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利用硫酸软骨素(chondroitin sulfate,CS)在云母基底上通过浇铸法制备的自组装膜为基底,诱导草酸钙在其上的凝集生长。发现当硫酸软骨素的浓度为1.Omg/ml时在该膜体系中可形成规整的周期性草酸钙环状沉淀。这种有序的环状结构可能是耗散结构的一种具体表现形式。利用原子力显微镜(atomic forcemicroscope,AFM)和傅立叶红外光谱仪对这种结构进行了表征,实验结果显示合适浓度下形成的CS膜在一定程度上可以抑制草酸钙的凝集结晶,表明高分子基质与无机离子间强烈的相互作用对无机盐的成核结晶有显著影响,为探讨结石的形成与抑制提供了一定的实验依据。 相似文献
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V. I. Kodolov S. G. Shuklin A. P. Kuznetsov L. G. Makarova S. G. Bystrov O. V. Demicheva T. A. Rudakova 《应用聚合物科学杂志》2002,85(7):1477-1483
Results are reported of research on intumescent composites based on epoxy resin cross‐linked with polyethylene polyamine and containing ammonium polyphosphate and such modifying additives as calcium borate, manganese dioxide, nickel, and chromium, containing tubulenes as gas‐formers and carbonization stimulators. The changes in composition and physicochemical properties of modified compositions under conditions of heat and fire were investigated by X‐ray photo‐electron spectroscopy, atomic force microscopy, and local force spectroscopy. Ammonium polyphosphate mainly stimulates carbonization processes on the inner surface of a bubble being formed during foam coke formation. The introduction of metal‐containing tubulenes leads to the formation of fire‐retardant and low flammability‐compositions with high coke and carbon structures content. The use of calcium borate in the compositions considerably increases the strength of foam coke being formed. © 2002 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 85: 1477–1483, 2002 相似文献
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缓冲层对氮化镓二维生长的影响 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
报道了在射频等离子体(RF-Plasma)辅助的分子束外延(MBE)技术中,使用白宝石(0001)衬底,采用低温缓冲层工艺外延氮化镓(GaN)。通过原子力显微镜(AFM)的表面形貌比较及X射线双晶衍射(XRD)ω扫描摇摆曲线的分析,讨论了低温缓冲层成核机理及缓冲层生长温度与形成准二维生长的关系,确立了缓冲层的三维成核,准二维生长的生长机理,并在此基础上实现了氮化镓外延层更好地二维生长,进一步提高了氮化镓外延层的晶体质量。 相似文献
6.
The surface of polyethyleneterephthalate (PET) nonwoven fabric was modified by He/O2 atmospheric pressure plasma treatment, varying plasma exposure time. The plasma treated PET surfaces have been analyzed to investigate the chemical nature and morphology of surface by X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) and atomic force microscopy (AFM), respectively. The change of wettability was measured depending on plasma exposure time. XPS results indicated the presence of oxygen‐based functional groups on the PET nonwoven fabric surface after plasma treatment and oxygen content increased as exposure time increased. The mean roughness increased after 30 s exposure and further increase in exposure to 60 s led to decrease of the roughness and then again increase. The root mean square roughness followed the similar trend to mean roughness. The average difference in height, Rz, increased after plasma exposure for 30 s, while it slightly decreased after 60 s exposure. Despite of redeposition, the Rz of 90 s exposed sample increased more than two times compared with those of 30 and 60 s exposed. Wettability increased progressively up to 10 times after 90 s exposure compared with the untreated. It is attributed to the increases of hydrophilicity and surface roughness. © 2008 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci, 2008 相似文献
7.
Organic‐acid‐catalyzed sol–gel route for preparing poly(methyl methacrylate)–silica hybrid materials
Jui‐Ming Yeh Kuan‐Yeh Huang Chung‐Feng Dai B. G. Chand Chang‐Jian Weng 《应用聚合物科学杂志》2008,110(4):2108-2114
In this study, a series of organic–inorganic hybrid sol–gel materials consisting of a poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA) matrix and dispersed silica (SiO2) particles were successfully prepared through an organic‐acid‐catalyzed sol–gel route with N‐methyl‐2‐pyrrolidone as the mixing solvent. The as‐synthesized PMMA–SiO2 nanocomposites were subsequently characterized with Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy and transmission electron microscopy. The solid phase of organic camphor sulfonic acid was employed to catalyze the hydrolysis and condensation (i.e., sol–gel reactions) of tetraethyl orthosilicate in the PMMA matrix. The formation of the hybrid membranes was beneficial for the physical properties at low SiO2 loadings, especially for enhanced mechanical strength and gas barrier properties, in comparison with the neat PMMA. The effects of material composition on the thermal stability, thermal conductivity, mechanical strength, molecular permeability, optical clarity, and surface morphology of the as‐prepared hybrid PMMA–SiO2 nanocomposites in the form of membranes were investigated with thermogravimetric analysis, differential scanning calorimetry, dynamic mechanical analysis, gas permeability analysis, ultraviolet–visible transmission spectroscopy, and atomic force microscopy, respectively. © 2008 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci, 2008 相似文献
8.
Despite the common use of tapping-mode atomic force microscopy to image composites or polymer blends, very few studies have focused on the measurement of the interdiffusion at an interface between two polymers in contact. In this study, we show how to assess the interphase between two polymers with two methods. First, stable and robust tapping conditions are established, and the problem of the phase contrast is discussed. Second, a contact-resonance method is presented: the tip in contact with the sample is electrostatically excited at its resonance frequency by a self-controlled oscillator. The gain and frequency images allow us to measure the interdiffusion width. Both methods (using high and weak mechanical solicitation) give the same assessment of the interdiffusion width. © 2008 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci, 2008 相似文献
9.
Morphology of carbon black (CB)‐filled rubber was studied with AFM and SEM and the classification of filler agglomerates, based on their internal structure and filler–matrix interactions, has been proposed. It varies according to the activity of CB and the kind of rubber. It has been shown that fracture of rubber starts either inside filler agglomerates (de‐cohesion) or in a filler–matrix interphase (de‐adhesion) initiating wear of the material. Microscopic observations correlate well with TGA and EPR data of wear debris collected during friction of rubber. The increase of thermal stability of CB and the appearance of additional spin signals, respectively, for elongated samples or debris, are proposed to be associated with de‐cohesion or de‐adhesion of the agglomerates. New approach to the fracture of rubber called “fatal agglomerate concept” is presented. © 2008 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci, 2008 相似文献
10.
A. Hammiche L. Bozec† H. M. Pollock M. German & M. Reading‡ 《Journal of microscopy》2004,213(2):129-134
Near‐field photothermal Fourier transform infra‐red microspectroscopy, which utilizes atomic force microscopy (AFM)‐type temperature sensors, is being developed with the aim of achieving a spatial resolution higher than the diffraction limit. Here we report on a new implementation of the technique. Sensitivity of the technique is assessed by recording infra‐red spectra from small quantities of analytes and thin films. A photothermomechanical approach, which utilizes conventional AFM probes as temperature sensors, is also discussed based on preliminary results. Early indication suggests that the photothermal approach is more sensitive than the thermomechanical one. 相似文献