循环伏安、交流阻抗以及充放电测试对样品的结构、形貌和电化学性能进行了表征。结果表明,合成温度为900℃时,材料结晶度高,阳离子混排程度低,颗粒表面光滑均一;在20 m A/g时,首次放电比容量为174.02 m Ah/g,在60 m A/g的高倍率放电条件下比容量仍可达到80.56m Ah/g。