Fabrication of Nano-TiO2 Coating for Dye-Sensitized Solar Cell by Vacuum Cold Spraying at Room Temperature

Deposition of nanocrystalline TiO₂ coating at low temperature is becoming more attractive due to the possibility for continuous roll production of the coating for assembly lines of dye-sensitized solar cell (DSC) at a low cost. In this study, porous nano-TiO₂ coating was deposited by vacuum cold spraying (VCS) at room temperature on a conducting glass substrate using commercial P25 nanocrystalline TiO₂ powder. The microstructure of TiO₂ coating was characterized by field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM) and nitrogen adsorption test. A commercial dye (N719) was adsorbed on the surface of TiO₂ particles within the coating to assemble a DSC. The cell performance was evaluated by employing simulated solar light at an intensity of 100 mW/cm². The results showed that TiO₂ coating was deposited by the agglomerates of nano-TiO₂ powders. The Brunauer-Emmett-Teller (BET) test of the as-sprayed TiO₂ coating yielded a porosity of 49% and an average pore size of 17 nm. The assembled solar cell yielded a short-circuit current density of 7.3 mA/cm² and an energy conversion efficiency of 2.4%. The test results indicate that VCS was a promising method to deposit nanocrystalline TiO₂ coatings at low temperature applied to DSCs. This article is an invited paper selected from presentations at the 2007 International Thermal Spray Conference and has been expanded from the original presentation. It is simultaneously published in Global Coating Solutions, Proceedings of the 2007 International Thermal Spray Conference, Beijing, China, May 14-16, 2007, Basil R. Marple, Margaret M. Hyland, Yuk-Chiu Lau, Chang-Jiu Li, Rogerio S. Lima, and Ghislain Montavon, Ed., ASM International, Materials Park, OH, 2007.     

基于MATLAB/Simulink的染料敏化太阳能电池输出特性仿真

根据染料敏化太阳能电池(DSSC)的等效电路,应用MATLAB/Simulink工具建立仿真模型,对DSSC的输出伏安特性及输出功率进行仿真,讨论串联电阻和分流电阻对DSSC性能的影响.仿真结果表明,随着串联电阻的增加,开路电压不变,短路电流密度、最大输出功率及填充因子降低;随着分流电阻的增加,开路电压、短路电流密度、...     

1-丁基-3-甲基咪唑碘对染料敏化太阳电池的影响

采用季铵化反应合成了1-丁基-3-甲基咪唑碘([Bmim]I).以此制备了DSCs用液体电解质.通过对比不同浓度的1-丁基-3-甲基咪唑碘、碘化钾、碘,研究其对电池性能的影响.经过优化后,当cIL=0.9 mol.L-1、cKI=0.5 mol.L-1、cI2=0.12 mol.L-1时,所组装的离子液体DSCs在AM1.5,100 mW.cm-2下,DSCs的短路电流密度为15.97 mA.cm-2、开路电压为0.71 V、填充因子为0.55、光电转换效率可达6.34%.     

Gel polymer electrolyte based on poly(acrylonitrile-co-styrene) and a novel organic iodide salt for quasi-solid state dye-sensitized solar cell

A gel polymer electrolyte based on poly(acrylonitrile-co-styrene) as polymer matrix and N-methyl pyridine iodide salt as I⁻ source was prepared. Controlling the concentration of polymer matrix of poly(acrylonitrile-co-styrene) at 17.5 wt.%, mixing the binary organic solvents mixture ethylene carbonate and propylene carbonate with 6:4 (w/w), and the concentration of N-methyl pyridine iodide and iodine with 0.5 and 0.05 M, respectively, the gel polymer electrolyte attains the maximum ionic conductivity (at 30 °C) of 4.63 mS cm⁻¹. Based on the gel polymer electrolyte, a quasi-solid state dye-sensitized solar cell was fabricated and its overall energy conversion efficiency of light-to-electricity of 3.10% was achieved under irradiation of 100 mW cm⁻².     

Preparation and characterization of TiO2 photoelectrode codoped with aluminum and boron and its application in dye-sensitized solar cell

Nanocrystalline titania films codoped with aluminum and boron were prepared by cathodic vacuum arc deposition. In the process, titanium alloy target was used under an O2/Ar atmosphere, and sensitization of films were carried out by natural dye-sensitized complex in anhydrous ethanol. The structure, surface morphology and UV-vis spectra of titania films codoped were measured by X-ray diffraction analysis, scanning electron microscopy and ultraviolet-visible spectrometer. Theas-deposited films are found to be amorphous. The films annealed were examinedto be of anatase structure with orientation along the (101) planes, the averagecrystal size is in the range between 41 and 45 nm. SEM results show that thereare some pores in the codoped titania films, the optical properties of the dye-sensitized films were also measured which reveals that the spectral responses of films shift to the visible region. Under simulated sunlight illumination, the overall energy conversion efficiency of dye-sensitized nanocrystalline solar cell is 0.9%.     

合成介质对PEDOT催化染料敏化太阳电池光阴极性能的影响

采用聚3,4-乙烯二氧噻吩(PEDOT)/FTO为对电极,研究了合成介质对循环伏安法电聚合制备的PEDOT/FTO对电极性能的影响。通过SEM、CV、EIS、Tafel曲线,并首次采用SECM方法对所制备的对电极的电催化性能进行了表征。结果表明:在LiClO4水溶液和1-丁基-3-甲基四氟硼酸盐离子液体(IL)中制备的光阴极具有良好的电催化性能。J-V测试曲线表明,在LiClO4水溶液和IL中制备的光阴极所组装的DSSC器件的光电转化效率分别达6.4%和6.6%,接近于同等条件下以Pt对电极构建的DSSC器件的光电转化效率。     

电沉积法制备DSSCs的CNTs对电极

以碳纳米管(CNTs)为原料,采用电沉积方法制备了染料敏化太阳能电池的对电极。研究了电沉积过程中外加电压、水浴温度、沉积时间对CNTs对电极及其组装电池性能的影响。用扫描电子显微镜对CNTs薄膜的表面形貌进行表征,通过电池的短路电流密度、开路电压、填充因子和光电转换效率等指标来表征CNTs对电极组装电池的性能。结果表明,当外加电压为20V、电沉积时间为10min、水浴温度为65℃时,CNTs对电极组装的电池光电转换性能最佳,为3.77%。     

双峰纳晶介孔TiO2的制备及在染料敏化太阳电池中的应用

采用水热法,以三嵌段共聚物聚氧化乙烯-聚氧化丙烯-聚氧化乙烯(EO20PO70EO20,P123)为模板剂,钛酸四丁酯为前驱体,制备了双峰纳晶介孔TiO2,分别利用X射线衍射(XRD)、比表面积与孔径分析、场发射扫描电子显微镜(SEM)以及透射电子显微镜(TEM)对制备的介孔TiO2的相结构、比表面积、孔径和形貌进行了表征,探讨了P123用量对纳晶TiO2微结构的影响。以双峰纳晶介孔TiO2作为染料敏化太阳电池的光阳极材料组装的太阳电池的光电转化效率达5.18%,与相同条件下以P25作光阳极材料组装的电池效率(4.02%)相比提高了28.85%,初步显示了双峰纳晶介孔TiO2在太阳电池领域中的应用潜力。     

染料敏化纳米晶MgO/TiO2薄膜太阳能电池

染料敏化TiO2薄膜太阳能电池被认为是硅基太阳能电池的潜在替代产品,但其光电转化效率较低.为了提高光电转化效率,采用物理吸附的方法,利用宽禁带半导体MgO对TiO2光阳极进行表面修饰.研究表明:大部分MgO进入到TiO2的表面结构中,复合薄膜形成的表面势垒改变了TiO2的禁带结构,有效的抑制了电池内部复合反应的进行,使电池的光电转化效率提高.MgO与TiO2之间的界面效应,增加了光在薄膜内的传输路径,使电池吸光度、染料吸附量增加.其中光电转化效率同未经修饰的染料敏化TiO2薄膜太阳能电池相比,提高了24.5%.