空气源热泵除霜动态特性实验台研制

针对空气源热泵冬季运行时室外侧蒸发器结霜问题,为了研究空气源热泵的除霜机理、规律和除霜能耗,研制了空气源热泵除霜动态特性实验台.介绍了该实验台的设计方案、主要构成和数据采集系统,并对数据采集系统实时采集出的热泵四个主要部件的压力和温度等热工数据进行分析,综合得出:该实验台操作简单、数据采集自动化程度高且可靠,完全可以模拟实际工况,可为空气源热泵除霜动态特性研究提供十分便捷的平台.     

高电压技术在制冷设备除霜中的应用

为解决制冷系统除霜技术存在的问题,介绍了利用高压静电场技术及扫频高压交流电场技术在制冷系统中除霜的机理及研究进展,基于电流体动力学理论分析了霜晶分别在自然生长以及受高压静电场影响两种情况下不同的生长特性、机理和高压静电场中影响霜沉积量的主要电场参数,以及影响扫频高压交流电场技术除霜效率和能耗的主要参数。研究表明:电压及电场极性对高压静电场除霜的效率影响显著,频宽及交流电场持续施加的时间则是影响扫频高压交流电场除霜效率及能耗的主要电场参数;扫频高压交流电场除霜技术相比于静电场除霜技术,在除霜效率上更高,但能耗上处于劣势。最后,从除霜效率及能耗角度出发,提出了进一步深入研究的方向。     

分液器的原理和应用

介绍了分液器的工作原理,对影响分液器效果的几个主要技术要点进行了分析,同时也介绍了分液器在当今制冷系统中的进一步应用。     

Experimental investigation of energy consumption and environmental impact of adaptive defrost in domestic refrigerators

With the development of human modern society at the turn of the new century, more and more people tend to use new technologies. To keep in tandem with modern technologies, food storage became easier with domestic refrigerators. In such systems, frost formation can be a fundamental problem especially in tropical countries with hot and humid ambient conditions. An adaptive method for defrosting the evaporator of a domestic refrigerator system is presented in this paper. In this method, parameters namely open door time, compressor ON time, previous defrost duration, mode of compressor, fans, and heater action before, during, and after defrost have been considered effective on defrost operation. Experiments have been carried out on two different case study top mounted freezers. Experimental results for case study 1 showed that the adaptive defrost in comparison to the fixed defrost cycles could reduce the energy consumption and Total Equivalent Warming Impact (TEWI) about 13% and 12.5%, respectively. The same parameters for case study 2 were decreased 5.5% and 5.2%, respectively. Furthermore, temperature variation of the compartments for both case studies decreased in comparison to that of their corresponding base case, which prevents quality loss of the stored food during defrost. Briefly, the results showed lower energy consumption, more environmentally friendly effects, and lower compartment temperature change.     

无霜冰箱蒸发器化霜系统的改进设计

依据无霜冰箱蒸发器化霜原理,针对现有化霜系统存在的问题,提出了改进的设计方案,把铝管加热化霜改为石英管辐射化霜,取消了化霜恒温器固定盒;通过对改进前后的比较与分析,证实了改进的可行性;分析表明,通过改进设计提高了冰箱工作的可靠性和经济性.     

风冷热泵除霜方法及其控制

本文在陈述了空气源热泵普及的现状后,指出了其受欢迎的原因及其优缺点,分析霜层形成的机理和常用的除霜方法,并对国内常见的除霜方法做了简单介绍.最后提出空气源热泵除霜中亟待解决的问题和发展前景.     

反循环除霜对热泵用螺杆制冷压缩机性能影响的实验研究

双螺杆制冷压缩机由于其独特的优势已广泛应用于热泵产品中。针对风冷热泵用双螺杆制冷压缩机在反循环除霜过程中的性能特性进行了实验研究,研究结果表明:在进行反循环除霜时对压缩机的冲击比较大,压缩机排气压力急剧下降到0.65 MPa才逐渐上升,而吸气压力先直线上升,接着快速下降,甚至到0.1 MPa,然后才逐步上升,并和排气压力一样出现了较为强烈的波动;压缩机功率出现了类似排气压力的变化趋势;吸、排气温度的变化则缓和许多,排气温度先是由90℃下降到75℃,然后逐渐上高,最高至100℃左右,然后下降并逐渐趋于稳定,而吸气温度先升高并保持一段时间,然后逐渐下降;系统制热量逐渐下降,随后向循环水提供冷量,随着制冷工况的进行,供冷量先增加后逐渐降低并趋于稳定。对反循环除霜对制冷压缩机影响的研究为提高风冷热泵中压缩机的可靠性提供了实验依据。     

A significant advance in defrost control

A significant advance in defrost control for ice removal in refrigerators, freezers, cold stores and heat pump cooling coils is described. This control is based on measurement of the thermal insulation effect of the ice layer, with automatic operation for defrost on demand.     

Transparent Electrothermal Film Defoggers and Antiicing Coatings based on Wrinkled Graphene

Fog, frost, ice, and other natural phenomena can inevitably affect human life and the function of equipment. Therefore, removal or prevention is an urgent problem to be solved. As a new type of 2D material, graphene possesses great application potential in defogging and antiicing. In this work, a graphene film with intentionally increased defects and uniformly distributed wrinkles is synthesized on copper–zinc alloy substrates by chemical vapor deposition, and transparent electrothermal film defoggers are prepared based on such material. The defoggers can completely remove fog within 5 s when supplying a safe voltage of 28 V. The surface resistance of the defoggers is sensitive to humidity and it can monitor the defogging process in real time. Such outstanding performance is attributed to the ultrafast evaporation mechanism, which can prevent excessive water accumulation. The antiicing performance of wrinkled graphene (WG) is further studied. The antiicing coatings can delay freezing for 1.25 h at ?15 °C or 2.8 h at ?10 °C. The superior performance of WG can be explained by its unique surface structure and nanoscale roughness. Taken together, WG is expected to be used in antifog glass, rearview mirror defogging, aircraft surface deicing, and other applications.     

空气源热泵热水机组除霜方式的研究

本文阐述了结霜对空气源热泵热水机组性能的影响,分析了结霜影响机组性能的原因,指出现有除霜方法的利弊,提出了改进的机组除霜方法和运行方式。