菱锌矿湿法炼锌试验研究

以某地菱锌矿为原料,采用焙烧—浸出—净化—电解—熔铸的工艺流程进行试验研究,获得了牌号为Zn99. 95的锌锭产品,锌的冶炼总收率达95%以上。本工艺流程技术可行,经济上较为合理,所需生产设备简单,易于实现工业化生产。     

菱锌矿－褐铁矿体系浮选研究

通过Ｈｕｌｌｉｍｏｎｄ管浮选、动电位测定等方法研究了菱锌矿－褐铁矿浮选体系中胺和硫化钠作用机理。结果表明，在较高的ｐＨ下，胺通过络合作用吸附于菱锌矿表面，硫化钠与铁质反应生成ＦｅＳ从而活化褐铁矿的浮选并消耗浮选药剂。     

Atomic-level insights into the modification mechanism of Fe (III) ion on smithsonite (1 0 1) surface from DFT calculation

Fe(III) ion can strongly inhibit the sulphidation amine flotation of smithsonite. However, its modification mechanism on smithsonite surface is still obscure. In this work, a systematic study of the modification of Fe(III) ion on smithsonite (1 0 1) surface was performed using DFT calculation. The optimal number of H₂O ligands for Fe(III) ion hydrates in aqueous conditions was probed, and [Fe(OH)₂(H₂O)₄]⁺ and [Fe(OH)₄]^? were identified as the major modification species, then their adsorption and bonding mechanisms were further revealed by analyzing the frontier orbitals, density of state, Mulliken population, and electron density. The calculated adsorption structures were consistent with the former experiment, and we found the O site that bonded to the C atom on smithsonite surface was the most favorable position for [Fe(OH)₂(H₂O)₄]⁺ and [Fe(OH)₄]^? adsorptions. Besides, their adsorption mechanisms on smithsonite surface were principally due to the combined effect of FeO bond and hydrogen bonding. Simultaneously, hydrogen bonding greatly enhanced the stability of the adsorption structures. Moreover, the dominant orbital contribution for the bonding of FeO was primarily due to the orbital hybridization between Fe 3d and O 2p orbitals. This work can help in deeper understanding of the depression of Fe(III) ion on the sulphidation amine flotation of smithsonite.     

矿泥对氧化锌矿物浮选行为的影响

详细研究了石英、方解石和褐铁矿三种人工单矿物矿泥对菱锌矿浮选行为的影响,结果表明同种矿物组成的矿泥,以-5μm矿泥的影响最大;而当矿泥的粒度组成相近时,褐铁矿矿泥的影响大于其他两种单矿物矿泥。探讨了降低矿泥有害影响的措施,并分析了矿泥及调整剂的作用机理。     

Studies of benzyl hydroxamic acid/calcium lignosulphonate addition order in the flotation separation of smithsonite from calcite

Flotation separation of smithsonite from calcite is difficult due to their similar surface properties. In the present study, a reagent scheme of depressant calcium lignosulphonate (CLS) and collector benzyl hydroxamic acid (BHA) was introduced in the flotation of smithsonite from calcite. Microflotation tests revealed that the efficient flotation of smithsonite from calcite could only be obtained with the addition order of BHA before CLS, which was opposite to the widely-used order that adding depressant prior to the collector. The zeta potential measurements indicated that BHA selectively adsorbed onto smithsonite surface, then not allowed the CLS adsorption onto the smithsonite surface rather than calcite surface because of the steric hindrance, thereby the smithsonite surface remained hydrophobic while calcite surface became more hydrophilic after the addition of CLS. As a result, the calcite flotation was completely depressed while the smithsonite flotation recovery was still in high value, leading to the optimal flotation separation performance.     

螯合捕收剂CF对氧化铅锌矿捕收性能初探

介绍了以北京矿冶研究总院新研制的、已成功地应用于白钨矿浮选工业的氧化矿浮选的螯合型捕收剂CF对氧化铅锌矿物与含钙、镁、铁、硅脉石矿物捕收性能的初步探讨 ,并系统地研究了氧化铅锌矿物浮选过程中各种因素的影响。结果表明 ,CF是菱锌矿和白铅矿的有效捕收剂 ,对方解石、白云石、石英和褐铁矿具有良好的选择性 ,以螯合剂CF为捕收剂、六偏磷酸钠和硫酸锌盐化水玻璃为抑制剂 ,在常温下的自然pH值矿浆中不需要加温和预先用硫化钠硫化就能较好地实现氧化铅锌矿物与方解石、白云石、褐铁矿和石英的浮选分离。多元矿物混合物的浮选分离验证了该方法的可行性。     

氧化铅锌矿物和含钙、镁、铁、硅矿物分离新方法——CF法研究

介绍了以新研制的氧化矿浮选的螯合型捕收剂CF为核心 ,以Pb(NO3) 2 为活化剂 ,水玻璃和六偏磷酸钠为方解石、白云石、石英、褐铁矿的选择性抑制剂的一种氧化铅锌矿物和脉石矿物浮选分离的新方法———CF法 ,并研究了该法浮选氧化铅锌矿物过程中各种因素的影响。单矿物及人工混合矿浮选试验结果表明 ,CF法在常温条件下的自然pH值矿浆中就能较好地实现氧化铅锌矿物和含钙、镁、铁、硅脉石矿物的浮选分离 ,并取得了良好的选别指标。CF法的最大特点是通过硝酸铅选择性地活化氧化铅锌矿物 ,降低CF的用量 ,且不需加温和预先用硫化钠硫化。     

某氧化铅锌矿石工艺矿物学研究

某氧化铅锌矿石中,锌矿物有闪锌矿、菱锌矿、红锌矿、异极矿,铅矿物有方铅矿、白铅矿、铅矾、铅铁矾、磷氯铅矿。目前条件下,矿石中可回收的矿物为闪锌矿、菱锌矿、方铅矿、白铅矿。闪锌矿、方铅矿粒度细小,嵌布复杂,应适度细磨。矿石中含有铅矾、铅铁矾、磷氯铅矿等易泥化矿物,磨矿后应首先考虑脱泥。脱泥后优先浮选回收闪锌矿、方铅矿,浮选尾矿中的菱锌矿、白铅矿可使用硫化钠等药剂使其表面硫化,然后通过浮选回收,或利用其与脉石矿物的密度差异采用重选回收菱锌矿、白铅矿。     

湘西北菱锌矿床地质特征及形成机制

湖南西北部龙山—桑植铅锌矿带的菱锌矿床，主要赋存于寒武系上统耗子沱群第3段和奥陶系下统南津关组底部的“硅化体”与纯灰岩接触面附近，为以菱锌矿为主、异极矿其次的氧化锌矿床。矿体呈似层状、透镜状、似脉状等，主要产于硅化体下部或其沿倾斜延伸位及其尖灭处。具原地或准原地堆积(主要)和异地迁移(次要)特征。地下水通过层间裂隙、断裂裂隙渗入矿化层及围岩，在溶蚀、氧化—水解作用下形成的菱锌矿床，属古岩溶型矿床类型。     

菱锌矿表面强化硫化技术及机理研究

本文以主要氧化锌矿物菱锌矿作为研究对象,研究了硫化温度、铜离子活化、低pH条件硫化等多种方式对菱锌矿硫化程度的影响,并揭示了水洗除去表面的过量的高浓度硫化钠对氧化锌矿硫化浮选效果的影响。在以上基础上,利用分析检测手段对氧化锌矿强化硫化反应机理进行了探究。论文得到的主要结论：（1）硫化时加入铜离子可以改善菱锌矿纯矿物的回收率;（2）以用量为1×10-3mol/L的硫化钠作为硫化剂时,在没有除去溶液中过量硫化钠时,菱锌矿几乎没有得到有效浮选,表明溶液中残存的高浓度硫化钠对浮选过程起抑制作用,水洗除去溶液中过量硫化钠后可以提高菱锌矿回收率;（3）酸性条件下进行氧化锌矿硫化有助于提高氧化锌矿浮选回收率,在弱酸性条件下强于强酸性条件;（4）提高硫化温度可以提高菱锌矿硫化效果。通过XRD分析表明,硫化反应生成物结晶度很低,XPS分析表明加入硫化钠硫化时有硫化锌生成,并且随着温度升高菱锌矿表面硫化锌含量增加。红外光谱分析表明,铜离子强化了丁基黄药与菱锌矿的吸附作用。