Normalized age applied to AAR occurring in concretes with or without mineral admixtures

This paper presents a method for assessing the normalized age factors, which allow accelerated alkali-aggregate reaction (AAR) tests performed at various temperatures (20, 40 and 60 °C) to be related to the conditions encountered in situ in concrete structures. The evaluation of normalized age factors is based on the comparison of many experimental results taken from the literature concerning laboratory tests and in situ measurements. The use of these factors permits us to evaluate, from the results of an accelerated test performed at 60 °C, the protection time against AAR that could be expected for in situ concretes containing mineral admixtures (silica fume and fly ashes). The results show that, in addition to the inhibitory action of mineral admixtures leading to a strong decrease in the final AAR-swelling, the protection against abnormal expansion caused by AAR increases significantly when mineral admixtures are used. Abnormal expansion is expected at 2-4 years for plain concrete compared to 7-50 years for concrete with mineral admixtures.     

混合材对碱—碳酸盐反应的影响

利用快速测长法研究了混合材对碱—碳酸盐反应的影响。通过试验证明混合材能减缓碱—碳酸盐反应的速度,但不能有效地抑制碱—碳酸盐反应,并初步探讨了混合材不能有效地抑制碱—碳酸盐反应的机理。     

掺固硫灰干粉砂浆的性能研究

对掺固硫灰干粉砂浆的性能进行了研究。讨论了固硫灰细度、掺量及与粉煤灰复掺对干粉砂浆工作性能、力学性能和膨胀性的影响。结果表明：经预处理固硫灰可以应用于干粉砂浆中,且掺量为10%时效果最佳。固硫灰与粉煤灰等矿物掺合料复掺可以改善干粉砂浆性能。     

高性能混凝土外加剂对水泥砂浆力学性能的影响

采用混合水平正交表研究了新型外加剂对砂浆强度的影响.通过掺加不同因子及水平数的新型外加剂成型了16组水泥砂浆试件,测试了3 d和28 d龄期的强度,采用正交设计中的方差分析、试验误差等方法分析表明,高性能混凝土外加剂并不是性能最好的外加剂,不减少用水量的情况下,用高性能混凝土外加剂替代同等质量水泥后,外加剂对强度的影响并不是显著因素.掺量较少的情况下,对混凝土强度的提高不明显,掺量过大,会造成缓凝.掺加聚羧酸减水剂提高强度,高性能混凝土外加剂和减水剂之间存在交互作用.     

Grey Clustering Theory to Assess the Effect of Mineral Admixtures on the Cyclic Sulfate Resistance of Concrete

Concrete specimens made with ordinary portland cement or ordinary portland cement incorporating fly ash with the replacement of 10% or 20%, ground blast furnace slag with the replacement of 15% or 30%, or 15% fly ash and 15% ground blast furnace slag were made and exposed to a cyclic sulfate environment. Concrete properties including relative dynamic elastic modulus, chloride ion diffusion coefficient, compressive strength and flexural strength were measured. Effect of mineral admixtures on the cyclic sulfa...     

Mineral admixtures in mortars: Effect of inert materials on short-term hydration

This work is the first part of an overall project the aim of which is the development of general mix design rules for concrete containing different kinds of mineral admixtures. The separation of the different physical effects responsible for the modification of cement hydration, when chemically inert quartz powders are used in mortars, is presented. The phenomenological approach, based on semi-adiabatic calorimetry, is only associated with first-order phenomena, and the study excludes the complex physicochemical details involved in the chemistry of cement. The results, obtained for a wide range of fineness (between 180 and 2000 m²/kg) and replacement rates (up to 75%), show that short-term degrees of hydration in mortars containing a chemically inert mineral admixture (quartz) are always higher than for a reference mortar. This study confirms that cement hydration is enhanced by inert mineral admixtures. The two main physical effects responsible for the modification of the hydration of cement are identified as the dilution effect and heterogeneous nucleation. The dilution effect of the cement is highlighted with a coarse mineral admixture. The heterogeneous nucleation effect, although it increases with fineness of mineral admixtures, presents an optimum depending on the replacement rate. In the following part of this work, these results will be used for the development of an empirical model allowing us to quantify both physical effects.     

氯氧镁水泥固化过程的热效应及影响因素的研究

本文测定了氯氧镁水泥固化过程的水化热，并系统研究了ＭｇＯ的制备温度和细度，浆体的配合比例和拌和方法以及外掺剂等对其水化放热速率和早期放热量的影响。     

水泥矿物成分和掺合料对砂浆脆性的影响

当前对混凝土的抗裂性能提出的要求越来越高。本文结合九·五国家科技攻关课题《提高碾压混凝土抗裂能力的研究》 ,主要从水泥矿物成分和掺合料对抗裂性能的影响进行试验研究分析。在保证混凝土的强度基本不变的情况下 ,外掺水泥矿物成分和掺合料能降低混凝土的弹性模量 ,提高混凝土的极限拉伸值 ,从而提高混凝土的抗裂能力