吐丝圈径对大规格高碳盘条组织性能的影响

计算与分析了斯太尔摩冷线上盘条的吐丝圈径、搭接密度及"佳灵"装置横向布风曲线之间的关系,研究了吐丝圈径的大小对大规格82B盘条组织和性能的影响,确定了大规格82B盘条最小吐丝圈径应为980mm.     

不同加工工艺的锑化镓晶片损伤研究

用透射电子显微镜、扫描电镜对锑化镓材料切、磨、抛等加工工艺引入的表面损伤进行观察和检测。结果表明：切割加工是锑化镓单晶晶片表面损伤层引入的主要工序；锑化镓单晶切割片表面极不平整，有金刚砂所引起的较粗桔皮皱纹；其表面损伤层深度≤30μm；双面研磨的锑化镓晶片表面仍有较粗桔皮皱纹，但比切割片的要细，而且桔皮皱纹的深浅随磨砂（Al2O3)粒径的减小而变细变浅；晶片的表面损伤层深度（≤5μm）也随着磨砂粒径的减小而减小。一般情况下，其损伤层的深度约为磨砂粒径的1/2。机械化学抛光加工的锑化镓晶片表面的SEM像观察不到桔皮皱纹；其损伤层深度约55nm。     

基于悬臂梁称重传感器的圆弧刀研磨力测量仪设计

为解决双圆锥形圆弧刀研磨力在线测量难题,设计了杠杆原理为基础的圆弧刀研磨力测量仪,建立了圆弧刀与磨盘之间研磨力数学模型。该仪器采用悬臂梁称重传感器,并以DSP2812为主控芯片,实现了圆弧刀研磨力的在线采集、处理、存储及实时显示等功能。实验表明:仪器的称重传感精度优于0.15 N,圆弧刀研磨力变化范围降低28.8%,满足圆弧刀研制的需求。该仪器性能稳定,具有较好的实用价值,为高质量的圆弧刀研制和光栅刻划技术提供了技术保障。     

Design of a six-axis high precision machine tool and its application in machining aspherical optical mirrors

The paper presents the design of a six-axis machining system and its application in fabricating large off-axis aspherical mirrors with sub-aperture lapping techniques. The new system is based on computer-controlled optical surfacing (CCOS), which combines the faculties of grinding, polishing, and on-machine profile measuring, has the features of conventional loose abrasive machining with the characteristics of a tool having multiple degrees of freedom moving in planar model. And a novel dual touch-trigger probe profiler is designed, which is composed of a probe, model METRO-MT60 made by HEIDENHAIN Co., is integrated into the system for measuring the shape accuracy of the tested aspherical surface, another probe modeled METRO-MT12 is designed as a calibrating device for minimizing the cosine error caused by assembly inaccuracy. The new CNC machining system with two kinds of moving coordinate systems, dual tool activities and on-machine measuring is presently developed based on the new concept. The general material removal function during machining is analyzed on the basis of the Preston hypothesis. Further, an alignment test of the measuring profiler is carried out using a leveling rule as a specimen. The accuracy of the optical surfaces measured by the dual probe profiler is found to be within 1 μm PV after removing cosine error and error compensating, achieves to the resolving power of the profiler is about 0.2–0.5 μm, so the developed system can be applied to the shape accuracy measuring of aspheric fabrication with micro precision during fine grinding process according to the calibrating results. Finally, the manufacturing experiments are carried out by virtue of an off-axis oblate ellipsoid mirror with rectangular aperture as 770 mm×210 mm and centered 127 mm. The accuracy of the aspherical mirror improved from the initial form error of 17.648 μm rms to the final one of 0.728 μm rms after grinding for 200 h.     

固着磨料研磨对工件表面残余应力的影响

探讨了固着磨研磨中磨料尺寸，研磨压力和研磨速度等研磨参数对工件已加工表面残余应力的影响规律。发现了固着磨料研磨使工件表面产生的残余应力为压应力。当磨料尺寸增大，研磨速度提高时，残余应力增大。其增大速度随磨料尺寸增大而减小，随研磨速度的提高而增加。     

固结磨料研磨单晶蓝宝石亚表面损伤的预测

目的 为了准确预测工件亚表面损伤，合理确定材料去除量，优化固结磨料研磨单晶蓝宝石的工艺参数。方法 针对固结磨料研磨特点和单晶蓝宝石特性，采用离散元模拟技术，建立单晶蓝宝石材料的离散元模型，仿真固结磨料对材料研磨的动态过程，分析载荷作用下材料单元颗粒间裂纹的产生和扩展规律，研究磨粒切入深度对亚表面损伤的影响，预测固结磨料研磨单晶蓝宝石亚表面裂纹的数量和深度，并借助化学腐蚀法验证预测结果。结果 采用粒度分别为W14、W28、W50、W65的金刚石固结磨料垫，其对应的研磨单晶蓝宝石亚表面损伤层深度预测值分别为3.75、5.28、7.62、10.92 μm，预测的裂纹数量分别为199、236、526、981条，对应的实验实测值分别为3.79、5.88、8.76、11.44 μm。固结磨料垫中的磨料粒径越大，单晶蓝宝石亚表面损伤层的深度越大，裂纹数量越密集。对比发现腐蚀实验的实测值和理论预测值基本一致，验证了预测结果模型的正确性。结论 采用离散元法可以快速有效地预测固结磨料研磨单晶蓝宝石亚表面损伤层的裂纹数量和深度，为研磨工艺参数的优化和后续抛光工艺参数的制定提供指导。     

横移计量法在经编织物设计及分析中的应用

如何快速有效地设计、分析出正确的垫纱运动图,提高经编产品设计、分析效率,是从业人员面临的一个难点.运用横移计量法解决该难点是一种有效的途径.     

磨削、研磨、喷丸处理对马氏体不锈钢疲劳强度的影响

通过对马氏体不锈钢(2Cr13)试片热处理强化处理后，分别进行了磨削后研磨加工、喷丸处理，以探讨表层硬度、表层残余应力及表面粗糙度等因素对疲劳强度的影响。实验表明，减少表面粗糙度Ra值，增加表层残余应力是提高2Cr13不锈钢使用寿命的有效方法。     

国外交叉铺网技术概述

本介绍了铺网机在机械成网中的重要作用，讨论了新型铺网机为了解决传统铺网机生产纤网的弊端所作的改进，以及改进后的几大优点。     

浅析精研瘤的形成及预防措施

球轴承套圈沟道在精研过程中由于加工不当沟道表面易产生精研瘤,因此在加工过程中通过合理选用和调整超精研时的工艺参数来避免精研瘤的产生。