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1.

Purpose

To determine the antimicrobial activity of the melimine derived peptide Mel4 against Delftia, Stenotrophomonas, Elizabethkingia, Burkholderia and to investigate biocompatibility of Mel4 as an antimicrobial coating on contact lenses in animals and humans.

Methods

In vitro antimicrobial activity of Mel4 was determined against the four Gram negative bacteria by investigating growth curves for 24 h followed by viable counts to determine the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC). Contact lenses were coated by covalently binding Mel4, characterized by amino acid analysis, and were investigated for changes in lens parameters. Safety of Mel-4 coated lenses were determined in a rabbit model of daily contralateral wear. A prospective, randomised, double-masked, contralateral, 1week daily wear human clinical trial was used to evaluate subjective responses and ocular physiology.

Results

Mel4 was active against all the bacteria tested (MIC50 ranged from 31–1000 μg ml?1) and produced an antimicrobial surface on contact lenses. Mel4-coating resulted hydrophilic surface without any significant change in contact lens parameters, and showed no signs of cytotoxicity or ocular irritation during rabbit wear. During human clinical trial, there were no differences between Mel4 coated and uncoated contact lenses in lens performance indicators and ocular signs such as corneal fluorescein staining. Mel4 and control uncoated lenses had no differences in ocular symptoms during lens wear.

Conclusion

Mel4 has achieved antimicrobial activity against variety of Gram negative bacteria that are often resistant to the action of cationic peptides and have been implicated in contact lens related adverse events. Mel4-coated contact lenses were safe to wear.  相似文献   
2.
Suburban “edge cities” are an international phenomenon registering the impacts of a growing global economy, the increasing footlooseness of capital, advances in communication technology, the growth of hi-tech industry, and the forces of decentralisation. Yet they do assume culturally specific forms. Using the case study of North Ryde in the Sydney metropolitan area, differences between Australia and the United States in terms of the dynamism and scale of their respective edge-city environments are highlighted. Four explanatory factors are identified: the comparative nature of the Australian economy, the differential strength of planning controls, contrasting central city—suburban relationships, and a lesser degree of freeway dependence.  相似文献   
3.
To conform with the requirements of the international Government Procurement Agreement and the regulations of the World Trade Organization, the Taiwan Government Procurement Law (GPL) was enacted in 1999. The main points of the agreement and barriers affecting price competition are illustrated. Award prices for subcentral government civil engineering projects are compared before and after the law went into effect. The result suggests that civil engineering prices have decreased significantly since the introduction of the law, that the transparent and open-tendering system enforced by the law has led to an increase in competition, and that tender prices decreased during the initial period. During the same period, construction companies' average rate of profit on sales moved from positive to negative. It is concluded that severe bidding competition is expected after Taiwan completes accession to the agreement.  相似文献   
4.
廉师友 《微机发展》2000,10(6):32-35
本文将符合度、真度和信度等度量引入关系型数据库,提出了程度语言值关系、真度关系、信度关系、程度关系、程度语言值-真度-信度关系和程度语言值-真度-信度-程度关系等6种关系数据模型及其运算(操作)定义,扩充了传统关系型数据库表达范围和应用领域。同时,这种“程度”的思想和方法,也可用于扩展其它类型的数据库。  相似文献   
5.
    
The City of Sydney Council has presented their night-time economy plan (NTE) – Open, Future directions for Sydney at night – as a unique and substantial contribution to global city planning literature. This paper critiques the plan and demonstrates how Open is strongly aligned with, and constrained by the neoliberal-inspired cultural-economy framework of the Council’s overarching policy vision: Sustainable Sydney 2030. Such co-opting of policy evinces an entrepreneurial shift in NTE planning where economic interests procure substantial voice in the consultation, and eventual policy directions of changing the nightscape. The paper explicates the economic imperative(s) of Open within the context of one inner city Sydney suburb, Surry Hills.  相似文献   
6.
    

1 Scope

Shellfish allergy is an increasing global health priority, frequently affecting adults. Molluscs are an important shellfish group causing food allergy but knowledge of their allergens and cross‐reactivity is limited. Optimal diagnosis of mollusc allergy enabling accurate advice on food avoidance is difficult. Allergens of four frequently ingested Asia‐Pacific molluscs are characterized: Sydney rock oyster (Saccostrea glomerata), blue mussel (Mytilus edulis), saucer scallop (Amusium balloti), and southern calamari (Sepioteuthis australis), examining cross‐reactivity between species and with blue swimmer crab tropomyosin, Por p 1.

2 Methods and results

IgE ELISA showed that cooking increased IgE reactivity of mollusc extracts and basophil activation confirmed biologically relevant IgE reactivity. Immunoblotting demonstrated strong IgE reactivity of several proteins including one corresponding to heat‐stable tropomyosin in all species (37–40 kDa). IgE‐reactive Sydney rock oyster proteins were identified by mass spectrometry, and the novel major oyster tropomyosin allergen was cloned, sequenced, and designated Sac g 1 by the IUIS. Oyster extracts showed highest IgE cross‐reactivity with other molluscs, while mussel cross‐reactivity was weakest. Inhibition immunoblotting demonstrated high cross‐reactivity between tropomyosins of mollusc and crustacean species.

3 Conclusion

These findings inform novel approaches for reliable diagnosis and improved management of mollusc allergy.  相似文献   
7.
    
The deaths of over 70 residents of London's Grenfell Tower, when the building's cladding went up in flames in July 2017, sent out far-reaching shock waves. It was a stark example of the dangers of neoliberalism, with public bodies not taking proper responsibility for social housing. As Julia Park – Head of Housing Research at London architecture and urban design firm Levitt Bernstein – observes, adequate policy and standards enforcement are key to ensuring that those with lower incomes can access housing which is fit for purpose. This requires architects to come on board with politicians – as her and certain other firms are already doing.  相似文献   
8.
    
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9.
刘牛 《建筑电气》2006,25(4):4-6
现代冶金技术、双金属熔合技术、铝加工技术迅猛发展,而铜价猛涨,我国铜资源贫乏,从技术、价格、安全、资源利用等方面进行分析,提出导电体应以铝代铜。  相似文献   
10.
For two decades, the individual members of the SmartGeometry Group have pioneered innovative computer-aided design (cad) techniques and technologies. Now that they are situated in key positions in internationally renowned companies, the group is involved in developing a new generation of parametric design software. Here, Robert Aish (Director of Research at Bentley Systems), Lars Hesselgren (Director of Research and Development, kpf London), J Parrish (Director of ArupSport) and Hugh Whitehead (Project Director of the Specialist Modelling Group, Foster and Partners, London) discuss with Achim Menges the group's instrumental approach to geometry and their unique collaboration spanning the world of practice and software development. Copyright © 2006 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.  相似文献   
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