Characterization and modification of fillers for paints and coatings

This paper highlights the possibility of inverse gas chromatography for the surface characterization of common fillers (CaCO₃, talc, SiO₂,) for paints and coatings. Divided solids are described, on the one hand, by the dispersive component of their surface energy and, on the other, by a specific parameter indicating their acid-base interaction potential. The role of the surface morphology at a molecular level is also examined. It is demonstrated that steric effects play an important role in the adsorption of probes on lamellar solids like talc. The consequences of surface treatments as well as examples of practical applications are also reported.     

K_5CoW_(12)O_(40)·3H_2O催化合成环己酮1,2—丙二醇缩酮

研究了杂多化合物K_5CoW_(12)O_(40)·3H_2O作为催化剂对环己酮和1,2-丙二醇缩酮的催化活性。系统考察了酮醇物质的量比、催化剂质量、带水剂体积、反应时间和催化剂重复使用性等因素对产品收率的影响。实验结果表明,杂多化合物K_5CoW_(12)O_(40)·3H_2O是合成环己酮1,2-丙二醇缩酮的良好催化剂,在酮醇物质的量比为1:1.4、催化剂质量为0.5 g、带水剂环己烷体积为9 mL、反应时间为70 min的最佳条件下,环己酮1,2-丙二醇缩酮的收率最高可达94.2%。     

锂盐改性累托石处理染料废水

采用锂盐对累托石进行改性,研究其最佳改性条件及吸附亚甲基蓝的热力学和动力学规律.以碳酸锂为改性剂,碳酸锂与草酸用量比为0.8∶1,试验出改性的最佳条件为：碳酸锂与累托石质量比为5%,固液比为1∶20,改性时间为3 h.改性后累托石对亚甲基蓝溶液的吸附性能明显优于未改性的累托石,吸附量提高了65%;热力学和动力学探究表明,改性累托石对亚甲基蓝的吸附过程符合Langmuir规律,动力学符合Lagergren准二级动力学规律.     

HS-SPME-GC法测定氨苄西林钠中丙酮和异丙醇残留量

采用顶空—固相微萃取—气相色谱联用技术测定了氨苄西林钠中丙酮和异丙醇残留量。使用100μmPDMS萃取头,顶空平衡温度为60℃,萃取时间为40 min,2m×3 mm(i.d.)不锈钢色谱柱、内填充10%丁二酸乙二醇聚酯/202酸洗红色担体。外标法定量,丙酮测定结果的相对标准偏差(RSD)为0.43%,在0.1μg/g~20μg/g范围时,色谱峰面积与质量浓度之间呈良好线性关系,相关系数(R2)为0.979 9,回收率为97.8%~103%;异丙醇测定结果的相对标准偏差(RSD)为0.88%,在0.2μg/g~20μg/g范围时,色谱峰面积与质量浓度之间呈良好线性关系,相关系数(R2)为0.980 2,回收率为95.7%~101%。     

均匀设计在聚酰胺6／纳米Al（OH）3复合材料复配中的应用

选用纳米氢氧化镁（Mg（OH）2）、有机纳米蒙脱土、EPDM弹性体以及玻璃纤维与纳米氢氧化铝[Al（OH）3]进行复配，并与聚己内酰胺共混形成PA6／纳米Al（OH）3复合材料。用均匀设计U12（I2^4）来安排实验，得到表征复合材料阻燃性能的氧指数数据和表征复合材料力学性能的冲击强度、拉伸强度，断裂伸长率、拉伸弹性模量等数据。利用数学模型得到复配物的添加量与材料阻燃性能和力学性能之间的函数关系。验证实验结果显示回归方程的优化值与验证实验的测定值吻合良好。说明均匀设计能够利用较少的实验次数来揭示复配物的添加量与材料阻燃性能和力学性能之间关系。     

卡尔·费休库伦法测定三水合柠檬酸钙水分研究

目的:建立卡尔·费休库伦法测定三水合柠檬酸钙中的水分含量。方法:首先利用程序升温系统摸索出三水合柠檬酸钙的加热温度,然后在恒温条件下进行水分测试,确定样品水分检测时间。利用水标准物质进行加标回收,对两个不同批次的三水合柠檬酸钙样品进行精密度实验,并将两家实验室对两个批次同一样品的检测数据进行对比研究。结果:当加热温度为180℃时,三水合柠檬酸钙样品的结晶水全部检出,检测时间为30min。加标回收率达到99.6%～100.3%,回收率良好。两个不同批次的样品水分含量的相对平均偏差分别为0.27%和0.33%,结果精密度高。两家实验室的检测数据的相对平均偏差为0.16%～0.36%,精密度和重复性良好。结论:采用卡尔·费休库伦法测定三水合柠檬酸钙的水分含量,可以使样品中的游离水和结晶水完全检出,且精密性、重复性和稳定性良好,是测定其真实水分的有效方法。     

Antitumor Activity of Ionic Liquids Based on Ampicillin

Significant antiproliferative effects against various tumor cell lines were observed with novel ampicillin salts as ionic liquids. The combination of anionic ampicillin with appropriate ammonium, imidazolium, phosphonium, and pyridinium cations yielded active pharmaceutical ingredient ionic liquids (API‐ILs) that show potent antiproliferative activities against five different human cancer cell lines: T47D (breast), PC3 (prostate), HepG2 (liver), MG63 (osteosarcoma), and RKO (colon). Some API‐ILs showed IC₅₀ values between 5 and 42 nM , activities that stand in dramatic contrast to the negligible cytotoxic activity level shown by the ampicillin sodium salt. Moreover, very low cytotoxicity against two primary cell lines—skin (SF) and gingival fibroblasts (GF)—indicates that the majority of these API‐ILs are nontoxic to normal human cell lines. The most promising combination of antitumor activity and low toxicity toward healthy cells was observed for the 1‐hydroxyethyl‐3‐methylimidazolium–ampicillin pair ([C₂OHMIM][Amp]), making this the most suitable lead API‐IL for future studies.     

热塑性聚氨酯弹性体/氢氧化铝纳米复合材料的热性能分析

以TPU为基体,纳米氢氧化铝(ATH)作为主要改性剂,采用溶液-凝胶法制备ATH/聚醚分散体系,原位聚合法制备TPU/ATH纳米复合材料,并对复合材料的热性能进行分析。DSC分析表明,纳米ATH的添加没有改变TPU微相分离结构,但使TPU软段的玻璃化温度和硬段的分解温度有所提高,说明纳米ATH既存在于聚氨酯大分子软段区又存在于硬段区;TGA-DTA分析表明,纳米ATH改性后的TPU耐热性有所提高,分解温程拓宽约20℃。     

Enhancement of over expression and chaperone assisted yield of folded recombinant aconitase in Escherichia coli in bioreactor cultures

A major portion of the over expressed yeast mitochondrial aconitase, a large 82 kDa monomeric TCA cycle enzyme, in Escherichia coli led to the formation of inclusion bodies. Bacterial chaperonin GroEL mediated the correct folding of aconitase with the assistance of its co-chaperonin GroES in an ATP dependent manner. Till date the chaperonin assisted folding of aconitase was limited to the shake flask studies with relatively low yields of folded aconitase. No attempt had yet been made to enhance the yield of chaperone mediated folding of aconitase using a bioreactor. The current report deals with the effect of co-expression of GroEL/GroES in the production of soluble, biologically active recombinant aconitase in E. coli by cultivation in a bioreactor at different temperatures under optimized conditions. It revealed that the yield of functional aconitase was enhanced, either in presence of co-expressed GroEL/ES or at low temperature cultivation. However, the outcome from the chaperone assisted folding of aconitase was more pronounced at lower temperature. A 3-fold enhancement in the yield of functional aconitase from the bioreactor based chaperone assisted folding was obtained as compared to the shake flask study. Hence, the present study provides optimized conditions for increasing the yield of functional aconitase by batch cultivation in a bioreactor.     

Prevalence and antimicrobial resistance of Salmonella isolated from an integrated broiler chicken supply chain in Qingdao,China

The present study analyzed the prevalence and antimicrobial resistance of Salmonella along an integrated broiler chicken supply chain. A total of 172 Salmonella isolates were recovered from 1148 samples collected from four sample sources (breeder farms, broiler farms, abattoir, and retail markets), representing nine production stages. These Salmonella isolates were examined for antimicrobial susceptibility to 12 different antimicrobial agents using a disk diffusion assay. Among them, 168 were identified as six different serotypes of Salmonella enterica. The predominant serotype was S. Enteritidis (n = 116), followed by S. Infantis (n = 18), S. Gueuletapee (n = 16), S. Derby (n = 12), S. Meleagridis (n = 4), and S. London (n = 2). The remaining four isolates were serogroup-untypeable. A majority of the 172 isolates (96.51%) was resistant to one or more antibiotics and 61.05% of the Salmonella isolates showed a multidrug resistance phenotype. Statistical analysis indicated the one risk product stage for Salmonella contamination occurred in the sample source at the abattoir, specifically the stage of Carcasses after chilling. The majority of S. Enteritidis isolates shared the same pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (PFGE) cluster, suggesting that the S. Enteritidis strain might spread along the broiler chicken supply chain. The prevalence and antimicrobial resistance of Salmonella in different production stages suggest the importance of controlling Salmonella in the broiler chicken supply chain for public health, underlying the need for improved measures of reducing carcass contamination in abattoirs and the appropriate use of antimicrobials in broiler flocks.