金属结单电子晶体管的模型建立及实验验证

在正统理论的基础上，使用主方程法建立了金属结单电子晶体管的器件模型和算法流程．将电容、电阻和温度等参数代入器件模型得到的I-V特性曲线与实验结果吻合较好，从而验证了模型、算法以及程序流程的正确性．此外，通过详细讨论模拟与实验的三组曲线差别，得到模型使用主方程的稳态解是导致模拟与实验之间结果存在差别的主要原因，即求解含有时间的主方程将增加模拟精度；而且，指出镜像电荷引起的电势使电流随电压呈现指数增加的主要影响因素，明显偏离理论模拟的线性增加趋势．     

电子在耦合的多量子点器件中的动力学特性

本文通过对三量子点的对称和不对称耦合的研究,揭示了电子在耦合的三量子点体系中的动力学特性,研究发现,当三个量子点耦合在一起时,电子在三个量子点之间隧穿,在大多数情况下,电子在第三个量子点的几率小于1。     

单电子晶体管电导振荡及其解释

文中概述了单电子晶体管电导振荡的特点并进行了理论解释，进而讨论了介观电容及电容谱的概念。     

All two-input logic gates by a single-stage single electron box

In this paper, the design of all two-input logic gates is presented by only a single-stage single electron box (SEB) for the first time. All gates are constructed based on a same circuit. We have used unique periodic characteristics of SEB to design these gates and present all two-input logic gates (monotonic/non-monotonic, symmetric/non-symmetric) by a single-stage design. In conventional monotonic devices, such as MOSFETs, implementing non-monotonic logic gates such as XOR and XNOR is impossible by only a single-stage design, and a multistage design is required which leads to more complexity, higher power consumption and less speed of the gates. We present qualitative design at first and then detailed designs are investigated and optimised by using our previous works. All designs are verified by a single electron simulator which shows correct operation of the gates.     

单电子器件

综述了单电子器件的研究进展,包括单电子器件的简要历史、研究现状、基本理论、工作性能及制作工艺,并且深入讨论了本领域今后的发展方向。     

金属结单电子晶体管的模型建立及实验验证

在正统理论的基础上,使用主方程法建立了金属结单电子晶体管的器件模型和算法流程.将电容、电阻和温度等参数代入器件模型得到的I-Ⅴ特性曲线与实验结果吻合较好,从而验证了模型、算法以及程序流程的正确性.此外,通过详细讨论模拟与实验的三组曲线差别,得到模型使用主方程的稳态解是导致模拟与实验之间结果存在差别的主要原因,即求解含有时间的主方程将增加模拟精度;而且,指出镜像电荷引起的电势使电流随电压呈现指数增加的主要影响因素,明显偏离理论模拟的线性增加趋势.     

Strawberry‐like Core–Shell Ag@Polydopamine@BaTiO3 Hybrid Nanoparticles for High‐k Polymer Nanocomposites with High Energy Density and Low Dielectric Loss

Flexible nanocomposites comprising of polymer and high‐dielectric‐constant (high‐k) ceramic nanoparticles are becoming increasingly attractive for dielectric and energy storage applications in modern electronic and electric industry. However, a huge challenge still remains. Namely, the increase of dielectric constant usually at the cost of significant decrease of breakdown strength of the nanocomposites because of the electric field distortion and concentration induced by the high‐k filler. To address this long‐standing problem, by using nano‐Ag decorated core–shell polydopamine (PDA) coated BaTiO₃ (BT) hybrid nanoparticles, a new strategy is developed to prepare high‐k polymer nanocomposites with high breakdown strength. The strawberry‐like BT‐PDA‐Ag based ferroelectric polymer [i.e., poly(vinylideneflyoride‐co‐hexafluroro propylene), P(VDF‐HFP)] nanocomposites exhibit greatly enhanced energy density and significantly suppressed dielectric loss as well as leakage current density in comparison with the nanocomposites with the core–shell structured BT‐PDA. Coulomb‐blockade effect of super‐small nano‐Ag is used to explain the observed performance enhancement of the nanocomposites. The simplicity and scalability of the described approach provide a promising route to polymer nanocomposites for dielectric and energy storage applications.     

Immune Checkpoint Blockade in Advanced Cutaneous Squamous Cell Carcinoma: What Do We Currently Know in 2020?

Cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma (cSCC) is the second most common skin cancer that predominantly arises in chronically sun-damaged skin. Immunosuppression, genetic disorders such as xeroderma pigmentosum (XP), exposure to certain drugs and environmental noxae have been identified as major risk factors. Surgical removal of cSCC is the therapy of choice and mostly curative in early stages. However, a minority of patients develop locally advanced tumors or distant metastases that are still challenging to treat. Immune checkpoint blockade (ICB) targeting CTLA-4, PD-L1 and PD-1 has tremendously changed the field of oncological therapy and especially the treatment of skin cancers as tumors with a high mutational burden. In this review, we focus on the differences between cSCC and cutaneous melanoma (CM) and their implications on therapy, summarize the current evidence on ICB for the treatment of advanced cSCC and discuss the chances and pitfalls of this therapy option for this cancer entity. Furthermore, we focus on special subgroups of interest such as organ transplant recipients, patients with hematologic malignancies, XP and field cancerization.     

腔磁力系统中的诱导透明和快慢光传播

为了在腔磁力系统中实现可控的磁子诱导透明、磁力诱导透明以及快慢光传播,建立了一个混合腔磁力系统.该系统由一个含有YIG球的微波腔和在z方向对球施加一个均匀的偏置磁场组成,并用强泵浦场驱动磁子和弱探测场驱动微波腔.研究表明,通过调节腔与磁子之间的相互作用强度和微波腔与磁子的耗散比,可以增加磁子诱导透明(MIT)、磁力诱导透明(MMIT)的效果和提高快慢光传播的速度.该研究结果可为磁力诱导放大、量子光学操纵和量子信息存储以及灵敏光开关的研究提供参考.     

Evaluation of a Radiolabeled Macrocyclic Peptide as Potential PET Imaging Probe for PD−L1

The interaction between the immune checkpoint PD-1 and PD−L1 promotes T-cell deactivation and cancer proliferation. Therefore, immune checkpoint inhibition therapy, which relies on prior assessment of the target, has been widely used for many cancers. As a non-invasive molecular imaging tool, radiotracers bring novel information on the in vivo expression of biomarkers (e. g., PD−L1), enabling a personalized treatment of patients. Our work aimed at the development of a PD−L1-specific, peptide-based PET radiotracer. We synthesized and evaluated a radiolabeled macrocyclic peptide adapted from a patent by Bristol Myers Squibb. Synthesis of [⁶⁸Ga]Ga-NJMP1 yielded a product with a radiochemical purity>95 % that was evaluated in vitro. However, experiments on CHO−K1 hPD−L1 cells showed very low cell binding and internalization rates of [⁶⁸Ga]Ga-NJMP1 in comparison to a control radiopeptide (WL12). Non-radioactive cellular assays using time-resolved fluorescence energy transfer confirmed the low affinity of the reported parent peptide and the DOTA-derivatives towards PD−L1. The results of our studies indicate that the macrocyclic peptide scaffold reported in the patent literature is not suitable for radiotracer development due to insufficient affinity towards PD−L1 and that C-terminal modifications of the macrocyclic peptide interfere with important ligand/receptor interactions.