在电炉内涂敷碳化硅涂料的节能技术

作者利用日本技术,在电炉内涂敷了自制的碳化硅涂料剂,发现升温时间缩短2/5,省能约8％。     

浅析劳伦斯《儿子与情人》中"黑暗"和"花"的象征意义

劳伦斯在他的自传体小说<儿子与情人>中运用了大量象征.借助于隐晦的意象和象征性的语言,作者诠释了小说的内在主旨和人物复杂隐蔽的心理.文章着重探究"黑暗"和"花"的象征意义.     

Physiological and behavioral responses of Orchestia gammarellus (Amphipoda,Talitridae) towards trace elements contamination soil

Effects of trace elements on the hepatopancreas ultrastructure and on the locomotor activity rhythm were investigated in the amphipod talitrid Orchestia gammarellus collected from Bizerte lagoon banks situated in the north of Tunisia. Animals were exposed to a series of contaminated soil with different concentrations of cadmium and zinc. The locomotor activity rhythm was studied under constant darkness. Histopathological analysis showed that the trace elements, especially the Cd, induced significant changes in the morphology and in the ultrastructural organization of hepatopancreatic cells. The significant alterations obtained were dose dependent. Concerning the behavioral response, results revealed the presence of two components whatever the experimental conditions. In addition, a great inter-individual variability of the locomotor rhythm was observed. Patterns were in majority bimodal for the control individuals and became unimodal and multimodal when exposed under Cd and Zn, respectively. Furthermore, ultradian and circadian periods were determined. The circadian period lengthened after Zn exposure. In addition, the locomotor activity rhythm was more stable for control individuals. However, those exposed to Cd were less active.     

电解磷化膜层的统计试验研究

与传统磷化相比，电解磷化工艺采用电能，具有速度更快，膜层更牢固、覆盖更完整，质量控制更方便等优点。对比了传统工艺与该电解磷化工艺的原理，说明了该工艺无铁淤泥生成的原因。通过统计试验讨论了化学成分对磷化膜质量、表面形貌、组分的影响及膜层质量对其暗度的影响。结果表明，膜层质量与溶液中的锌含量有直接关系，但膜层结构基本不受化学成分的影响，而膜层微观形貌与暗度与其质量有关。由此说明，通过控制磷化液中的锌含量可控制膜层质量，而通过检测膜层外观也可有效监控膜层质量。     

三角褐指藻提取生物柴油的生态响应研究

为了考察光暗对比以及不同碳源类型和浓度对于三角褐指藻生化物质的影响,用含有葡萄糖、乙酸钠和甘油的培养基对三角褐指藻（Phaeodactylum tricornutum）进行培养,并测定生物量、细胞浓度、生化物质以及脂肪酸含量。结果表明,三角褐指藻具有光自养和兼养生长的能力;三角褐指藻对底物浓度与有机碳源具有选择性,其中利用葡萄糖的最佳浓度为20 mmol/L;在500 mL三角瓶培养过程中生长适宜条件为：温度(25±1) ℃,光强25 μmol/（m2·s）,pH为7.5。不管哪种碳源均能够促进三角褐指藻生物量的积累。将细胞浓度达到2.5×106 个/mL培养末期的藻液进行蛋白质、还原糖、叶绿素以及总脂（TOL)含量分析,考察不同生长条件下生化物质的积累以及细胞生物量的变化。通过超声波萃取及索氏抽提总脂,质量分数达到20%（干重）;利用GC-MS分析脂肪酸含量及组成,其中以C16∶1,C16∶0居多,质量分数分别为34.8%,11.9%,可以用于提取生物柴油。     

STN7 Kinase Is Essential for Arabidopsis thaliana Fitness under Prolonged Darkness but Not under Dark-Chilling Conditions

Reversible phosphorylation of photosystem II light harvesting complexes (LHCII) is a well-established protective mechanism enabling efficient response to changing light conditions. However, changes in LHCII phosphorylation were also observed in response to abiotic stress regardless of photoperiod. This study aimed to investigate the impact of dark-chilling on LHCII phosphorylation pattern in chilling-tolerant Arabidopsis thaliana and to check whether the disturbed LHCII phosphorylation process will impact the response of Arabidopsis to the dark-chilling conditions. We analyzed the pattern of LHCII phosphorylation, the organization of chlorophyll–protein complexes, and the level of chilling tolerance by combining biochemical and spectroscopy techniques under dark-chilling and dark conditions in Arabidopsis mutants with disrupted LHCII phosphorylation. Our results show that during dark-chilling, LHCII phosphorylation decreased in all examined plant lines and that no significant differences in dark-chilling response were registered in tested lines. Interestingly, after 24 h of darkness, a high increase in LHCII phosphorylation was observed, co-occurring with a significant F_V/F_M parameter decrease. The highest drop of F_V/F_M was detected in the stn7-1 line–mutant, where the LHCII is not phosphorylated, due to the lack of STN7 kinase. Our results imply that STN7 kinase activity is important for mitigating the adverse effects of prolonged darkness.     

Out of the Shadows: On Light,Darkness and Race in Australian Photography

Photographs of and by indigenous people in colonial countries have received considerable scholarly attention since the 1980s, but the role of colonisation in shaping the meaning of photography has been widely neglected. This article addresses this lacuna by focusing on metaphors of light, darkness and race, through which photography was made meaningful in colonial Australia. Representations of Aboriginality in photographs and in cartoons addressing photography are analysed to reveal how colonialist assumptions about race, light and darkness inform conceptions of Australian photography as process, brand and movement.     

Long-Term Vitamin D Deficiency Results in the Inhibition of Cell Proliferation and Alteration of Multiple Gastric Epithelial Cell Lineages in Mice

Over one billion people globally are vitamin D (VD) deficient. Studies on the biological roles of VD are numerous but very little on the stomach. This project aims to understand how gastric homeostasis is affected by VD deficiency caused by prolonged exposure to darkness alone or combined with VD deficient diet. Three groups of C57/BL6 mice were subjected to different light exposure conditions and diets for 12 months (n = 8–12/group): control—12 h/12 h light/dark SDL (Standard Diet/Light), 24 h dark SDD (Standard Diet/Dark), and 24 h dark VDD (VD deficient diet/Dark). Stomach samples were collected for different multi-label lectin-/immuno-histochemical and qRT-PCR analyses, and the serum for LC-MS-MS. We found that the membrane VD receptor is expressed widely in the stomach when compared to nuclear VD receptors. Compared to SDL, VDD mice developed mucous cell expansion with increased mucins-mRNA (3.27 ± 2.73 (p < 0.05)) increased apoptotic cells, 15 ± 7 (p ≤ 0.001)); decreased cell proliferation, 4 ± 4 (p < 0.05)) and decreased acid secretion 33 ± 2 μEq/kg (p ≤ 0.0001)). Interestingly, mice exposed to full darkness developed mild VD deficiency with higher VD epimer levels: 11.9 ± 2.08 ng/mL (p ≤ 0.0001)), expansion in zymogenic cell number (16 ± 3 (p ≤ 0.01)), and a reduction in acid secretion (18 ± 2 μEq/kg (p ≤ 0.0001)). In conclusion, changes in light exposure or VD levels have serious physiological effects on the gastric mucosa, which should be considered during the management of gastric disorders.     

The response of Arundo donax L. (C3) and Panicum virgatum (C4) to different stresses

In this work, two perennial rhizomatous grasses (Arundo donax L. (giant reed; C₃) and Panicum virgatum L. (switchgrass; C₄)) considered as promising energy crops have been subjected to four different types of stress in two experiments: (i) both species were subjected to four salinity and water stress treatments [well-watered with non-saline solution (WW S−), low-watered with non-saline solution (WS S-), well-watered with saline solution (WW S+) and low-watered with saline solution (WS S+)]; and (ii) both species were subjected to three temperature and light treatments [ambient temperature and light (C), ambient temperature and darkness (AD) and cold temperature and darkness (CD)]. Photosynthetic and physiological parameters as well as biomass production were measured in these plants. It can be hypothesized that a higher photosynthesis rate (A_sat) was be observed in switchgrass as a consequence of its C₄ metabolic pathway. However, our results indicated a similar A_sat at the beginning of the experiment for both species. This could be due to switchgrass being an NAD-ME C₄ type whereas giant reed has been reported as a C₃ species with a high photosynthetic rate. We showed that switchgrass seems to be more resistant to stresses such as water stress, salinity and cold than giant reed in our greenhouse conditions.     

Parboiling of rice. Part II: Effect of hot soaking time on the degree of starch gelatinization

A differential scanning calorimetric study was done on raw and parboiled rice to determine the degree of gelatinization. Unparboiled rice absorbed the highest amount of endothermic heat, the enthalpy change gradually decreasing with increasing hot soaking time. The highest degree of gelatinization was achieved when the paddy was soaked for 120 min at 80 °C. With increasing degree of gelatinization, the yield point in a compression test also increased. During the parboiling process internal fissures were healed, resulting in higher head rice yield during milling.