碟形弹簧竖向减震装置的性能试验研究

基础隔震技术是目前应用最广泛的结构控制方法,但是,目前这种技术只是最大限度地减少或隔离水平地震作用,而对竖向地震作用几乎没有影响。为改善隔震技术在隔离竖向地震中的限制,研制了一种由碟形弹簧和粘弹性阻尼器组合而成的碟形弹簧竖向减震装置,并对其进行了在静载和动载作用下的力学性能试验研究,给出了该装置在竖向静力和动力作用下的等效刚度和阻尼比,建立了恢复力模型,试验研究表明,碟形弹簧竖向减震装置能有效的解决竖向大承载力和竖向阻尼的难题,力学性能优良且稳定,加工制作容易,是一种比较理想的竖向减震装置。     

LRB曲线桥震致碰撞效应的非线性分析方法

发展了一种适用于体元模拟联间轴向正面碰撞效应的束缚面型碰撞单元（Constraint-sur-face Impact Element,CIE）;基于柔度法给出了不同以往文献中碰撞单元刚度的计算取值,该取值不仅理论合理且在物理角度可解释其合理性。将该方法应用于广州潮汕机场航站楼高架桥的震致碰撞分析。箱梁采用壳单元模拟,伸缩缝位置设有CIE,桥墩与箱梁间设置隔震单元模拟铅芯橡胶隔振支座（Lead-rubber Bearing,LRB）,采用通过试验得到的双线性刚度模型模拟其物理行为。采用非线性直接积分法进行时程分析,主要考察联间的碰撞力、LRB滞回耗能、LRB位移量、基底弯矩、剪力以及碰撞力分别对这些因素的影响。     

材料损伤累积在网壳强震失效研究中的应用

为在网壳结构强震分析中考虑材料损伤累积及裂纹效应的影响,编制了通用有限元软件ABAQUS的用户材料子程序,通过标准子程序验证表明具有较高的计算精度.应用该程序对网壳结构在地震下的典型算例进行了对比分析,表明子程序具有较好的收敛性能,实现了考虑钢材损伤累积的有限元分析方法.应用该程序,并结合基于响应的动力全过程分析方法,对网壳结构在强震下的响应进行了参数研究,考察了结构失效时刻的特征响应.通过是否考虑材料损伤累积的对比表明,考虑这个因素对失效时刻的塑性发展影响不大,但可能明显降低结构的失效极限荷载,需要在分析中予以重视.     

设计用随机地震动模型与参数的改进

在地震动平稳过滤有色噪声模型基础上，基于“二态Ｍａｒｋｏｖ，，跨越假定完善了模型参数的确定方法，建立了地震动随机模型与抗震设计规范ＧＢＪ１１－８９的联系。具体确定了模型参数（平稳持时Ｔｄ，谱强度因子Ｓ０和非平稳强度函数ｆ（ｔ）与三水准烈度（小震、中震和大震）、场地类别、近远震的定量关系，为工程结构的概率抗震设计提供了初步可用的输入地震动模型与荷载标准。     

孕震过程中次声波的产生机理

提出了一个临震次声波产生的机理模型,认为孕震末期地质结构动力行为引起的地表变形与空气耦合运动导致可观测次声波.并以日本地震板块为研究对象,建立其数值模型,采用二维瞬态有限元分析方法,分层考虑不同深度地质参数,模拟了日本东北部地区地表的运动,计算了地表位移及次声波压力变化曲线,模拟出了临震次声波,次声信号波形特征、频率范围与实际观测基本一致,结果表明孕震一次声机理模型是合理的.     

震级、震中距和场地条件对反应谱特性影响的统计分析

选取世界各地的地震记录共324组,研究了竖向与水平反应谱的比值(V/H)、反应谱峰值周期(T^p)、动力放大系数最大值(β_max)、地震影响系数最大值(α_max)和2水平向峰值周期的差值(ΔT_p)等参数,以及这些参数与场地类别、震级和震中距的关系.结果表明:1)现行规范中V/H=2/3基本符合实际情况的;2)竖向T_p略小于相应水平T_p;竖向T_p随震中距和震级增大,场地类别的影响不明显;3)α_max随震中距的增加而减小.当震中距离比较大时,场地条件对α_max值的影响不明显;4)2个水平向反应谱的特征周期存在一定差异,随震级的增大这一差异有增大的趋势.     

Probabilistic Seismic Hazard Assessment for Bridgetown-Barbados,Employing Subduction Interface Characteristic Earthquakes

A new probabilistic seismic hazard analysis was performed for the city of Bridgetown, Barbados, West Indies. Hazard computations have been performed using the standard Cornell-McGuire approach based on the definition of appropriate seismogenic sources and expected maximum magnitudes, the authors take into consideration the possibility of large subduction interface earthquakes of magnitude 8.0-9.0 beneath the Barbados accretionary prism via application of a characteristic model and slip rates. The analysis has been conducted using a standard logic-tree approach. Uniform hazard spectra have been calculated for the 5% of critical damping and the horizontal component of ground motion for rock site conditions setting 5 return periods （95, 475, 975, 2,475 and 4,975 years） and spectral accelerations for 34 structural periods ranging from 0 to 3 s. The disaggregation results suggest that the magnitude-distance pair that dominates the hazard yields M 7.4 and 8.6 and a distance of 42.5 km in the Interface Subduction Zone beneath Barbados for the 475 and 975 years RP （return period）, respectively. An event with an M 8.0 at a distance of 107.5 km in the Intraplate Subduction Zone is the second scenario that dominates the hazard for both 475 and 975 years RP.     

Pulse extraction and displacement response evaluation for long-period ground motions

Long-period ground motions with directivity and/or path effects are often characterised by the presence of velocity and acceleration pulses in the lowermost frequency range. An objective of this article is to present a discrete-time signal processing method for isolating these pulses. In this method, the velocity and the acceleration pulses are identified by applying a low-pass discrete-time filter H_lp (ω) at a suitable cut-off frequency f _c to the Fourier transforms of the original velocity and acceleration ground motion time histories, respectively. Another objective of this article is to present a mathematical expression for evaluating the linear displacement response of a single degree-of-freedom (SDF) system by simultaneous application of two frequency modulators, H_lp (ω) and H_u (ω), to the original ground excitation. By using only the pulse component of the ground motion as the excitation force, it is shown that the displacement response of the SDF system with natural period exceeding a certain value referred to as the cut-off period T _c is quite comparable with that due to the original ground excitation. Also, for ground motions that contain multiple-period pulses, it is shown that the displacement response spectrum of the SDF system exhibits multiple peaks at different natural system periods T _n.     

A new control algorithm to protect nonlinear base‐isolated structures against earthquakes

Currently, nonlinear base isolation systems are widely used in the construction of earthquake resistant structures. However, they are found to be vulnerable in near‐fault regions as a result of long‐period pulses that may exist in near‐source ground motions. Various control strategies including passive, active and semi‐active control systems have been studied in order to handle this issue. In this study, a semi‐active control algorithm based on the different performance levels anticipated from an isolated building during different levels of ground shaking was developed. The proposed performance‐based algorithm is based on a modified version of the well‐known semi‐active skyhook control algorithm. A series of analyses were performed on the base‐isolated benchmark building, suggested by the American Society of Civil Engineers committee, subject to seven pairs of scaled ground‐motion records. The results proved that the new control algorithm is successful in improving structural and nonstructural performance of isolated buildings under near‐fault earthquakes. Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

损伤对单层柱面网壳在强震下破坏影响

利用通用有限元分析软件Abaqus,采用宏观、微观响应指标,通过对比理想与损伤两种情况下结构响应的差异,研究强震下损伤对单层柱面网壳破坏的影响。