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1.
《Journal of the European Ceramic Society》2019,39(2-3):340-345
The Ca(1+2y)Sn(1-x)Si(1+y)O(5-2x+4y) low-permittivity microwave dielectric ceramics were prepared through solid-state reaction at 1350–1450 °C for 5 h. The relations between microwave dielectric properties and phase compositions for non-stoichiometric Ca(1+2y)Sn(1-x)Si(1+y)O(5-2x+4y) ceramics have been investigated. A single CaSnSiO5 phase with abnormally positive temperature coefficient of resonant frequency (τf = + 62.5 ppm/°C) was synthesised at 1450 °C. This composition was an effective τf compensator of CaSiO3 and Ca3SnSi2O9 phases with typically negative τf value. The CaSiO3 second phase was related to the Sn deficiency in the CaSn(1-x)SiO(5-2x) (0 < x < 1.0) composition, whereas the Ca3SnSi2O9 second phase was obtained by controlling the Ca:Sn:Si ratios on the basis of the Ca(1+2y)SnSi(1+y)O(5+4y) (0 < y < 1.0) composition. A promising low-permittivity millimetre-wave ceramic with most excellent microwave dielectric properties (εr = 10.2, Q×f = 81,000 GHz and τf = −4.8 ppm/°C) was produced from the Ca(1+2y)SnSi(1+y)O(5+4y) (y = 0.4) ceramic. 相似文献
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William N. Gill Rajiv M. Ginde John Verhoeven 《Chemical Engineering Communications》1993,124(1):49-56
The linear theory of Pearson (1958) and Nield (1964) is modified here to study liquid tin and include the finite thermal resistances of the bounding layers of boron nitride, copper and air (∼10-2 torr) in the experiments of Ginde et al. (1989). The magnitude of the ΔTc across the layer of liquid tin required for the onset of convection depends on the ratios of the thermal conductivities and thicknesses of the supporting layers of boron nitride and copper to those of the tin.
According to our theory surface tension contributes more than buoyancy to the instability observed experimentally. The critical ΔTc observed required for the onset of convection in the layer of tin, is up to 25% lower than that predicted, which shows the layer is less stable than the theory indicates. Thus the surface of the tin was uncontaminated, or a significantly larger observed critical ΔTc would be expected.
The boundary condition on the thermal fluctuations at the base of the supporting layer of copper does not appear to be important in these experiments. However, the thermal resistance of the boron nitride would have to be assumed to be unrealistically large to obtain agreement within experimental error with the theory. 相似文献
According to our theory surface tension contributes more than buoyancy to the instability observed experimentally. The critical ΔTc observed required for the onset of convection in the layer of tin, is up to 25% lower than that predicted, which shows the layer is less stable than the theory indicates. Thus the surface of the tin was uncontaminated, or a significantly larger observed critical ΔTc would be expected.
The boundary condition on the thermal fluctuations at the base of the supporting layer of copper does not appear to be important in these experiments. However, the thermal resistance of the boron nitride would have to be assumed to be unrealistically large to obtain agreement within experimental error with the theory. 相似文献
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分析比较了进口锡与国产锡的成分和性能。设计出了新型的引线热浸镀锡合金,它具有较低的工作温度、优良的抗氧化性、流动性和可焊性。 相似文献
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电镀锡机组软熔导电辊脱锡技术研究 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
粘锡是电镀锡机组软熔导电辊失效的主要原因,应用化学方法脱锡是延长导电辊寿命的重要途径.开发了氢氧化钠(钾)为主要组成,并加入适量亚铅酸钠(钾)和硝酸(亚硝酸)钠配制而成脱锡剂,当脱锡剂温度为40~80℃,导电辊表面温度为40~70℃时,对粘锡导电辊具有很好的脱锡效果.粘锡导电辊脱锡后的表面粗糙度可以恢复到4.0μm以上,导电辊使用寿命提高80%,降低导电辊修复成本90%,并大幅度减少导电辊更换时间,提高电镀锡机组生产作业率. 相似文献
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热处理对制备纳米氧化铟锡(ITO)粉末的影响 总被引:9,自引:0,他引:9
以共沸蒸馏工艺辅助的共沉淀法制备了纳米氧化铟-氧化锡(ITO)粉体,研究了不同热处理温度对制备粉体的影响,结果表明,随着热处理温度的提高,粉体发生从四方结构向体心立方结构转变,晶粒出现长大现象,比表面积变化明显,化学组分保持高纯状态,综合比较,在700~800℃进行热处理可以得到尺寸均匀,晶形完整的纳米级粉体。 相似文献
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Tin electrodeposition in its initial stages in acid sulfate/gluconate baths was studied with varying tin and gluconate concentrations using potential-controlled electrochemical techniques. The deposit morphology was observed by scanning electron microscopy (SEM). A comparison with tin electrodeposition from acid sulfate baths in the absence of gluconate was also carried out. Use of a highly acidic bath leads to nonuniform deposits, even in the presence of gluconate; at pH 4 deposits are uniform, brilliant and suitable for finishing applications. Tin crystallites have a well defined morphology which depends on bath agitation conditions. In the absence of agitation, the crystallites have the same tetragonal shape as in a sulfate bath without gluconate. 相似文献
10.
D,L-丙交酯在有机锡化合物四苯基锡(Ph4Sn)、三正丁基醋酸锡(Bu3SnOAc)、辛酸亚锡(SnOct2)等催化剂引发下开环聚合,得到高分子量的聚D,L-乳酸,讨论了聚合单体D,L-丙交酯纯度、聚合温度、聚合时间、聚合体系真空度以及引发剂有机锡催化剂与聚合单体D,L-丙交酯的比例对聚D,L-乳酸合成的影响,通过红外光谱和核磁共振光谱对聚D,L-乳酸的结构进行了表征。实验结果表明,D,L-丙交酯开环聚合反应的较佳工艺路线是:D,L-丙交酯重结晶5次,聚合温度140℃,聚合时间24 h,聚合体系真空度13.3~133.3 Pa,引发剂有机锡催化剂与单体D,L-丙交酯比例0.2‰~0.5‰,此时聚D,L-乳酸的粘均分子量最高,分别达到32.46×104,33.43×104和41.36×104。 相似文献