排序方式: 共有86条查询结果,搜索用时 0 毫秒
1.
为提高反应器的氮素去除率,在市政污水处理厂进行同步厌氧氨氧化反硝化(SAD)工艺小试.以A/O除磷和亚硝化工艺处理后的生活污水为基质,启动厌氧氨氧化滤柱.反应器启动成功后,基质中投加有机碳源促进反硝化菌生长,启动SAD工艺,研究碳源质量浓度对SAD工艺的影响.由于葡萄糖对厌氧氨氧化菌抑制作用较小,成本较低,作为SAD工艺的有机碳源.结果表明:常温条件下,进水分别投加10,20和30 mg/L Glu,SAD工艺耦合效果良好,平均出水总氮质量浓度为9. 16,8. 10和6. 41 mg/L.相较于厌氧氨氧化工艺,SAD工艺出水总氮质量浓度降低了16%~42%,常温条件下取得了良好的运行效果.冬季水温为10~12℃,基质中投加30 mg/L Glu,SAD工艺稳定性受到破坏并向反硝化工艺转变,出水氨氮质量浓度由0. 5 mg/L增长至6. 2 mg/L.水温对SAD工艺有较大影响,低温条件下SAD工艺中厌氧氨氧化菌与反硝化菌的竞争中占据劣势,工艺稳定性受到破坏.将基质Glu质量浓度降低到20 mg/L,出水总氮质量浓度为6. 5~8. 5 mg/L,冬季SAD工艺出水氨氮和总氮质量浓度满足北京市地方标准的A类排放标准. 相似文献
2.
有机碳源对厌氧氨氧化污泥颗粒化的影响 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
为探究有机碳源对厌氧氨氧化(Anammox)污泥颗粒形成的影响,采用两组平行的SBR,通过改变进水中有机碳源的质量浓度进行研究.结果表明:适量的有机碳源(130 mg/L)可通过提高反应器中的胞外聚合物(EPS)含量从而加速颗粒污泥的形成,提高污泥的沉降性能.添加与不添加有机碳源的两组反应器分别于28和35 d颗粒化成功,平均颗粒粒径分别达450和409μm.过量有机碳源( 230 mg/L)会使污泥出现解体,粒径减小,污泥的沉降性能明显变差.当有机碳源小于110 mg/L时,可通过反硝化作用促进厌氧氨氧化反应从而提高脱氮效率;但是当有机碳源质量浓度大于110 mg/L时,会抑制厌氧氨氧化反应,并降低脱氮效率.在厌氧氨氧化工艺实际运行中,应避免有机物质量浓度超过110 mg/L. 相似文献
3.
Anammox反应器运行稳定性及其机理研究 总被引:4,自引:0,他引:4
采用模拟废水研究了厌氧氨氧化UBF(upflow biofilm filter)的运行性能。结果表明,在高负荷工况下,厌氧氨氧化反应器的稳定性较差。当容积负荷超过反应器的最大转化潜能时,反应器性能恶化。厌氧氨氧化反应是致碱反应,引起反应器内pH值长期维持在8.50~9.05,超出了厌氧氨氧化菌生长的最适pH范围(6.70~8.30),直接抑制厌氧氨氧化菌的生长和代谢,导致厌氧氨氧化反应器失稳。pH值过高引起反应器内游离亚硝酸浓度(free nitrous acid, FNA)降低至(1.9±4.3)×10-5 mg•L-1~(2.2±2.5)×10-5 mg•L-1,低于Anammox菌FNA半速率常数(KS,FNA),会造成亚硝酸“饥饿”。pH升高还可引起游离氨浓度(free ammonia, FA)升高至178.1 mg•L-1,超过了Anammox菌FA半抑制常数KI,FA,严重抑制Anammox菌的生长和代谢,并加剧反应器性能恶化以致失稳并且不能自行恢复。反应器性能失稳后,应及时用清水从反应器内洗出残余基质,反应器功能可快速恢复。 相似文献
4.
The strength of granular sludge is essential for the mechanical stability of the granules. Inorganic precipitants form a major factor influencing the strength of the granules. To check the possibility of apatite accumulation in anammox granules, and study its contribution to the mechanical strength of granules, anammox granular sludge was collected from Dokhaven municipal wastewater treatment plant, the Netherlands. Mineral precipitation inside the granules was visualized by micro-computed tomography, and apatite was identified by electron probe microanalysis and X-ray powder diffraction. The mechanical strength of anammox granules was measured by a low load compression tester. The contribution of apatite to the mechanical strength was evaluated by the generalized Maxwell model. Ca–PO4 minerals are reported to accumulate in anammox granules. A transformation of Ca–PO4 happens, and apatite is the final stable form. The accumulation of apatite increases the mechanical strength of anammox granules. A fast method to monitor and evaluate the accumulation of minerals in anammox granules was proposed. 相似文献
5.
6.
为经济高效地去除城市生活污水和硝酸盐废水中的氮磷元素,本研究在厌氧折流板反应器(ABR)和连续搅拌反应器(CSTR)一体式反应器中分别建立了反硝化除磷(DPR)和短程反硝化厌氧氨氧化(PDA)工艺。结果表明,反应器运行185天,在缺氧/厌氧和外加COD/NO -N比仅为0.7条件下,PO -P和TN的去除率高达96.91%和97.75%,最终出水PO -P和TN的浓度低至0.22mg/L和3.30mg/L,意味着该系统极佳的脱氮除磷效果不依赖氧气和有机碳源量。DPR对系统PO -P和TN的去除均占主体部分(99.07%和60.23%),而PDA对总氮(TN)的去除占比呈现逐渐上升的趋势(4.53%→37.52%)。批次实验表明:①COD(300mg/L)显著抑制DPR菌活性,PO -P主要是在缺氧状态下以NO -N为电子受体,有机物为电子供体通过DPR途径去除;②高效短程反硝化过程(亚硝酸转化率92.25%)稳定为厌氧氨氧化供给电子受体(NO -N),DPR系统剩余NH -N主要被NO -N氧化去除,因此DPR+PDA系统实现了高效同步脱氮除磷效果。高通量测序表明,Accumulibacter(7.41%)是DPR系统功能性除磷菌,Thauera(7.24%)和Candidatus Brocadia(3.12%)为PDA系统关键脱氮菌。 相似文献
7.
Integration of anammox into the aerobic granular sludge process for main stream wastewater treatment at ambient temperatures 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
Anaerobic ammonium oxidation, nitrification and removal of COD was studied at ambient temperature (18 °C ± 3) in an anoxic/aerobic granular sludge reactor during 390 days. The reactor was operated in a sequencing fed batch mode and was fed with acetate and ammonium containing medium with a COD/N ratio of 0.5 [g COD/gN]. During influent addition, the medium was mixed with recycled effluent which contained nitrate in order to allow acetate oxidation and nitrate reduction by anammox bacteria. In the remainder of the operational cycle the reactor was aerated and controlled at a dissolved oxygen concentration of 1.5 mg O2/l in order to establish simultaneous nitritation and Anammox. Fluorescent in-situ hybridization (FISH) revealed that the dominant Anammox bacterial population shifted toward Candidatus “Brocadia fulgida” which is known to be capable of organotrophic nitrate reduction. The reactor achieved stable volumetric removal rates of 900 [g N2-N/m3/day] and 600 [g COD/m3/day]. During the total experimental period Anammox bacteria remained dominant and the sludge production was 5 fold lower than what was expected by heterotrophic growth suggesting that consumed acetate was not used by heterotrophs. These observations show that Anammox bacteria can effectively compete for COD at ambient temperatures and can remove effectively nitrate with a limited amount of acetate. This study indicates a potential successful route toward application of Anammox in granular sludge reactors on municipal wastewater with a limited amount of COD. 相似文献
8.
氨氮浓度高是垃圾渗滤液的水质特征之一,目前对于高浓度氨氮废水的处理方法主要有硝化—反硝化、氨吹脱法、化学沉淀法以及新型生物脱氮技术。基于工程实例,对国内外已有的去除垃圾渗滤液高浓度氨氮的方法进行了阐述和对比,并对渗滤液处理厂脱氮方式的选择提出了建议。 相似文献
9.
10.
Tong Zhang Qing‐Mei Yan Lin Ye 《Journal of chemical technology and biotechnology (Oxford, Oxfordshire : 1986)》2010,85(10):1340-1345
BACKGROUND: This study was conducted to investigate the feasibility and performance of nitrogen removal through the complete autotrophic nitrogen removal over nitrite (CANON) process for saline wastewater in a continuous reactor, and to characterize microorganisms in the sludge from the reactor using DNA‐based techniques. RESULTS: The nitrogen removal experiment in the reactor was operated over five phases for 286 days treating a synthetic sewage of 1.2% salinity at 21–25 °C. At dissolved oxygen (DO) concentrations of 0.5–1.0 mg L?1 and in the presence of glucose, NO2? was accumulated, indicating the activity of ammonia‐oxidizing bacteria (AOB). At DO concentration of 0.5 mg L?1 without organic substrate, the anaerobic ammonium oxidation (Anammox) process was the major pathway responsible for nitrogen removal, with a total nitrogen removal of 70% and an ammonium conversion efficiency of 96%. A maximum ammonium removal rate of 0.57 kg‐N m?3 d?1 was achieved during the experimental period. The concentrations of AOB and Anammox bacteria were monitored over the operation of reactor using quantitative real‐time polymerase chain reaction (qRT‐PCR). CONCLUSION: In this study, autotrophic nitrogen removal process was achieved under salinity condition in a one‐reactor system. An over 100 fold increase of AOB was found due to the increased supply of ammonium at the beginning, then AOB concentration decreased temporarily in correspondence with the decreased DO, and the AOB resumed their concentration at the last phase. The Anammox bacteria abundance was about 150 fold higher than that at the beginning, indicating the successful enrichment of Anammox bacteria in the reactor. Copyright © 2010 Society of Chemical Industry 相似文献