PBT工程塑料生产中MFR的控制

针对使用BUSS捏合机生产聚对苯二甲酸丁二酯(PBT)过程中出现的熔体流动速率(MFR)与产品配方体系中低分子量PBT树脂用量间的异常关系进行了研究和分析。结果表明，混炼加工PBT时，产品的MFR取决于两个因素的综合作用，一为产品配方中高、低粘度树脂的比例；二为低分子量树脂对主机功率的影响。综合二者影响，PBT的MFR与低分子量PBT用量关系近似为y=0．0471x^2-3．6347x 107．83。     

基于Earley算法的多功能雷达文法概率快速学习算法

针对基于随机上下文无关文法（SCFG）建模的多功能雷达（MFR）概率学习问题,在传统Inside-Outside（IO）算法和Viterbi-Score（VS）算法的基础上,提出一种基于Earley算法的多功能雷达文法概率快速学习算法。该算法通过对截获的雷达数据进行预处理,构造可以反映派生过程的Earley剖析表,并且基于最大子树概率原则从剖析表中提取出最优剖析树,利用改进的IO算法和改进的VS算法对文法概率进行学习,实现MFR参数估计,得到文法参数后,再利用Viterbi算法对MFR状态进行估计。理论分析和实验仿真表明,与IO算法和VS算法相比,改进算法在保持估计精度的同时,可以有效降低计算复杂度和减少运行时间,验证了Earley算法能够提高文法概率的学习速度。     

不同化学结构的PP对热塑性弹性体复合材料性能的影响

研究了不同化学结构的聚丙烯(PP)对苯乙烯-乙烯/丁烯-苯乙烯共聚物(SEBS)/白油/PP热塑性弹性体复合材料力学性能和流动性能的影响。结果表明,复合材料的力学性能与所添加PP的力学性能保持一致,按照均聚PP、无规共聚PP、共聚PP的化学结构特性,复合材料的拉伸性能、弯曲性能和硬度都依次变小;但是复合材料的流动性能不仅和PP的熔体质量流动速率(MFR)有关系,而且还与PP和SEBS的相互作用有关。在PP的MFR相同的情况下,复合材料的MFR按照均聚PP、无规共聚PP、共聚PP的不同依次降低。     

聚丙烯降解母粒的制备及应用

采用粉体造粒技术制备聚丙烯降解母粒,使降解母粒能均匀分散在聚丙烯粉料中,防止粉末状或液态降解剂形成架桥或出现黏壁造成产品波动,能在聚丙烯装置使用化学降解法生产高熔体流动速率的聚丙烯,使熔体流动速率波动范围控制为±3g/10min。     

高压聚乙烯树脂中正己烷提取物含量影响因素分析

研究了高压低密度聚乙烯(LDPE)树脂中正己烷提取物含量与熔体流动速率(MFR)以及分子量分布之间的关系,从LDPE聚合反应机理以及生产工艺角度,分析LDPE树脂正己烷提取物含量的影响因素,并且通过改进生产工艺有效降低了LDPE树脂中正己烷提取物含量。     

继电保护装置时变失效率估算及其区域性差异分析

相比恒定失效率,时变失效率在可靠性评估的准确度方面具有优势。文中针对电网继电保护装置失效特性,在区分偶然失效和老化失效的基础上,利用指数分布函数拟合估算继电保护装置的常值偶然失效率,利用Weibull、正态等分布函数拟合,估算时变的老化失效率,并利用可决系数比较拟合的优劣。基于区域电网继电保护装置现场失效情况形成数据,获得了该电网保护装置的时变失效率。仿真表明,实际电网的老化失效数据符合Weibull分布。针对该电网地理特点,分析了环境、区域因素对保护装置失效率的影响,结果表明该区域电网保护装置恒定失效率基本一致,老化失效率与自然气候相关。     

栈式降噪自编码器在波形单元识别中的应用

为提高多功能雷达(Multi-Function Radar,MFR)波形单元的识别准确率和鲁棒性,提出一种栈式降噪自编码器(Stacked Denoising Autoencoders,SDAE)与支持向量机(Support Vector Machine,SVM)相结合的波形单元识别方法.首先摒弃传统依赖脉冲序列分析技术对MFR信号进行处理的方法,通过分析波形单元结构并借助参数间的联合变化特征,提出一种MFR波形单元分段识别模型,将传统对脉冲序列的识别转化为对MFR波形单元的识别;然后在该模型的基础上引入SDAE,对训练样本数据、SDAE隐含层神经元节点进行加噪处理,并利用这些加噪后的样本数据训练优化SDAE网络模型,提取出样本数据的深层稳健特征;最后引入SVM算法,借助SDAE挖掘出的样本深层特征,实现SVM模型的优化,得到最终的波形单元识别模型(SDAE-SVM).仿真实验表明:提出的波形单元识别方法在相同样本数目和测试误差的条件下,与SVM算法相比,能够取得较高的识别准确率,具备更优越的识别效果.证实MFR波形单元识别模型是有效的,且通过SDAE网络的引入,使得SDAE-SVM方法能够自主地挖掘原始信号的深层特征,提高波形单元识别的鲁棒性和准确率.     

聚丙烯熔融指数软测量

采用机理和统计两种建模方法，建立聚丙烯生产过程熔融指数软测量模型。根据聚合反应机理和反应动力学，建立丙烯聚合过程的机理模型。统计模型则采用神经网络／部分最小二乘（NNPLS）方法。现场投运结果表明，模型计算速度和精度能满足工业现场在线实时运行的要求。     

Online ice crystal size measurements during sorbet freezing by means of the focused beam reflectance measurement (FBRM) technology. Influence of operating conditions

In ice cream and sorbet manufacturing small ice crystals are desired to deliver a product with a smooth texture and good palatability. This research studied the influence of the operating conditions on the ice crystal size and the draw temperature of the sorbet during the freezing process. The evolution of ice crystal size was tracked with the focused beam reflectance measurement (FBRM) technique, which uses an in situ sensor that makes it possible to monitor online the chord length distribution (CLD) of ice crystals in sorbets containing up to 40% of ice. The refrigerant fluid temperature had the most significant influence on the mean ice crystal chord length, followed by the dasher speed, whereas the mix flow rate had no significant influence. A decrease in the refrigerant fluid temperature led to a reduction in ice crystal size, due to the growth of more small ice crystals left behind on the scraped wall from previous scrapings. Increasing the dasher speed slightly reduced the mean ice crystal chord length, due to the production of new small ice nuclei by secondary nucleation. For a given refrigerant fluid temperature and dasher speed, low mix flow rates resulted in lower draw temperatures, due to the fact that the product remains in contact with the freezer wall longer. High dasher speeds warmed the product slightly, due to the dissipation of frictional energy in the product, the effect of which was in part moderated by the improvement in the heat transfer coefficient between the product and the freezer wall.     

Experimental analysis of a mass storage system

Mass storage systems (MSSs) play a key role in data‐intensive parallel computing. Most contemporary MSSs are implemented as redundant arrays of independent/inexpensive disks (RAID) in which commodity disks are tied together with proprietary controller hardware. The performance of such systems can be difficult to predict because most internal details of the controller behavior are not public. We present a systematic method for empirically evaluating MSS performance by obtaining measurements on a series of RAID configurations of increasing size and complexity. We apply this methodology to a large MSS at Ohio Supercomputer Center that has 16 input/output processors, each connected to four 8 + 1 RAID5 units and provides 128 TB of storage (of which 116.8 TB are usable when formatted). Our methodology permits storage‐system designers to evaluate empirically the performance of their systems with considerable confidence. Although we have carried out our experiments in the context of a specific system, our methodology is applicable to all large MSSs. The measurements obtained using our methods permit application programmers to be aware of the limits to the performance of their codes. Copyright © 2006 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.