煤泥水浓缩系统技术改造

霍州煤电集团辛置洗煤厂,于2002年经过重介技术改造,各项指标均达到规定要求,但随着重介生产能力的逐渐提高,煤泥水系统、澄清工艺已无法满足重介分选时要求的清水作业.因此,经过分析工艺要求和生产现状,提出改造方案,改进了煤泥水系统工艺流程.改造后,满足了重介分选清水作业的要求,入洗能力显著提高.     

Lemon juice clarification using fungal pectinolytic enzymes coupled to membrane ultrafiltration

Lemon juice was treated with Penicillium occitanis pectinase at various enzyme concentrations (0–1200 U/L), temperatures (25–50 °C) and times (0–90 min). The effect of these enzymatic treatments on the viscosity of the juice was evaluated. The optimum treatment conditions were: enzyme concentration 600 U/L, time 45 min and temperature 30 °C. Their application led to a 77% and 47% reduction of viscosity and turbidity, respectively. The enzymatic treatment was followed by ultrafiltration (cutoff value = 15 kDa). Analysis of the clarified juice indicated that enzyme depectinization permitted a higher permeate flux and a higher juice quality. The lemon juice obtained was clear, stable and characterized by viscosity = 0.7 mPa s, turbidity = 0.17 NTU, clarity (A_650nm) = 0.063 and color (A_420nm) = 0.232. Microbiological study showed that lemon juice was free from aerobes, molds, enterobacteriaceae and coliforms and was microbiologically stable during 3 months storage. Results suggested that enzymatic treatment coupled to ultrafiltration could be used for production of lemon juice with high commercial value.     

Greywater recycling in Vietnam — Application of the HUBER MBR process

Greywater is the part of domestic wastewater that is free of faeces. The volume and concentration of this separately collected wastewater flow depend on the consumer behaviour and vary according to its source. The average amount of greywater produced per day in a German household is 70 l per person, which is more than 50% of the total wastewater production [5]. This figure corresponds with the average figures provided for Chinese households (80 l per person/day, GB/T 50331-2002), but significantly exceeds the South African average of 20 l per person and day [1].Compared to domestic wastewater, greywater generally contains less organic pollutants, less nutrients but a high amount of tensides. The effluent from bath tubs, showers or wash hand basins contains for example a by approx. two decimal orders lower number of total and faecal coliform bacteria (Escherichiacoli) [2] and [6].Due to its relatively low content of pollutants, greywater is easy to treat with MBRs. The pollutants contained are decomposed by the bacteria of the activated sludge tank. The following membrane filtration unit separates the treated greywater from the activated sludge. The treated greywater is of high quality and hygienically safe so that it can be reused, alone or combined with rain water, for toilet flushing water, laundry washing or for irrigation purposes.Within the scope of the SANSED II research project HUBER has been successful in adapting the MBR system for greywater treatment to the specific conditions in Vietnam and testing the system in operation in a small city in the Mekong delta, South Vietnam. The wastewater from kitchen sinks and the bathrooms of a dormitory on the campus of Can Tho University was clarified in the HUBER GreyUse^® plant over a period of three months. The project aim was the production of high quality service water from greywater for safe reuse as toilet flush water.     

温州蜜桔果醋加工工艺优化研究

为开发以温州蜜桔为原料的高品质健康饮品——柑桔果醋,对柑桔果醋的澄清和发酵工艺参数等进行了系统的研究。研究结果表明:20m L/t的4000活力单位的液体果胶酶和0.15%的101澄清剂复合使用,澄清效果明显;最佳发酵工艺条件为:菌种接种量10%,发酵温度32℃,发酵时间72h。     

Improving the Effectiveness of Isinglass Finings for Beer Clarification by Optimisation of the Mixing Process. Part 1: Laboratory Scale Experiments

In order to optimise the process of fining beer there is a need to model the process in terms of addition, mixing and flocculation. Mixing of beer and finings has been achieved in a small laboratory stirred vessel that enables exact characterisation of the shear conditions and residence time. The performance of the finings was evaluated after settling in Imhoff cones. Results identified an optimum mixing regime comprising two stages; a relatively vigorous and short duration first mix followed by a longer more gentle mix.     

壳聚糖澄清沙棘果汁工艺条件的研究

用壳聚糖对沙棘果汁进行澄清试验，研究了壳聚糖用量、pH、温度等工艺条件对果汁澄清效果的影响，并通过正交试验确定壳聚糖澄清沙棘果汁的最适工艺条件为：壳聚糖用量0．05％、温度45℃、pH3．5、反应时间1．5h，澄清后，果汁透光率达98．9％，果汁中的营养及活性成分损失较小。     

Influence of decantation of viura must on the cation content. Evolution during wine fermentation and stabilization

Must has many metallic cations which greatly affect wine fermentation, stability and quality. In this study we investigated the influence of clarification of viura must by static sedimentation studying the concentration of four macroelements (potassium, calcium, magnesium and sodium) and of four oligoelements (iron, copper, zinc and manganese). This treatment eliminated potassium (11%), calcium (25%), and a greater proportion of iron (46%). The evolution of cations during fermentation was similar in the clarified sample and in the control. Both young and stablised wines had similar concentrations of these elements.     

Mathematical modelling of mass transfer in the concentration polarisation layer of flat‐sheet membranes during clarification of pomegranate juice

Evaluation of membrane clarification of pomegranate juice showed that a cake layer is created at the beginning of the process. This evaluation was used as the basis for modelling the solute concentration in the concentration polarisation layer to control the fouling of the membrane. The model of changes in concentration as a function of time and distance (in its dimensionless form) was solved numerically using the Forward‐Time/Central‐Space (FTCS) method. Programming was performed using MATLAB software, and the predicted concentration on the membrane surface was compared with experimental data; the prediction fit well with the experimental data. The model showed that the solute concentration increased as distance to the membrane surface decreased, time increased, transmembrane pressure increased and velocity decreased. Also, the model matched the experimental data in that it showed the cake layer to be created in the early stages of the membrane clarification process.     

超细碳酸钙用于亚法澄清的探索

探索了超细碳酸钙作为亚硫酸法糖厂澄清助剂的可能性 ,并对其澄清效果进行了探索。研究结果表明 ,在一定条件下超细碳酸钙能够吸附更多的胶体和色素 ,有效地降低清汁色值。     

基于轻量化BIM技术的施工技术交底研究

在施工阶段,基于BIM技术的施工技术交底成为项目的重要管理手段,受BIM软硬件配置和人员操作水平等条件限制,交底过程中易出现模型传导失败、交底偏差和信息传递交互慢等问题。本文介绍了十三种基于轻量化BIM技术的施工技术交底方法,从信息完整性、数据轻量化、软件功能性、操作复杂性和实施经济性多个维度对BIM技术辅助技术交底优化程度进行评价和优劣势对比,为交底过程提供方法选择,保证交底人和接底人在低端设备的轻量化浏览,有效提高项目相关方交底和沟通的效率。