PVC基阻尼涂料的制备及其流变性能

以聚氯乙烯（PVC）为基体，对苯二甲酸二辛酯（DOTP）为增塑剂，与无机填料CaCO3、钙锌热稳定剂、乳化剂OP-10、润滑剂液体石蜡等复合改性制备PVC基阻尼材料，采用动态流变仪DHR、动态热机械分析仪DMA、扫描电镜SEM等对试样的性能和形态进行表征。运用正交设计探究各组分对性能的影响规律，结果表明，填料CaCO3和增塑剂DOTP比例对其阻尼性能影响最显著；当PVC: CaCO3: DOTP: OP-10比重为45: 33: 22: 2时，25℃时频率0.01～150 Hz范围内，tan δ最大值从0.497提高到0.604；剪切速率0.1 s-1时表观黏度为3738 Pa·s，剪切速率150 s-1时表观黏度为2.19 Pa·s，具有优异的抗流挂性与稳定性。通过LASD形态分析构建微观聚集态模型，提出刚性填料团聚-解团聚和聚合物微球变形对流变性能的作用机理，为LASD的持续研究提供技术思路和理论基础。     

Contributions to characterization of poly(vinyl chloride)–lignin blends

The present study evaluates the impact of blending organosolv and kraft lignins, which are natural polymer by‐products in the pulp and paper industry, with plasticized poly(vinyl chloride) (PVC) in flooring formulations. Also examined is the impact of replacing dioctyl phthalate, a PVC industry general‐purpose plasticizer, with diethylene glycol dibenzoate (Benzoflex 2‐45), tricresyl phosphate (Lindol), or alkyl sulfonic phenyl ester (Mesamoll) in these formulations. The influence of the different types of lignins and plasticizers on the processibility, thermal, and mechanical properties of the blends is discussed. These properties demonstrate that partial replacement of PVC (20 parts) with different lignins is feasible for some formulations that can be successfully used as matrices for a high level of calcium carbonate filler in flooring products. In addition, the data demonstrate that the presence of certain plasticizers, which interfere with the intramolecular interactions existing in lignins, may allow the lignin molecules to have more molecular mobility. The morphology and the properties of PVC plasticized lignin blends are strongly influenced by the degree and mode of the lignin plasticization and its dispersion within the PVC matrix. © 2006 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 101: 2732–2748, 2006     

浅谈环保型增塑剂生产过程中污染最小化的处理措施

研究了具体的单个增塑剂生产过程中各个生产环节“三废”的产生情况，以及怎样最大限度地减少污染物生成的方法。复配型环保增塑剂是几种不同优良增塑剂的叠加，可以赋予塑料制品多方面的特性，对此类增塑剂的生产特点以及怎样控制污染物做了分析和介绍。     

超高效液相色谱-串联质谱法检测花生中18种塑化剂的研究

为了解决塑化剂检测的问题,本文建立了高效液相色谱-串联质谱法检测花生中18种塑化剂。样品经乙腈超声提取并低温低速离心后,直接取上清液置于-18℃冰箱中冷冻至少2 h,上清液过膜后经Shim-pack XR-ODS Ш 反相色谱柱(150 mm×2.0 I.D., 2.0 μm)分离,最后用三重四极杆质谱在多反应监测模式下外标法定量测定。在最佳分析条件下,各塑化剂靶标线性范围均良好,相关系数(r2)均>0.999;检出限和定量限分别在0.0004~1.0000μg/kg和0.0012~3.0000 μg/kg范围内;在3个不同浓度下的加标回收率位于75.26%~114.54%之间,相对标准偏差为1.08%~8.00% (n=6)。该方法操作简单、稳定可靠、检测通量高、检测成本低,有望用于大批量花生样品中塑化剂质量安全风险评估筛查及验证分析,为政府部门粮油质量安全监管提供技术支撑。     

Diffusion of homologous model migrants in rubbery polystyrene: molar mass dependence and activation energy of diffusion

Published diffusion prediction models for the diffusion of additives in food packaging simplify reality by having a small number of parameters only. Therefore, extrapolation of such models to barrier polymers, larger ranges of temperature and/or additive molecular weight (M_W ) is questionable. Extra data is still required to generalize these existing prediction models. In this paper, diffusion of a specifically designed homologous set of model additives (from 236 to 1120 g mol^?1) was monitored in two polystyrenes in the rubbery state (from 100 to 180°C): syndiotactic semi-crystalline polystyrene and its amorphous equivalent. Variations in associated diffusion coefficient D and activation energy Ea with migrant M_W and temperature were surprisingly low. Comparison of experimental behaviour with model predictions was performed. In their actual form, none of the models is capable of describing all experimental data, but there is evidence of convergence of the different approaches.     

气相色谱/质谱法测定PVC在油性介质中增塑剂ATBC迁移的分析研究

建立了气相色谱/质谱法测定PVC瓶盖密封垫中ATBC增塑剂在油性模拟物中迁移量的检测方法。该方法以正己烷作为油性食品模拟物,采用超声提取法提取PVC瓶盖密封垫中的乙酰柠檬酸三丁酯(ATBC)增塑剂,利用气相色谱/质谱法对其进行定性、定量分析。该方法在1mg/L～200mg/L范围内有很好的线性关系,相关系数为0.9973;准确度和精密度试验中,平均回收率为95.8%～105.2%,相对标准偏差RSD%为1.03%～4.72%。该方法为研究就柠檬酸酯类增塑剂在油性食品中的迁移提供了一定的参考。     

采用GC-MS和ELISA试剂盒法对比分析白酒中的塑化剂

使用GC-MS和ELISA试剂盒法对白酒中的塑化剂进行测定,考察了GC-MS的精确度及回收率,ELISA试剂盒法的标准曲线,并比较了两种方法的不同前处理对测定结果的影响。结果表明:GC-MS的精密度标准偏差在-6.0%~6.3%,回收率在87%~113%,ELISA试剂盒法线性良好,两种方法对样品的测定结果接近,表明两种方法都可以对白酒中的塑化剂进行定性定量分析。ELISA试剂盒法前处理比GC-MS简便,但有一定的损失,可以进行快速的定性定量分析,如需更准确的测定塑化剂含量,可以配合GC-MS法进行验证检测。     

Cellulose Phototransformation and Possibility of its Light Stability Increase

Abstract

This study clearly demonstrates that the variation of the accessible amorphous phase contents, the plasticizer concentration and the pH value affords to increase strongly (by a factor 10–100) the light stability for different kinds of cellulose.     

Water and Glycerol as Plasticizers Affect Mechanical and Water Vapor Barrier Properties of an Edible Wheat Gluten Film

Glycerol improved film extensibility but reduced film puncture strength, elasticity, and water vapor barrier properties. The plasticizing effect of water was highly temperature dependent. During hydration of gluten film, a sharp decrease in puncture strength, elasticity, and an increase of extensibility and water vapor transmission rate were observed at 5, 30 and 50°C for respective water contents of 30 (0,8 a_w,), 15 (0,7 a_w) and 5% (0,4 a_w). This was related to disruptive water-polymer hydrogen bonding and glass-to-rubber transition.