巯基活性炭分离富集发射光谱法同时测定金、铂、钯和铊

研究了巯基活性炭在盐酸介质中对金、铂、钯和铊的吸附能力。该法具有吸附速度快、吸附容量大、在一定条件下，普通金属不被吸附的特点，可用于分离富集各类矿物中微量贵金属。吸附后巯基活性炭低温灰化，与缓冲剂混合发射光谱法同时测定金、铂、钯和铊，选择锆作内标线，直接压样于杯形的石墨电极中，该方法简便、快速、准确。对测定条件、干扰因素进行了研究，从而建立测定金、铂、钯和铊的新方法。金、铂、钯和铊的分析线分别为312.3nm，306．5nm，311．4nm和313．1nm，内标线选择为310．7nm的锆，金、铂、钯和铊的线性范围(原子百分数)分别为0～0．20％，0～0．40％，0～0．20％和0～0．40％。金、铂、钯和铊的检测限分别0．01％，0．003％，0．003％和0．001％。用于样品的测定获得满意结果。     

Hydrogen evolution during the oxidation of formaldehyde on Au:: The influence of single crystal structure and Tl-upd

Hydrogen evolution during formaldehyde oxidation in alkaline solution has been monitored by Differential Electrochemical Mass Spectrometry on Au(111) and polycrystalline gold. The current efficiency for hydrogen evolution increases with higher concentration and is in the same range on both, polycrystalline Au and Au(111) electrode. The onset potentials and half-wave potentials are higher on Au(111). Reaction orders for the faradaic current on the bare gold electrodes have been determined as 0.21 for higher and 0.76 for lower concentrations. Reaction orders for hydrogen evolution during formaldehyde oxidation are 1.4 times higher in each case. Tafel slopes in the range of 140-160 mV are found. This signifies that the first reaction step involving the formation of adsorbed hydrogen is largely determining the overall reaction rate. In the presence of thallium adlayers hydrogen evolution from formaldehyde oxidation is largely suppressed. On the thallium modified polycrystalline Au, formaldehyde oxidation is shifted for 100 mV to higher potentials where Tl is partially desorbed and hydroxide is coadsorbed on the modified surface. On thallium modified Au(111), a similar process takes place, but in the same potential region as the onset of formaldehyde oxidation on the bare surface and therefore the formaldehyde oxidation is only slightly shifted. Tafel slopes are decreased to 80 mV/dec in the presence of thallium. In the presence of adsorbed thallium, the first reaction step is in equilibrium, the coverage with adsorbed hydrogen is smaller and its recombination to H₂ is largely suppressed.     

环境污染应急监测方案及实施

针对环境污染应急监测方案展开了探讨。对应急监测方案的内容作了详细的阐述,系统地总结了应急监测方案,并结合贺江铊污染事件,提出在突发性污染事故发生时应如何开展应急监测工作,以期为有关方面的需要提供一定的参考和借鉴。     

Extraction and separation of Ga(Ⅲ) and T1(Ⅰ) or In(Ⅲ) and T1(Ⅰ) from chloride media with CA-12 in sulphonating kerosene

The extraction behavior and mechanism of gallium(Ⅲ) and thallium(Ⅰ) or indium(Ⅲ) and thallium(Ⅰ) with Sec-octylphenoxy acetic acid (CA-12) from hydrochloric acid solution in sulphonating kerosene were studied. Optimum extraction conditions were evaluated from critical study of various experimental parameters and the probable composition of the extracted species is ascertained from lg D-lg C plots. The effects of different ions on the determination of these ions were examined.     

CsI：Tl晶体生长中存在的问题及其解决途径

用Ｂｒｉｄｇｍａｎ方法制备了掺铊的碘化铯晶体，样品经过切割，研磨和抛光，观察了它们的缺限，测定其光学性质，结果表明，气泡，包裹体和局部开裂严重地影响晶体的光学质量和完整性，通过使用高纯试剂，惰性气氛生长，分段和均匀掺杂，窄的熔区和合适的温度梯度，能够明业改善晶体的性质和质量。     

天然铊的全套中子数据评价

天然铊的中子核数据评价在１０￣（－５）ｅＶ－２０ＭｅＶ中子能量范围内进行，它的内容包括总的、弹性、去弹、总非弹、１６条分立能级、连续非弹、（ｎ，ｐ）、（ｎ，ａ）（ｎ，ｄ）、（ｎ，ｔ）、（ｎ，２ｎ）、（ｎ，３ｎ）、（ｎ，ｎ＇ｐ）、（ｎ，ｎ＇ａ）和（ｎ，ｒ）反应截面；次级中子角分布；双微分截面（ＤＤＣＳ）；ｒ射线产生数据以及共振参数等。评价以到１９９３年为止的有效实验数据和理论计算（ＵＮＦ－９２程序）为依据。评价数据以ＥＮＤＦ／Ｂ６格式给出并收入中国评价核数据库（ＣＥＮＤＬ－２．１）版（ＭＡＴ＝１８００）和提供核工程有关部门使用。     

PF塑料吸附富集与AAS法测定微量铊

提出简便、快速、灵敏的AAS法测定铊。采用聚氨脂泡沫（PF）塑料吸附富集铊，大量的金属离子和阴离子完全不干扰。此法用于测定矿石、钼精矿和铜精矿中微量铊，获得了满意的结果。     

铊对测定硫酸锌溶液中锑的影响与对策

介绍了铊对硫酸锌溶液中锑测定结果的影响，在铊含量高或者过低时，采用改进后的孔雀绿分光光度法测定锑，可满足生产的要求。     

Instability of Thallium-Containing Superconductor Phases in Isothermal Equilibrium with Thallium Oxide

Knowledge of the equilibrium conditions under which the superconducting phases in the Tl-Ca-Ba-Cu-O system are stable would enable the controlled preparation of these materials. Isothermal equilibrium between samples in this quaternary system and Tl₂O vapor from a condensed thallium oxide source has been studied. None of the superconductor phases coexisted in equilibrium with thallium oxide under the conditions employed. Instead, two previously unknown ternary thallium-calcium-barium oxides and one previously unknown thallium-calcium oxide were observed. The equilibrium phase assemblage at temperatures between 825° and 925°C consisted of the most thallium-rich ternary oxide plus CuO, although small amounts of the other thallium-rich phases may be required to balance stoichiometry. The vapor pressure of Tl₂O established by pure, condensed thallium oxide clearly exceeds the stability limit for the superconductor phases. If the thallium-containing superconductors are stable phases at high temperature, they will exist over some range of lower Tl₂O partial pressure.     

Spectroscopy in the Second Minimum: Isotopic Limits,Lifetimes, and Magnetic Properties of Superdeformed Tl Nuclei

In-beam γ-ray spectroscopic studies of superdeformed bands in the mass 190 region are discussed with emphasis on recent results for Tl nuclei. Among those results, superdeformation at the edge of the region (in ¹⁸⁹Tl) and the first measurement of a superdeformed quadrupole moment in an odd-Z nucleus (¹⁹¹Tl) is presented. The experiments were conducted with the Gammasphere array at the Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory. They are examples for the type of physics addressed in the first phase of Gammasphere operation.