煤质活性炭压片成型技术的推广和应用

中国石油庆阳石化公司活性炭厂从20世纪90年代就开始着手活性炭新产品的开发工作。在大量市场调研和对比分析的基础上，采用防化研究院经过多年潜心研究的煤质活性炭压片成型技术，进行工业化生产并予以应用。生产出合格的压块活性炭，使压片成型技术在活性炭工业化生产中的推广和应用这一国内难题最终得到解决。     

液压系统设计中有关液压冲击吸收问题的探讨

本文从元件——回路的角度出发，探讨了在设计液压系统时就应注意如何减少和吸收液压冲击，这是提高系统稳定性的根本。     

Cu-doped TiO(2) nanoparticles enhance survival of Shewanella oneidensis MR-1 under ultraviolet light (UV) exposure

It has been shown that photocatalytic TiO₂ nanoparticles (NPs) can be used as an efficient anti-microbial agent under UV light due to generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS), while Shewanella oneidensis MR-1 is a metal-reducing bacterium highly susceptible to UV radiation. Interestingly, we found that the presence of Cu-doped TiO₂ NPs in the cultural medium dramatically increased the survival rates (based on colony-forming unit) of strain MR-1 by over 10,000-fold (incubation without shaking) and ~ 200 fold (incubation with shaking) after a 2-h exposure to UV light. Gene expression results (via qPCR measurement) indicated that the DNA repair gene recA in MR-1 was significantly induced by UV exposure (indicating cellular damage under UV stress), but the influence of NPs on recA expression was not statistically evident. Plausible explanations to NP attenuation of UV stresses are: 1. TiO₂ based NPs are capable of scattering and absorbing UV light and thus create a shading effect to protect MR-1 from UV radiation; 2. more importantly, Cu-doped TiO₂ NPs can co-agglomerate with MR-1 to form large flocs that improves cells' survival against the environmental stresses. This study improves our understanding of NP ecological impacts under natural solar radiation and provides useful insights to application of photocatalytic-NPs for bacterial disinfection.     

膨润土在废水处理中的应用进展

介绍了膨润土及改性膨润土的基本组成和基本性质,阐述了膨润土的改性方法,论述了膨润土及改性膨润土在废水处理中的应用及展望.     

不同湿度的H2S在Fe2O3表面的吸附反应研究

研究了H2S在Fe2O3表面的吸附反应过程,考察了温度,H2S湿度,H2S起始体积分数,Fe2O3湿度对吸附反应的影响。结果表明：温度的降低,H2S湿度和起始体积分数的增加,均促进吸附反应;而且当Fe2O3的湿度为10％时,吸附H2S的体积分数最大。干燥的H2S在干燥的Fe2O3表面也发生吸附反应,生成FeS,对设备产生一定的腐蚀作用。     

混合物分离单元操作之吸收和蒸馏

分离混合物的方法中,吸收是针对气体混合物的分离,根据混合气体中各组分溶解度的不同实现分离,应用于原料气的净化;回收有用组分;制取液体产品;废气治理等。蒸馏是针对液体均相混合物的分离,根据混合物中个组分挥发度的不同实现分离,应用于产品提纯等。本文通过对吸收和精馏操作的分析,对化工生产过程中实现分离提纯的目的提供一定的理论依据。     

溶液pH、离子强度和温度对活性炭吸附活性染料的影响（二）

在活性染料的生产过程中,使用活性炭作为吸附剂精制原料,半成品或废水处理是经常的。但对于其机理和最佳条件国内研究者还十分鲜见。该丈重点介绍国外学者Yahya S．Al-Degs,Musa I．El-barghouthi和AmjadH．El-Sheikh,Gavin M．Walker等近期研究的结果,全面阐述了溶液pH,离子强度和温度对活性炭吸附活性染料的影响,这对提高有关活性染料质量和降低原材料消耗及处理有色污水有很好的参考价值。     

煎炸油循环净化食品油炸机

油炸食品当中含有对人体有害物质.提出了一种新型食品油炸设备的设计,既满足煎炸油的净化循环使用,又能保证人们享用油炸食品时的健康和安全.     

聚变堆中H刻蚀碳氢薄膜的分子动力学模拟

使用分子动力学方法模拟了低能H原子与碳氢薄膜的作用过程,以了解基于核聚变装置中等离子体与C基材料的相互作用机制。模拟中使用REBO(reactive empirical bond order)势函数来描述C-H体系中原子间的相互作用,并使用Berendsen热浴来控制体系的温度。文中着重探讨了入射能量对低能H原子刻蚀碳氢薄膜的影响,入射能量分别为0.3,1,5和10eV。模拟结果显示随着入射能量的增加,H原子的吸附率增加,C原子和H原子的刻蚀率增加。同一能量下H原子比C原子更易发生刻蚀。通过讨论发现在H原子与碳氢薄膜作用过程中,当能量大于1 eV时,由于入射的H原子先沉积在表面并与表面原子发生反应形成碳氢化合物,然后在后续入射粒子的轰击下碳氢化合物在表面发生解吸附现象,从而导致了C原子的刻蚀,因此C原子的刻蚀发生主要是化学增强的物理溅射。     

Concentration control of volatile organic compounds by ionic liquid absorption and desorption

Volatile organic compounds (VOCs) are difficult to be eliminated safely and effectively because of their large concentration fluctuations. Thus, maintaining a stable concentration of VOCs is a significant study. In this research, H₂O, Tween-80,[Emim]BF₄,[Emim]PF₆, and[Hnmp]HSO₄ were applied to absorb and desorb simulated VOCs. The ionic liquid[Emim]BF₄ demonstrated the best performance and was thus selected for further experiments. As the ionic liquid acted as a buffer, the toluene concentration with a fluctuation of 2000-20000 mg·m^-3 was stabilized at 6000-12000 mg·m^-3. Heating distillation (90℃) was highly efficient to recover[Emim]BF₄ from toluene. The regenerated[Emim]BF₄ could retain its initial absorption capacity even after multiple cycles. Moreover,[Emim]BF₄ had the same buffer function on various aromatic hydrocarbons.