角毛壳菌产纤维素酶条件的研究

对角毛壳菌（Chaetomium cupreum）产纤维素酶的发酵条件进行了研究．结果表明：Mendels培养基适于角毛壳菌产纤维素酶，CMC酶活可达到15．7U，β-葡萄糖苷酶活达到了15．8U，滤纸酶活达到12、1U．最佳产酶碳源是微结晶纤维素．发酵156h是角毛壳菌产滤纸酶活的最佳时间，达到了14．4U，发酵180h是角毛壳菌产CMC酶活和β-葡萄捷节酶活的最佳时间，酶活可分别达到37．6U和38、4U．     

多菌灵抗性基因在球毛壳中的转化

利用PEG方法将多菌灵抗性基因通过质粒pRB129转化到球毛壳原生质体，并在含0.5μg/ml多菌灵浓度下筛选转化子，转化率可达6－7个转化子／μgDNA。转化子可在1000μg/ml多菌灵处理条件下正常生长。将转化子在非选择压力下连续培养10代，其抗性稳定不变。     

Cellulolytic properties of Chaetomium crispatum

The cellulolytic properties of a Chaetomium crispatum strain were investigated. The cellulolytic enzyme complex i.e.: exo-1,4-β-glucosidase (EC 3.2.1.74); endo-1,4-β-glucanase (EC 3.2.1.4.) and β-glucosidase or cellobiase (EC 3.2.1.21) displayed optimal activity at pH 5.0 and 25°C. Although carboxymethyl-celluloses are the usual pseudo-substrates for this enzyme complex, those with a high degree of substitution gave rise to poor growth and low cellulase activity. Insoluble crude cellulosics such as newsprint, recycled paper, rice and flax straw were substantially solubilised at 28°C within 3–5 days of fermentation. A study of the cellulase-complex formation during the growth cycle revealed that β-glucosidase was produced mainly intracellularly in the early exponential phase, while the overall exo-1,4-β-glucosidase and endo-1,4-β-glucanase formation gradually increased during the total fermentation cycle. The mycelial protein of Chaetomium crispatum grown on crude cellulosics displayed a favourable amino acid pattern, indicating its potential value as a source of single cell protein (SCP).     

杜仲内生球毛壳菌发酵产物抗脂质过氧化和保护红细胞的研究

对所筛选的一株具有较高抗氧化活性的杜仲内生球毛壳菌的发酵液提取物进行体外抗脂质过氧化和抑制小鼠红细胞溶血氧化的研究。结果表明：杜仲内生球毛壳菌的发酵液提取物对小鼠肝、肾、心和脾组织的脂质过氧化的抑制效果随着发酵提取物浓度的增加而不断增强,1mg/ml 发酵提取物对小鼠心和脾两种组织脂质自发过氧化的抑制率分别为71.55% 和71.68%,对H2O2 诱导的肝组织脂质过氧化的抑制率达到92.50%;0.3mg/ml 的发酵提取物对小鼠红细胞自氧化溶血的抑制率为68.48%,对H2O2 诱导的小鼠红细胞氧化溶血的抑制效果则随着浓度的提高而增强,0.75mg/ml 浓度的抑制率达到96.12%。结论：杜仲内生球毛壳菌发酵液提取物在体外有较显著的抗脂质过氧化作用和通过降低氧化溶血而保护红细胞的作用。     

八角内生真菌的分离及其抗氧化活性初步研究

采用组织贴片培养分离法,分别从八角果、叶、枝等健康组织中分离纯化获得24、32和23株内生真菌。分别采用总抗氧化性能测定、DPPH自由基清除实验对79株内生真菌抗氧化活性进行了筛选。结果表明,从八角果实和枝条中分离获得的内生真菌BGEF11和BJEF13发酵液具有较强的抗氧化活性,其总抗氧化性能分别达147.11 EeEe 11.87（μg Vc/mL）和148.16 EeEe 13.11（μg Vc/mL）,对DPPH自由基清除率分别为84.84%和93.58%。经形态学鉴定,BGEF11和BJEF13均为球毛壳菌。     

低频超声场促进细丽毛壳菌发酵生产α葡聚糖酶的研究

为了解决细丽毛壳菌发酵过程中菌体絮凝对发酵产酶的影响,本研究利用低频超声场对细丽毛壳菌的发酵过程进行处理,通过实验确定低频超声场的作用时间、频率等因素对菌体生长以及产酶的影响。研究结果表明在低频超声处理的时间为20s/20min,超声频率为20k Hz,超声功率为300W的条件下,菌体絮凝现象得到显著缓解。同时,葡聚糖酶酶活从102.9U/m L提高至193.4U/m L,提高了87.9%。低频超声场处理有利于提高细丽毛壳菌发酵过程中的生理活性及产酶效率。      

Growth and Mycotoxin Production by Chaetomium globosum Is Favored in a Neutral pH

Chaetomium globosum is frequently isolated in water-damaged buildings and produces two mycotoxins called chaetoglobosins A and C when cultured on building material. In this study, the influence of ambient pH on the growth of C. globosum was examined on an artificial medium. This fungus was capable of growth on potato dextrose agar ranging in pH from 4.3 to 9.4 with optimal growth and chaetoglobosin C production occurring at a neutral pH. In addition, our results show that sporulation is favored in an acidic environment.     

Characterization of extracellular thermostable xylanase from Chaetomium globosum

This paper deals with the characterization of extracellular thermostable xylanase produced by Chaetomium globosum, an ascomycete fungus. The crude extracellular enzyme was found to have temperature and pH optima of 60°C and 5·0 respectively. The enzyme hydrolyses xylan to a mixture of xylo-oligomers. Xylobiose and xylose are the major breakdown products.