煤与瓦斯突出机理和预测预报研究进展

本文概述了煤与瓦斯突出的矿井分级,从四个方面综述了煤与瓦斯突出的发生机理,对防治突出的措施做了简要说明,着重介绍了微震预测、电磁辐射预测、煤层温度变化预测和人工神经网络预测等四种预测方法,指出了煤与瓦斯突出今后的研究重点。     

学生网上选课系统中应对高峰访问的策略和实现

在实际项目案例中,针对多校区大规模学生选课系统存在的突发高峰访问,分析其存在问题,提出一系列应对突发高峰访问的策略及解决方案,并且根据项目现状,提出下一步应对突发高峰访问的策略,规划整个系统架构,探讨负载均衡的实现.     

大型集聚类业务预测方法探析

以实例论述了大型集会移动话务特点、分析了大型集会移动用户规模、阐述了大型集会用户业务模型,并给出了业务量预测流程及预测实例。     

煤与瓦斯突出保护层开采技术研究现状初探

随着开采深度的不断增加,煤与瓦斯突出日趋严重.通过对最经济、有效的区域性防突措施保护层开采技术的研究,分析了保护层开采技术的应用现状,总结了保护层开采预防突出的机理、保护层开采保护范围的判别准则以及划定有效保护范围的方法,提出保护层开采技术的研究和发展方向.     

深部高瓦斯低透气性煤层水力挤出效果研究

阐述了水力挤出措施的工艺流程、钻孔布置和注水系统设备选型,考察了注水前后煤体应力的变化情况和钻孔有效影响范围,分析了水力挤出措施实施前后瓦斯涌出特征及规律。研究表明,在深部高瓦斯低透气性煤层采用水力挤出措施,可有效增强煤层透气性,减小瓦斯应力,降低瓦斯涌出量和涌出速度,防突效果明显。     

基于小波KPCA与IQGA-ELM的煤与瓦斯突出预测研究

为有效预防煤与瓦斯突出灾害,针对煤与瓦斯突出预测精度和效率不高问题,提出基于小波核主成分分析(KPCA)和改进的极限学习机(IQGA-ELM)的煤与瓦斯突出预测方法.通过小波核主成分分析法对原始致突指标进行非线性降维处理,提取出致突指标主成分序列,将其作为极限学习机(ELM)网络神经的输入,利用改进量子遗传算法(IQGA)对ELM的输入层权值和隐含层阈值进行优化,建立小波KPCA-IQGA-ELM预测模型,模型的输出为煤与瓦斯突出强度的预测结果.研究结果表明,该模型泛化能力强,可以对煤与瓦斯突出强度进行有效预测.     

Review of coal and gas outburst in Australian underground coal mines

Outburst of coal and gas represents a significant risk to the health and safety of mine personnel working in development and longwall production face areas. There have been over 878 outburst events recorded in twenty-two Australian underground coal mines. Most outburst incidents have been associated with abnormal geological conditions.Details of Australian outburst incidents and mining experience in conditions where gas content was above current threshold levels are presented and discussed. Mining experience suggests that for gas content below 9.0 m³/t, mining in carbon dioxide (CO₂) rich seam gas conditions does not pose a greater risk of outburst than mining in CH₄ rich seam gas conditions. Mining experience also suggests that where no abnormal geological structures are present that mining in areas with gas content greater than the current accepted threshold levels can be undertaken with no discernible increase in outburst risk. The current approach to determining gas content threshold limits in Australian mines has been effective in preventing injury from outburst, however operational experience suggests the current method is overly conservative and in some cases the threshold limits are low to the point that they provide no significant reduction in outburst risk. Other factors that affect outburst risk, such as gas pressure, coal toughness and stress and geological structures are presently not incorporated into outburst threshold limits adopted in Australian mines. These factors and the development of an outburst risk index applicable to Australian underground coal mining conditions are the subject of ongoing research.     

基于遗传算法—BP神经网络的突出强度预测

煤与瓦斯突出强度的预测对研究煤与瓦斯突出,保证矿井安全正常生产有着重要意义。本文提出采用遗传算法结合BP神经网络的模型来预测突出强度,采用遗传算法对BP神经网络的权重和阈值进行优化,将优化好的权重与阈值作用于网络进行训练,直至性能函数符合要求。实际计算表明,该模型有较好的预测精度,且克服了普通BP神经网络训练时间长、收敛速度慢的缺点,在已知瓦斯膨胀能和煤层厚度的前提下,可以用该模型对突出强度进行预测。     

煤与瓦斯突出流体动力学机理研究

煤与瓦斯突出是威胁煤矿安全生产的重大灾害,近年来随着对深部煤炭资源需求增加,煤和瓦斯突出次数和强度也日趋严重。运用流体动力学基本原理探讨突出过程中瓦斯气体压强和流速变化,研究表明游离态瓦斯气体在煤岩体内高速流动时产生的压强波可在煤层裂隙网中不断积累传播。而煤层中压强波的出现不仅能够改变裂隙中瓦斯气体流速和压力并扩展煤层裂隙,使含瓦斯煤岩体孔隙结构破坏,最终导致煤与瓦斯突出灾害发生。     

穿层钻孔水力冲孔消突技术的应用研究

由于薛湖煤矿煤层透气性较低,且原始煤层瓦斯预抽效果较差,抽放达标周期长,为提高突出煤层的透气性,该矿在2306机巷实施了煤层底板穿层钻孔水力冲孔强化瓦斯抽采消突技术,介绍了该项技术的施工工艺、冲孔工艺及冲孔增透瓦斯抽采消突成果。结果表明,该技术有效的增加了煤体的孔隙率,提高了煤体的湿润度、透水性和可塑性,改变了煤体的物理力学特性,瓦斯抽放率得到了较大提高,有效地解决了措施施工和掘进相对集中的问题,为突出矿井的高产高效生产提供了理论依据和实践经验。