Development of structurally modified OER catalysts with enhanced performance and longevity for PEM-based electrolytic air dehumidification

PEM-based electrolytic air dehumidification is innovative in dehumidification that requires high precision and small space due to its high efficiency, compactness, and cleanness. However, the system dehumidification performance and durability are limited by using commercial Anatase-IrO₂ catalysts. In this study, two types of structurally modified OER catalyst materials, ATO-IrO₂ and ND-MnO₂-IrO₂, are developed to improve the performance of the system. System experiments showed that, compared to the commercial catalysts, the use of ATO-IrO₂ and ND-MnO₂-IrO₂ as the anode catalyst can improve the dehumidification performance by 45% and 20%, respectively. Furthermore, in 50-h accelerated aging tests, the attenuation rates of the ATO-IrO₂ and ND-MnO₂-IrO₂ systems are 3% and 8% respectively, which are far lower than the 35% attenuation of commercial catalyst. The results indicate that, as catalysts with a classic core-shell structure, ATO-IrO₂ and ND-MnO₂-IrO₂ still have a significant impact on improving the performance of the electrolytic dehumidification systems.     

机械力化学作用对低介硅灰石瓷料的相变和相组成的影响

采用X射线衍射仪(XRD)、差热分析(DTA)手段详细研究了由氧化物粉末制备硅灰石陶瓷时,机械力化学作用及后续热处理对硅灰石陶瓷相组成和相变过程的影响,分析了机械力化学在球磨过程中的作用机理主要是细化晶粒、使晶格畸变、晶格缺陷增多、非晶化和诱导低温化学反应。结果表明:高能球磨中的机械力化学作用能够有效地降低硅灰石陶瓷的烧成温度(11160~11220℃)。探明了经高能球磨的样品在烧成过程中的晶相转变规律。瓷料最终的晶相为单一的-硅灰石(高温变体)。     

偶联剂处理硅灰石填充不饱和聚酯树脂的研究

对针状硅灰石 (L∶D≥ 10∶32 5目 )提纯后 ,采用偶联剂进行表面处理 ,将硅灰石按不同比例填充于不饱和聚酯树脂体系中 ,研究了材料的性能。结果表明 ,改性后的硅灰石可显著改善不饱和聚酯的性能。     

铁元素对ZL108合金铸造性能的影响

研究了铁、锰对ZL108活塞合金铸造性能的影响。试验表明,在磷变质ZL108合金中,随着铁含量的增加,其流动性降低,体收缩、线收缩也减少。在高铁ZL108合金中加入锰后,可提高流动性,因为锰能够抑制针状β铁相的有害影响。     

非冷冻碳化法工业化生产针状纳米碳酸钙

通过开发复合型结晶导向剂,在实验室试验和中试的基础上,实现了在非冷冻(高温35~75℃)、氢氧化钙高浓度(质量分数7%~12%)条件下碳化生产针状(晶须)纳米碳酸钙。将该方法应用在石家庄博达钙业有限公司2.5万T/A的轻质碳酸钙工业装置上,经扫描电镜、透射电镜、X射线衍射和比表面积测定分析表明,产品纳米碳酸钙的晶形为针状,粒度均匀、分布窄,粒径10~20 NM,长径比15~20,比表面积≥90 M2/G,总孔容≥0.26 ML/G。     

硅灰石在高压电瓷中的应用研究

首次利用龙江县硅灰石研制出了高压电瓷 ,并测试了其晶相组成和性能。实验结果表明 :硅灰石可以用于生产高压电瓷 ,且硅灰石的加入量为 5 0 %左右时 ,高压电瓷的性能较佳     

PE—g—MAH对PP／玻纤—硅灰石的增容作用

报道了聚乙烯接枝马来酸酐(PE-g-MAH)对玻璃纤维-硅灰石填允增强聚丙烯的增容效果。实验结果表明:选用合适接枝率的PE-g-MAH,PP/玻纤-硅灰石/PE-g-MAH共混物的力学性能随其用量的增加而明显提高,维卡耐热温度也得到提高。扫描电子显微镜观察断面的形态表明:PE-g-MAH的加入使填料在聚丙烯连续相中分散更均匀,且使断面变得粗糙,表明PE-g-MAH提高了相界面的作用力,对聚丙烯和填料起到了良好的增容作用。     

硅灰石合成高比表面积二氧化硅的工艺研究

一系列硅灰石酸处理实验表明,产物物理性质与反应速度、反应时间、中和最终ｐＨ值等工艺条件有关。同时发现,如果工艺条件恰当,可以制得４００～６００ｍ＾２／ｇ的高比表面积二氧化硅。     

Valorization of Al slag in the production of green ceramic tiles: Effect of experimental conditions on microstructure and crystalline phase composition

This work reports the results of an investigation aimed at the development of sintered glass-ceramic tiles by the sinter-crystallization of mixtures composed of aluminum slag and reclaimed packaging glass. The thermal behaviors of mixtures incorporating 50 and 60 wt% Al slag were established by differential thermal analysis (DTA). Green compacts were sintered in a temperature range of 800°C-1050°C and then soaked for 10-60 minutes. The mineralogical characterizations of the sintered materials were obtained by X-ray diffraction (XRD). The achieved results indicated that the sintering of aluminum slag and packaging glass reclaimed led to a glass-ceramic material composed mainly of needle-like crystals of wollastonite (CaSiO₃). The bloating of samples during firing was evaluated according to a Cougny predictive diagram. After initial observations and according to bending strength characterizations, sintered tiles prepared from aluminum slag and glassy sand are appropriate for floor pavement and wall covering.     

溶胶—凝胶法制备硅灰石超细粉体

以正硅酸乙酯(TEOS)、硝酸钙[Ca(NO3)2·4H2O]为原料,采用溶胶 凝胶法制备了CaO SiO2干凝胶粉末。在适当的条件下制备粒径为0.2～1.0μm的硅灰石粉体。研究发现热处理温度、时间对粉体粒度有较大影响。采用DTA、XRD等研究了CaO SiO2凝胶粉末在热处理过程中的物理、化学变化及晶相转变,并通过TEM观察了干凝胶粉末热处理产物的形貌。