Volatile organo-halogen trace analysis in beverages by thin-layer headspace enrichment and electron-capture gas-chromatography

Applicability of thin-layer headspace (TLHS) procedure giving an aqueous concentrate and also classical purge and trap (PT) in off-line mode to isolate and enrich volatile organohalogen compounds in common beverages was tested. Both enrichment tech-niques were used in combination with gas chromatography – electron capture detection (GC-ECD). TLHS, combined with direct aqueous injection (DAI)-GC-ECD, proved applicable in the determination of volatile organohalogen compounds in all studied beverages, while the PT in a version with no preliminary sample pre-treatment was of limited applicability. Detection limits of the TLHS-based procedure were in the order of 1 ppt. Content of volatile organohalogen compounds in a number of beverages available on the Polish market including mineral waters, beers, juices, carbonated and non-carbonated soft drinks, etc. was determined by means of TLHS-DAI-GC-ECD.     

含油废水处理

在水量水质调查的基础上，本文提出了以出水回用为目的的含油废水隔油调节沉淀－混凝沉淀－砂滤处理工艺，动态模型试验表明，废水中油和ＣＯＤ的去除率分别达到９５％和９０％，出水浊度低于２，此水质完全可回用于有关生产车间。     

Influence of cage design on precision of tube-trap bioassay for attractants of the onion fly,Delia antiqua

Responses of onion flies,Delia antiqua, to known attractants were measured in the laboratory with a novel tube-trap bioassay. The relative numbers of flies caught in tube traps baited with enzymatic yeast hydrolysate, brewer's yeast, andn-dipropyl disulfide were similar to those obtained previously with cone traps in the field. Changing the shape of the bioassay cage from a cuboid to a cylinder decreased the experimental error obtained from analysis of variance, as did rotating the floor of the circular cage. This bioassay should be useful in evaluating attractants for other insects that orient along the substrate.Diptera: Anthomyiidae.Paper No. 11327 of the Michigan State University Agricultural Experiment Station. Received for publication June 8, 1984.     

析一起 LFX-912收发信机频繁发信现象

文章对新线路启动中LFX-912收发信机频繁发信现象进行分析,找出了具体原因,逐步处理,消除了频繁发信现象,并提出防范措施和详细处理步骤。     

吐哈盆地中侏罗统储层成岩作用及其油气勘探意义

应用岩石溥片、铸体薄片、ｘ衍射和扫描电镜等分析资料，着重探讨吐哈盆地中侏罗统储层成岩作用及其孔隙演化，研究表明：压实作用强烈是造成储层为低孔渗性的基本原因，胶结作用受渗滤－扩散机理和热驱对流机理控制，并可形成一种成岩圈闭。     

异齿宽齿轮泵的研究

概述了直齿轮泵和斜齿轮泵的困油特性及目前解决困油问题的方法。通过对齿轮泵的结构调整，得出消除齿轮泵的困油现象的新方法。通过与卸荷槽法进行比较，总结出异齿宽齿轮泵的优点及其技术要点，并给出了轴套的结构尺寸。     

焦化汽柴油加氢捕硅剂的制备及性能评价

目的 脱除焦化汽柴油馏分中的有机硅化合物,避免催化剂硅中毒。方法 以拟薄水铝石粉为载体制备原料,镍钼为活性金属组分,采用等体积浸渍法制备了加氢捕硅剂,利用N₂吸附脱附、X射线衍射、吡啶红外光谱、扫描电镜等方法对其进行分析表征,并在200 mL加氢中试装置上考查了捕硅剂的脱硅活性和2 000 h活性稳定性。结果 自主开发的捕硅剂比表面积和孔容较高,酸性适宜,活性金属分布均匀,强度满足工业装置装填要求。捕硅剂的脱硅活性较高,在典型的工业条件下,脱硅率>90%,在2 000 h活性稳定性试验过程中,脱硅率稳定>90%,活性稳定性良好,且具有较高的容硅能力。结论 自主开发的捕硅剂具有广阔的工业应用前景,对清洁燃料的生产及保护装置的长周期稳定运行具有十分重要的意义。     

基于改进蚁群算法的机器人路径规划

提出了一种复杂静态环境下的移动机器人避碰路径规划的改进蚁群算法,基于栅格法的工作空间模型,模拟蚂蚁的觅食行为;针对路径规划的需要,搜索过程采用了蚂蚁回退策略、目标吸引策略、参数自适应调整和路径优化策略;利用蚂蚁回退策略和惩罚函数使得蚂蚁能够顺利跳出陷阱,并且在下一次搜索中不再选择此路径,从而避免了遇到陷阱时形成的路径死锁情况,同时也提高了最优路径的搜索效率;仿真试验结果表明,该算法能迅速规划出最优路径。     

圈闭要素计算方法及应用效果

断块油田的油气聚集和分布,在很大程度上受各种类型的断层所控制。这种油田具有构造面貌复杂、含油层系多、油水关系复杂、含油丰度差别大等特点,给油气勘探和开发造成了许多困难和不便。目前,有关断块构造圈闭的统计尚无统一标准。以往所用的取值方法是沿用背斜圈闭的要素统计方法,不能适用于复杂的断块构造圈闭。本文以断层圈闭特点为基础,以影响圈闭性能的各种因素间的函数关系为依据,提出了具有较厚盖层和储层地区的断层圈闭要素的计算方法。将此法应用于东濮凹陷,取得了较高精度的含油圈闭面积。