短、长期成本曲线关系的数学分析

用数学分析方法论证了经济学中短期成本曲线与长期成本曲线的关系，纠正了某些书中对此不严密甚至是错误的结论。     

公路运输企业成本函数及市场对策

根据微观经济学中的成本理论和分析方法，以吉林省部分公路运输企业为对象，通过对几种不同经营规模的运输企业十年中产出与成本数据的研究，建立了公路货运成本函数模型，作出了短期平均成本、边际成本及长期平均成本曲线。通过对函数曲线的分析，提出了公路运输企业的若干市场对策。     

Inspection procedures in manufacturing processes: recent studies and research perspectives

Quality inspections are performed in almost every production system to prevent nonconforming products from reaching final customers or end users. Quality inspections are typically performed referring to specific inspection procedures, depending on the production process. Two general inspection paradigms may be identified: online inspection and offline inspection. These are differentiated by the way in which inspections are made. The paper presents a recent survey on new studies on inspection procedures for both paradigms. The main novelty of the study is the identification of new research perspectives in such a highly explored field. New schemes of analysis allow highlighting the research areas which are not adequately covered by the literature. A brief examination of some bibliometric aspects is also proposed.     

Product complexity and design of inspection strategies for assembly manufacturing processes

In the manufacturing field, the assembly process heavily affects product final quality and cost. Specific studies, concerning the causes of the assembly defects, showed that operator errors account for high percentage of the total defects. Also, models linking the assembly complexity with the operator-induced defect rate were developed. Basing on these models, the present paper proposes a new paradigm for designing inspection strategies in case of short-run productions, for which traditional approaches may not be carried out. Specifically, defect generation models are developed to get a priori predictions of the probability of occurrence of defects, which are useful for designing effective inspection procedures. The proposed methodology is applied to a case study concerning the assembly of mechanical components in the manufacturing of hardness testing machines.     

容积率的确定及其对土地开发效益的影响

试从容积率的定义、特性等角度分析容积率对土地开发经济效益的影响，指出一般情况下，容积率的提高会增大土地开发收益；但也存在相反的事实，适当降低容积率，改善环境质量，提高楼面单价，同样可获得较高的开发利润．在市场竞争条件下，容积率对土地开发存在一个理论上的最佳值，但存在市场竞争不充分、城市规划限制等多种因素影响，存在现实与将来的矛盾．     

SHORT-RUN STATISTICAL PROCESS CONTROL: MULTICRITERIA PART FAMILY FORMATION

Owing to customer demands and short product life cycles, manufacturing trends have shifted towards a wide variety of mixed products with small batch sizes. It is difficult to apply traditional control charts efficiently and effectively in such environments, and it is not necessary to plot a control chart for each individual part. In this study, we propose a multicriteria part family formation technique and algorithm for implementing short-run SPC charting. We first carry out simulation to obtain ARLs for various shifts, and then use a maximin approach to help obtain a compromise or satisfactory ratio of standard deviations allowable within part families—type I and type II errors of Shewhart X control charts are considered simultaneously. This research establishes Shewhart X control charts for each part family to examine the quality status of all part types in the same family. We also provide a numerical example for purposes of illustration. © 1997 by John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

改进型BIOSTYR处理景观水研究

采用改进型BIOSTYR工艺处理景观水，考察了对TN、NH4^＋-N、COD、浊度的去除效果。结果表明，该工艺除污效果好，对COD的平均去除率为55．40％，对NH4^＋-N的平均去除率〉90％，对TN的平均去除率为52．08％，出水浊度为1．2～1．5NTU。