基于分形插值的改进趋势面拟合法在地面沉降中的应用

针对区域地面沉降监测点数量有限、分布不均的情况,一般采用空间插值的手段建立表面拟合模型来解决。基于分形插值,采用随机选择迭代函数的思想对传统的趋势面拟合法作出改进,改进后拟合优度系数提高0.03,达到0.995,且改进前后的拟合结果符合显著性检验的要求。实验结果表明:改进前后趋势面拟合法拟合结果满足地面沉降监测的精度要求,改进后方法的拟合优度更高,对现实地面沉降量变化的描绘更加真实,可为沉降灾害评价工作提供更准确的依据。     

Elitist clonal selection algorithm for optimal choice of free knots in B-spline data fitting

Data fitting with B-splines is a challenging problem in reverse engineering for CAD/CAM, virtual reality, data visualization, and many other fields. It is well-known that the fitting improves greatly if knots are considered as free variables. This leads, however, to a very difficult multimodal and multivariate continuous nonlinear optimization problem, the so-called knot adjustment problem. In this context, the present paper introduces an adapted elitist clonal selection algorithm for automatic knot adjustment of B-spline curves. Given a set of noisy data points, our method determines the number and location of knots automatically in order to obtain an extremely accurate fitting of data. In addition, our method minimizes the number of parameters required for this task. Our approach performs very well and in a fully automatic way even for the cases of underlying functions requiring identical multiple knots, such as functions with discontinuities and cusps. To evaluate its performance, it has been applied to three challenging test functions, and results have been compared with those from other alternative methods based on AIS and genetic algorithms. Our experimental results show that our proposal outperforms previous approaches in terms of accuracy and flexibility. Some other issues such as the parameter tuning, the complexity of the algorithm, and the CPU runtime are also discussed.     

减少手术创伤始终是妇科肿瘤手术快速康复的决定性因素

减少手术创伤始终是快速康复的决定性因素,这一点在目前的加速康复外科研究尤其是复杂手术,如妇科肿瘤手术中尚未得到充分重视。尊重学习曲线、全面规划手术方案、总结失利经验、开展前瞻性研究是解决此问题的主要方案。本文着重讨论妇科肿瘤手术创伤对术后加速康复的影响及可能的改进措施。     

内插法在相关干涉仪测向体制中的应用

测向误差的减小一直以来都是无线电测向精度提高的一个难点,对于不同的测向体制所采用的减小测向误差的方法都不尽相同。本文主要介绍的是相关干涉仪测向体制的基本原理以及通过内插法的应用来减小测向误差的方法。     

Residual learning rates in lead-acid batteries: Effects on emerging technologies

The low price of lead-acid, the most popular battery, is often used in setting cost targets for emerging energy storage technologies. Future cost reductions in lead acid batteries could increase investment and time scales needed for emerging storage technologies to reach cost-parity. In this paper the first documented model of cost reductions for lead-acid batteries is developed. Regression to a standard experience curve using 1989–2012 data yield a poor fit, with R² values of 0.17 for small batteries and 0.05 for larger systems. To address this problem, battery costs are separated into material and residual costs, and experience curves developed for residual costs. Depending on the year, residual costs account for 41–86% of total battery cost. Using running-time averages to address volatility in material costs, a 4-year time average experience curve for residual costs yield much higher R², 0.78 for small and 0.74 for large lead-acid batteries. The learning rate for residual costs in lead-acid batteries is 20%, a discovery with policy implications. Neglecting to consider cost reductions in lead-acid batteries could result in failure of energy storage start-ups and public policy programs. Generalizing this result, learning in incumbent technologies must be understood to assess the potential of emerging ones.     

混合Hermite-Lagrange插值之同时逼近

对于(-1,1)中的结点组{X_k}_(k=1)~n,记l_k(x)为相应的Lagrange插值基本多项式,又记A_n=‖∑(2-x~2-x_k~2)(1-x_k~2)~-1丨l_k(x)‖。对于f∈C_([-1,1)~q与r=[q+2/2],本文证明满足条件H_n(f,x_k)=f(x_k)(k=1,2,…,n),H_n~(s)(f,±1)=f~(s)(±1)(s=0,1,…,n-1)的n+2r-1次代数多项式H_n(f,x)有逼近性质H_n~(s)(f,x)-f~(s)(x)=(?)其中δ_n(x)=n~(-1)(1-x~2)~(1/2),△_n(x)=δ_n(x)+n~(-2).作为证明的重要工具,本文还对n次代数多项式P_n(x),建立了另一形式的Bernstein不等武:若 P_n(x)=O(1)δ_n~q(x)ω(δ_n(x)),则p_n~(S)(X)=O(1)δ_n~(q-2S)(X)ω(δ_n(X))△_n~s(X)。     

Interpolating Quintic Polynomial with C~1 Continuity

A method constructinq C~1 Piecewise quintic polynomial over a triangular grid to interpo-late function values and partial derivatives at vertices is presented in this paper.The set of precise poly-nomials of this method is discussed.     

长距离曲线顶管在杭州河坊街工程中的应用

对杭州市重点工程—杭州河坊街长距离曲线顶管进行了总结和介绍 ,可为同类工程借鉴和参考     

心电图信号的频域分析

提出了一种简便有效的、由心电图（ECG）曲线提取QRS-T复合波的新方法，从而获得P波（当房颤未发生时）或f波（当房颤时）；利用功率谱、自相关、互相关等信号处理技术，对它进行了处理和分析，特别是，比较了未房颤时和发生房颤时的相关信息的显著差别。     

Feasibility analysis of membrane reactors – discovery of reactive arheotropes

A feasibility analysis methodology adopted from reactive distillation is applied to membrane reactors. A model is formulated to depict the reactive liquid phase composition on the retentate side of a continuous type membrane reactor. The effects of both the chemical reaction kinetics and the membrane mass transfer kinetics on the feasible products are elucidated by means of retentate phase diagrams and bifurcation analysis. The proposed method can be applied to various membrane processes, independent of the specific structure of the membrane. Two quaternary reaction systems are considered to illustrate the methodology. In the first hypothetical system, it is shown how selective membranes can influence the sequence of effective volatilities which in turn affects the feasible products of the system. In the second example of practical importance, i.e. the heterogeneously catalysed synthesis of propyl acetate coupled with permeation through a porous polycarbonate membrane, the dusty gas model is applied to describe the component fluxes through the membrane. For the latter reaction system, the existence of reactive arheotrope is demonstrated. Arheotropes represent mass transfer controlled feasible products of membrane separation process.