改进对氨基苯酚质量的途径

讨论了硝基苯催化加氢和电解还原制备对氨基苯酚过程中杂质的形成机理,提出了减少杂质形成和除去杂质的方法。使得对氨基苯酚质量符合制药要求。     

4,4'-二氨基二苯醚的合成与应用

本文介绍了4,4'-二氨基二苯醚(ODA)几种合成方法,并作适当比较,并简要介绍了其在化学工业合成中的应用。     

5-硝基水杨醛合成方法

简介了5 硝基水杨醛的的和研究现状,综述了5 硝基水杨醛的合成方法,如:硝化法、甲醛化法、Sommelet法等。评述了各种合成方法的优缺点,并对今后的研究方向进行了展望。     

改性β环糊精絮凝剂的制备及性能研究

以环氧氯丙烷（EPI）为交联剂,在碱性介质中合成了β-环糊精（-βCD）水溶性交联聚合物,并以其为基体,以硝酸铈铵（CAN）为引发剂,在弱酸性条件下,合成出了新型的水溶性交联-βCD接枝聚丙烯酰胺（PAM）的共聚物絮凝剂（WCDP）.对产物的红外光谱分析（FTIR）表明WCDP的合成是成功的.研究了WCDP的制备条件（交联剂用量、引发剂用量、温度、时间等）对吸附有机污染物和除浊性能的影响,结果表明：在最佳合成条件下,WCDP能同时去除水中的浊度和小分子有机污染物,并能形成絮体从水中分离.以高岭土和对硝基苯酚（p-NP）为研究对象,WCDP对浊度和p-NP的去除率分别为96.7%和60.6%.     

超声内电解协同作用对对硝基苯酚的处理

通过超声波、内电解以及其联合作用对对硝基苯酚(P-NP)进行处理,试验发现在相同处理率的条件下,两者联用可以大大缩短处理时间.单纯内电解处理10 mg/L的P-NP去除率大于90%时需要30 min,而加入超声波强化后只需不到10 min.同时通过动力学分析可知,超声波、内电解、超声协同内电解处理P-NP均符合一级反应,且超声波强化内电解具有协同作用,其反应速率常数的增强因子为1.37.     

Pt／C催化剂的改性制备及其在对氨基苯酚合成中的应用研究

本文报道了Ｐｔ／Ｃ催化剂的改性制备，并研究了其以对氨基苯酚合成中的应用，发现该催化剂比末改性的催化剂具有收率高，副产物少和使用寿命长等特点。     

ZnO–SnO2 nanocubes for fluorescence sensing and dye degradation applications

ZnO–SnO₂ nanocubes were used as promising material for efficient sensing of p-nitrophenol and faster photocatalytic degradations of dyes like methyl orange (MO), methylene Blue (MB) and acid orange 74 (AO74). ZnO–SnO₂ nanocubes were prepared by the facile solution process at 50 °C using Zn(NO₃)₂·6H₂O and SnCl₂·2H₂O as a precursor in the presence of ethylenediammine. The synthesized material was examined for its morphological, structural, crystalline, optical, vibrational, and compositional studies by using field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) and photoluminescence spectroscopy. FESEM studies revealed the formation of well-defined ZnO–SnO₂ nanocubes where the structural examinations revealed the formation of a crystalline tetragonal rutile phase for SnO₂ with some crystal sites doped with Zn. The as-synthesized nanocubes were explored for their photocatalytic activities towards three different dye viz. MO, MB, and AO74. Practically, complete degradation of AO74 was seen within 4 minutes of photo-irradiation in the presence of 0.05 g ZnO–SnO₂ nanocubes. However, 97.17% and 41.63% degradations were observed for MB and MO within 15 and 60 minutes, respectively. All the dye degradation processes followed the pseudo-first-order kinetic model. Moreover, the as-synthesized nanocubes were utilized to fabricate highly sensitive and selective fluorescent chemical sensor for the detection of p-nitrophenol (PNP). ZnO–SnO₂ nanocubes showed a very low detection limit of 4.09 μM for the detection of PNP as calculated according to the 3σ IUPAC criteria. Further, the as-synthesized ZnO–SnO₂ nanotubes were found to be highly selective for p-nitrophenol as compared to the other two isomers.     

254/185 nm photolysis of p-nitrophenol

<正>Degradation of low-concentration p-nitrophenol(p-NP)aqueous solution was carried out in 254/185 nm photolysis.The effects of Mn~(2+),pH value,O_2 and O_3 on the degradation efficiency have been investigated.It was observed that the singlet oxygen scavenger Mn~(2+)did not affect the degradation of p-NP.In acidic and alkaline solutions,the degradation efficiency was enhanced in comparison to that in neutral solution.The presence of O_2 dramatically promoted the degradation of p-NP,while that of O_3 impeded it.     

陶瓷膜分离对氨基苯酚料液中催化剂微粒研究

对陶瓷膜微滤分离净化含骨架镍催化剂的对氨基苯酚料液的工艺进行研究,通过小试实验确定采用 孔径为0.2μm 的陶瓷膜过滤对氨基苯酚料液,对工业上用过的污染膜和滤饼层的组分分析表明,污染物主要是骨架 镍催化剂。提出了工业应用中膜清洗的具体方案,在100 ℃下用酒精-水溶液清洗膜装置10min,体积分数为1% 的NaOH 溶液清洗20min,体积分数为3%的硝酸溶液清洗1h,工业软水清洗1h。经过工厂长期运行,膜的平均 渗透通量是400L/(m2·h),用原子吸收光谱仪在全部过滤运行的渗透液中没有检出镍,可见在工业环境中用陶瓷 膜微滤对氨基苯酚料液是一种可靠和有效的净化技术。     

对氨基苯酚合成工艺探讨与比较

对对氨基苯酚合成方法进行概述,并对各种合成方法进行分析与比较。