预烧结对低压烧结WC-Co硬质合金组织和性能的影响

采用原位还原碳化反应制备超细WC-10%Co,在1250、1300、1350、1380℃进行预烧结处理,得到的预烧结块体在1450℃、5 MPa氩气条件下进行低压二次烧结;分析对比了预烧结块体和二次烧结块体的显微组织,并对二次烧结合金进行了性能测试.结果表明:不同温度预烧结块体经低压二次烧结后,可有效抑制晶粒异常长大现象,二次烧结后合金具有高的断裂韧性,最高值达16.1MPa·m-1/2.在1 350、1 380℃下预烧结块体经低压二次烧结后均具有均匀的合金组织,其中经过1380℃预烧结块体横向断裂强度为3260 MPa.     

SPS原位反应快速制备WC-6Co硬质合金的研究

应用放电等离子烧结（SPS）技术，利用WO3、Co3O4和C粉的混合粉末原位还原、化合反应快速制备WC6Co硬质合金。分析了烧结温度与压力对合金致密度、显微组织和性能的影响．结果表明：应用SPS技术，利用原位反应合成的短流程工艺路线，在烧结温度与压力分别为1270℃和90MIa的条件下能够快速制备出相对密度达99％、洛氏硬度（HRA）≥93、维氏硬度（HV）≥1900且成相良好、显微组织均匀的WC-Co硬质合金。     

SPS烧结制备WC-6Co-1.5Al硬质合金的研究

针对WC-6Co-1.5Al球磨粉末,研究SPS烧结工艺对烧结合金密度、组织、力学性能及断口形貌的影响规律.研究结果表明：在脉冲电流基值为360A、峰值为3 000A、频率为50Hz、占空比为50%,恒流电流为1 500A,总烧结时长为6min,烧结压力为30MPa的工艺参数下,利用脉冲电流烧结1min后,继之以恒流电流烧结5min,可获得密度、硬度和弯曲强度分别达14.2g/cm3、94HRA和1 660MPa的超细晶WC-6Co-1.5Al硬质合金块体材料;进一步延长或缩短脉冲电流烧结时间,烧结体的密度、硬度和弯曲强度反而下降.     

高能球磨制备纳米WC-8Co复合粉末

对采用高能球磨法制备纳米WC-8Co复合粉末的工艺条件进行了研究。实验采用逐步优化方式,研究液固比、球料比、球磨转速、球磨时间对粉末的特性的影响。采用SEM扫描电镜观察粉末形貌,用EDX能谱分析了粉末中Co元素的分布,检测了粉末中Co的化学成分,确定了液固比参数,通过检测粉末的比表面和BET粒度的变化优化球料比、球磨转速及球磨时间等工艺参数,采用最优化工艺得到了粉末比表面为6.82m2/g、BET粒度为59.4nm,Co相分布均匀的纳米WC-8Co复合粉末。     

纳米晶WC-10Co复合粉末烧结行为的研究

本文研究了机械合金化制备的纳米晶WC 10Co复合粉末的真空烧结特征 ,分析了孔隙度、显微硬度随绕结时间延长和烧结温度升高的变化规律 ,考察了一种新型抑制剂的作用。结果表明 :在 132 5℃ / 15min的烧结条件下 ,样品的相对密度达到了 98%以上 ;烧结样品的显微硬度随着烧结时间的延长和烧结温度的升高先增加后降低 ,并且在 132 5℃ / 15min的条件下其硬度为 2 2 95MPa ;新型抑制剂A既有利于晶粒长大的控制 ,同时又有利于材料致密化的进行 ,显著地提高了合金的性能。     

Friction and wear properties of high-velocity oxygen fuel sprayed WC-17Co coating under rotational fretting conditions

Rotational fretting which exist in many engineering applications has incurred enormous economic loss. Thus, accessible methods are urgently needed to alleviate or eliminate damage by rotational fretting. Surface engineering is an effective approach that is successfully adopted to enhance the ability of components to resist the fretting damage. In this paper, using a high-velocity oxygen fuel sprayed(HVOF) technique WC-17 Co coating is deposited on an LZ50 steel surface to study its properties through Vickers hardness testing, scanning electric microscope(SEM), energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy(EDX), and X-ray diffractrometry(XRD). Rotational fretting wear tests are conducted under normal load varied from 10 N to 50 N, and angular displacement amplitudes vary from 0.125° to 1°. Wear scars are examined using SEM, EDX, optical microscopy(OM), and surface topography. The experimental results reveal that the WC-17 Co coating adjusted the boundary between the partial slip regime(PSR) and the slip regime(SR) to the direction of smaller amplitude displacement. As a result, the coefficients of friction are consistently lower than the substrate's coefficients of friction both in the PSR and SR. The damage to the coating in the PSR is very slight. In the SR, the coating exhibits higher debris removal efficiency and load-carrying capacity. The bulge is not found for the coating due to the coating's higher hardness to restrain plastic flow. This research could provide experimental bases for promoting industrial application of WC-17 Co coating in prevention of rotational fretting wear.     

结晶器表面超音速火焰喷涂WC-12Co涂层的组织性能分析

在结晶器铜板表面超音速火焰喷涂WC-12Co涂层,通过SEM、EDS和XRD分析了涂层的表面形貌、成分变化及涂层与基体的结合性能,采用正交试验设计分析4种喷涂工艺参数对涂层孔隙率、显微硬度和结合强度的影响.结果表明,在氧气流量为850 L/min、煤油流量为6.0 g/h、喷涂距离为400 mm、涂层厚度为0.4 mm条件下,涂层的孔隙率较低,显微硬度较高,且结合强度较大,综合性能达到最优.     

300M钢基体上高速火焰喷涂WC-17Co和WC-10Co4Cr涂层的疲劳和抗盐雾腐蚀性能

以涂层在飞机起落架的应用作为研究背景,在300M超高强钢基体上对替代电镀硬铬的两种高速火焰喷涂WC-17Co和WC-10Co4Cr涂层的疲劳和抗中性盐雾腐蚀性能进行了研究.结果表明,两种有涂层的300M钢的疲劳寿命均高于无涂层300M钢,如考虑扣除涂层承受载荷,有涂层的300M钢与无涂层300M钢的疲劳寿命相当.喷砂镶嵌在基体表面的刚玉砂粒导致有WC-10Co4Cr涂层的疲劳寿命低于有WC-17Co涂层的300M钢.两种涂层对基体的疲劳性能都没有负面影响;两种涂层都提高了300M钢的抗盐雾腐蚀性能,但有WC-10Co4Cr涂层的300M钢表现出更好的抗盐雾腐蚀性能.综合比较两种涂层的性能,高速火焰喷涂WC-10Co4Cr涂层是更好的电镀铬替代涂层.     

WC-17Co 粉末尺寸对粒子飞行状态与涂层性能的影响分析

目的 提高碳化钨涂层的性能.方法 运用Fluent软件进行超音速火焰喷涂焰流的仿真模拟,得出喷涂距离-焰流速度、喷涂距离-焰流温度曲线.采用粒子飞行监测仪对三组不同粒度(粒子平均直径分别为21.72、32.92、42.56 μm)WC-17Co粉末在超音速火焰喷涂过程中的飞行状态进行监测,并得出喷涂距离-速度、喷涂距离-温度曲线,揭示喷涂过程中焰流速度、温度对粒子速度和温度的影响.通过扫描电镜观察分析不同粒度WC-17Co粉末撞击镍718合金基体后的扁平化程度,测量不同粒度WC-17Co涂层的孔隙率,比较涂层致密度的差异,同时采用压痕法测量涂层的硬度.结果 WC-17Co粒子飞行速度和温度随喷涂距离的增加呈先增大后减小的趋势,且粒子飞行速度和温度随粉末粒径的增大而减小,根据粉末粒径的不同,其速度峰值在690～810 m/s之间变化,温度峰值在1890～2050℃之间变化.直径越小的粒子撞击基体后的扁平率越高,扁平率在1.94～2.35之间.WC-17Co涂层的孔隙率随粒子直径的增大而升高,涂层的硬度与孔隙率成反比,涂层努氏硬度在1072～1284HK之间.结论 超音速火焰喷涂过程中,碳化钨粉末的飞行速度和温度呈先增大后减小的趋势,且飞行速度和温度与粒子直径大小成反比.碳化钨涂层的致密度与硬度随粒子直径的增大而减小.     

Microstructure and Wear Resistance Evolution of HVOFSprayed WC-（W,Cr）2C-Ni Coating with Post Heat Treatment In Air Atmosphere

WC-(W,Cr)2C-Ni coating was prepared on 1Cr18Ni9Ti stainless steel and C-276 Ni-base Hastelloy by high velocity oxy-fuel(HVOF)spraying.The effect of post heat treatment in air atmosphere on the microstructure,phase composition,microhardness,fracture toughness,and wear resistance of HVOF-sprayed WC-(W,Cr)2C-Ni coating was investigated.The microstructure and phase composition of the coatings were analyzed by means of field emission scanning electron microscopy(FESEM)and X-ray diffraction(XRD).The microhardness and fracture toughness of the coatings were measured using a microhardness tester and a Vickers hardness tester.Moreover,dry friction and wear behavior of the coatings sliding against Si3N4 ball was investigated using an oscillating friction and wear tester;and the worn surfaces of the coatings were analyzed by means of scanning electron microscopy(SEM).It was found that heat treatment within 500-800°C resulted in crystallization of amorphous phase in as-sprayed coating,generating nanoscale new phases such as NiWO4,CrWO4 and Cr2WO6.Besides,heat treatment led to increase of the microhardness of as-sprayed coating,and the highest microhardness was obtained after heat treatment at 800°C.The fracture toughness and wear resistance of the as-sprayed coating increased with increasing heat treatment temperature up to 700°C but tended to decrease with further elevating temperature.In other words,the mechanical properties and wear resistance of the as-sprayed coatings were worsened owing to excessive growth of oxidation grains and depletion of ductile Ni binder after heat treatment above 700°C.Thus it was suggested that as-sprayed ceramic composite coating should be post heat treated in air at a moderate temperature of 700°C so as to achieve the optimized mechanical properties and wear resistance.