Designed damping controller for SSSC to improve stability of a hybrid offshore wind farms considering time delay

This paper presents the stability improvement results of hybrid doubly fed induction generator (DFIG)-based and permanent magnet generator (PMG)-based offshore wind farms (OWFs) using a static synchronous series compensator (SSSC). An adaptive-network-based fuzzy inference system (ANFIS) controller of the proposed SSSC is designed to render adequate damping characteristics to the studied system. A frequency-domain approach based on a linearized system model using eigenvalue technique analysis is performed. A time-domain scheme based on a nonlinear system model subject to a three-phase short circuit fault at infinite bus with variations in the signal transmission delays has also been investigated to compare the damping of the studied system in cases of with and without controller. The simulation results with MATLAB/SIMULINK toolbox have been presented. It can be concluded from the simulation results that the proposed SSSC joined with the designed ANFIS damping controller can offer adequate damping performance to the studied hybrid DFIG-based and PMG-based OWFs under severe disturbance.     

Heavy rare earths,permanent magnets,and renewable energies: An imminent crisis

This article sounds the alarm that a significant build-out of efficient lighting and renewable energy technologies may be endangered by shortages of rare earths and rare earth permanent magnets. At the moment, China is the predominant supplier of both and its recent rare earth industrial policies combined with its own growing demand for rare earths have caused widespread concern. To diversify supplies, new mining—outside of China—is needed. But what many observers of the “rare earth problem” overlook is that China also dominates in (1) the processing of rare earths, particularly the less abundant heavy rare earths, and (2) the supply chains for permanent magnets. Heavy rare earths and permanent magnets are critical for many renewable energy technologies, and it will require decades to develop new non-Chinese deposits, processing capacity, and supply chains. This article clarifies several misconceptions, evaluates frequently proposed solutions, and urges policy makers outside of China to undertake measures to avert a crisis, such as greater support for research and development and for the cultivation of intellectual capital.     

无源性理论在永磁同步电动机混沌控制中的应用

永磁同步电动机在一定的工作条件下呈现出混沌运动，根据无源性网络理论，设计电动机混沌动力学模型的控制器，将混沌系统等效为无源系统，消除系统中的混沌运动，降低系统自激振动的危害，实现混沌系统的快速稳定。     

三峡永久船闸工程混凝土表面缺陷处理技术

三峡永久船闸混凝土缺陷处理是严格按照标准要求进行的，处理前的混凝土缺陷素描是其中的一个重要组成部分，对查清缺陷的数量、分布、性质起到了重要作用。在此基础上制定的处理原则及分区，使混凝土缺陷处理工作做到了有的放矢、重点突出。在处理过程中采用了大量的新工艺、新材料，施工质量良好。     

三峡永久船闸中隔墩卸荷松弛特征研究

本选取三峡水利枢纽永久船闸二闸室桩号15 583代表性断面，通过地表测绘与地质编录、钻孔勘探、压水试验、全孔壁数字成像，物探测试，弹性模测试等综合勘察手段，并结合岩体变形监测成果等，查清了中隔墩岩体的工程地质特征，岩体卸荷松驰范围、物理力学性质及其稳定性。     

The Stability of Rare Earth-Iron-Nitrides Sm_2(Fe,M)_(17)N_y,Permanent Magnets

The effects of the partial substitution of element M(M=Cr,V,Mn,x=0.05;Zr,Ga,x=0.017;Si,x=0.15;Co,x=0.10)for Fe in samarium-iron-nitride Sm_2(Fe_(1-x)M_x)_(17)N_y compounds on their stabilitiesand Curie temperatures have been studied.It is found that Co,Ga can raise the Curie temperature of thecompounds.The initial decomposition temperatures cannot be raised significantly by all the studied elementsexcept Co.The result contradicts the formation enthalpy consideration.The final decomposition tempera-tures can be raised by all of the substitution elements.The effects of atmospheres on their decomposition be-havior were also studied.The results show that oxidation is the major reason for magnetic deterioration ofthe powder heated in air.Compared with nitrogen atmosphere,argon or vacuum helps to delay the decompo-sition of the compounds.     

基于滑模观测器的永磁同步电机无位置传感器控制

本文提出了一种基于滑模变结构控制原理的无位置传感器控制方法。通过分析永磁同步电机的模型,应用滑模变结构控制原理,提出了一种针对永磁同步电机的无位置传感器控制策略。它利用电机中容易测得的定子电流、直流母线电压,通过滑模变结构控制原理来估算转子位置。利用Matlab／Simulink对系统进行了仿真,仿真结果表明,转子位置估算结果基本与实际位置一致。     

MAZDA 620活塞金属型设计

介绍了MAZDA620活塞重力铸造模具的设计方法与过程。模具的设计、制造过程中运用了计算机辅助技术，进行了浇注过程的计算机模拟。发现浇注成形时可能出现的缺陷，并进行合理的改进。针对在试模过程中所出现的气孔和冷隔缺陷，采取了在相应位置上加装导气塞、将模具温度控制在240℃左右和料温控制在780℃等措施，使得该模具在技术上达到使用要求，得到理想的铸件。     

基于模糊自适应PID的无轴传动控制系统研究

研究模糊自适应PID控制算法对无轴传动控制系统的影响,并对控制电机转速同步精度应用不同PID算法进行比较。采用主从电机同步控制策略,并利用Matlab开发了完整的以永磁伺服电机为执行机构的仿真系统。调节控制环参数,得出控制系统的仿真曲线。通过对仿真曲线的分析,比较传统PID和模糊自适应PID算法对转速同步精度的影响,最后指出模糊自适应PID控制算法的控制效果及优越性。     

基于GUI的网箱推进电机矢量控制系统仿真

在养鱼用网箱永磁电机调速优化控制的研究中,节能环保型自航式网箱采用永磁同步电机作为推进电机,对永磁电机调速功能进行了研究.传统的控制器受环境温度等影响较大,不适应在相对恶劣的水域环境中工作.为提高系统的柔性和精度,采用了集功率开关器件和驱动电路于一起的IPM作为主功率模块,高数字处理器DSP为控制器,采用速度电流双闭环控制,运用矢量控制思想,设计了一套数字化的控制系统.为更好地验证其调速性能并为设计提供更合理的设计参数,利用Matlab搭建了整个系统的仿真模型,建立了基于图形用户界面(GUI)的仿真平台,可以设置仿真参数,实时查看仿真结果波形图.仿真结果显示调速性能良好,在GUI上可以设定转速并显示实际的转速、转矩波形图.