业务流程重组在热送热装生产组织中的应用

针对某冶金企业在热送热装生产组织过程中存在的问题，提出了利用业务流程重组的方法对企业的生产业务流程进行改造，规划了新的业务流程，并对其实施后的预期效果进行了分析，实际应用和理论分析表明，通过业务流程重组该企业可大大提高连铸坯的热送热装率和板坯的热装温度。     

Characterization and application of propylene grafted hydrogenated dicyclopentadiene hydrocarbon resin

Hydrocarbon resins, which are defined as low molecular weight, amorphous, and thermoplastic polymers, are widely used as tackifiers for various types of adhesives, as processing aids in rubber compounds, and as modifiers for paint and ink products, and for use in plastics polymers such as isotactic polypropylene. Recently, the quantities of the hydrocarbon resin׳ raw materials which are the side products from naphtha cracking process have decreased because of light-feed cracking such as gas cracking, so new raw materials for hydrocarbon resin production are essential. To be satisfied with the previously mentioned factors, the substitution of hydrocarbon resin raw materials with renewable resources is a worthy consideration. Moreover, new hydrocarbon resin having high adhesion performance, low specific gravity, and good compatibility with various polymers has been requested in various adhesives.To meet those requests, in this study, propylene instead of side product from naphtha cracking as main raw material of hydrocarbon resin were partially used. The propylene serves as a new, sustainable raw material and was successfully grafted onto dicyclopentadiene. The reaction of the propylene with dicyclopentadiene was confirmed because, according to NMR and FT-IR analyses, a pendant methyl-propylene group exists in the structure of the propylene-grafted, hydrogenated dicyclopentadiene hydrocarbon resin. To establish an optimal production condition regarding the propylene-grafted, hydrogenated dicyclopentadiene hydrocarbon resin, numerous experiments were conducted according to the mole ratio of the raw materials and the polymerization temperature. The propylene-grafted, hydrogenated dicyclopentadiene hydrocarbon resin that was manufactured according to optimal conditions results in a lower specific gravity and a high molecular weight, whereby the advantages of the adhesion properties of an SIS-based pressure-sensitive-adhesive are exploited. When the propylene-grafted, hydrogenated dicyclopentadiene hydrocarbon resin was formulated with the SIS-based pressure-sensitive-adhesive, both the heat stability and the shear-adhesion strength are sound.     

The simulator experimental study on the operator reliability of Qinshan nuclear power plant

The scarcity of human failure data is a major problem that embarrasses human reliability analysts for a long time. In the human reliability analysis of Qinshan nuclear power plant, a full-size simulator was used to conduct an experiment on the operator's reliability. The experiment involves 23 abnormal events and 55 human interactions covering 3 cognitive types: skill-based, rule-based and knowledge-based. The response time and conditions of 38 operators were recorded and the data were analyzed and processed to develop human cognitive reliability model parameters, which match with the features of Qinshan nuclear power plant system and its staff. This paper introduces the background, theory, methods, process, conclusion of the experiment and their comparison with data obtained abroad.     

Force estimation via physical properties of air cushion for the control of a human-cooperative robot: basic experiments

For the control of a human-cooperative robot (HCR) using a soft material, we aim to verify, in this study, the usefulness of force estimation via physical properties of an air cushion. First, the physical model of the air cushion was represented by an air cylinder with a piston, which is subject to constraint by nonlinear elasticity. Second, the elastic properties of the air cushion were examined under the assumption that it can be formulated by a function of pneumatic pressure. The force applied to the air cushion was next estimated on the basis of the physical model, and the HCR was successfully controlled according to the estimated force.     

Preparation of Eu: YVO4 red and Ce, Tb: LaPO4 green phosphors by hydrolyzed colloid reaction (HCR) technique

Eu³⁺: YVO₄ red and Ce³⁺, Tb³⁺: LaPO₄ green phosphors were prepared by newly discovered hydrolized colloid reaction (HCR) technique at low temperature (< 100 °C) and atmospheric pressure utilizing subsequent calcining and reductive treatments, respectively. The incorporation of activators (Eu³⁺ and Ce³⁺, Tb³⁺) in these very porous powders was checked by X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and luminescence investigations.     

炼钢-连铸-热轧一体化集成调度管理

在钢铁制造业，炼钢－连铸－热轧作为钢铁生产流程中的三大关键工序，它们之间不仅存在物流平稳和资源平衡问题，而且存在时间平衡问题。为了节省能源，缩短生产周期，国外钢铁企业已经十分关注它们的一体化管理。结合我国钢铁企业的具体情况，对炼钢－连铸－热轧一体化管理的生产工艺、技术条件、炼钢－热轧两工程之间协调技术、生产管理系统以及国外的情况进行阐述。     

Techno-economic feasibility of methanol synthesis using dual fuel system in a parallel process design configuration with control on green house gas emissions

Recently, the methanol production has received a lot of attraction in the process industries due to its wide applications in the synthesis of many commercial chemicals and fuels. Most of the coal to methanol processes suffers from higher water consumption, greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions and lower yields. The aim of this study is to develop a novel energy efficient and economic viable process that may not only increase the methanol production capacity but also offers the less energy requirements with improved process economics. In this study, coal gasification process is sequentially integrated in the parallel design configuration with the natural gas reforming technology to enhance the heating value of the resulting syngas for methanol production. To achieve this aim, two case studies have been developed and compared in terms of overall process performance and economics. Case 1 represents the conventional coal to methanol process, whereas, case 2 represents the conceptual design of integrating the gasification and reforming technologies for enhanced methanol production. The process efficiencies calculated for case 1 and case 2 is 63.2% and 70.0%, respectively. It has been seen from results that the methanol production energy for case 1 and case 2 is 0.69 kg/W and 0.76 kg/W, respectively. In terms of process economics, the methanol production cost for case 1 and case 2 has been estimated as 250 €/tonne and 234 €/tonne, respectively. The comparative analysis showed that the case 2 design not only offers higher process performance but also enhances the process feasibility compared to the conventional coal based processes.     

HCR工艺处理炼油含酚废水的特性研究

建立了一套HCR工艺处理炼油含酚废水的实验装置,考察了停留时间、酚负荷、温度、冲击负荷等因素对酚及COD降解效果的影响,并与普通活性污泥法进行了比较。结果表明,HCR工艺处理炼油含酚废水具有停留时间短、适应温度能力强、进水酚负荷高及耐水力负荷冲击的特点。在停留时间为2h,平均进水酚质量浓度为105mg／L,平均进水COD为381mg/L时,酚和COD平均降解率分别达85％和75以以上,且装置能稳定运行,说明HCR工艺宜用于炼油含酚废水的预处理。     

合金钢连铸坯高效热送热装工艺实践

系统研究了实现合金钢连铸坯高效热送热装工艺存在的问题,通过实施无缺陷合金钢连铸坯生产技术、高温合金钢连铸坯生产技术以及炼钢-轧钢一体化生产管理技术,保证了高温合金钢连铸坯热送热装物流有序,产生了可观的经济效益,为推广应用提供了经验。     

连铸小方坯远程热送热装过程温降计算模型

建立了多块小方坯温降分块计算模型,采用有限元法计算小方坏在远程热送热装过程中内部温度及表面温度变化,得到热送热装过程的温度变化规律,为提高热送温度及制定加热炉加热制度提供了依据。