水热法制备片状纳米氧化镍及其光催化性能

采用水热法制备片状纳米NiO,用XRD和TEM对样品的晶型及颗粒形貌进行了表征。以蒽醌染料KN-R为对象,紫外灯为光源,研究了催化剂热处理温度、催化剂用量、光照时间、染料的初始浓度等因素对染料脱色率的影响,以及催化剂的重复利用效果。结果表明：NiO催化剂能显著降解蒽醌染料KN-R,且能重复利用,在未曝气供氧时,NiO的催化活性优于p-25 TiO2。     

Novel porous carbon felt cathode modified by cyclic voltammetric electrodeposited polypyrrole and anthraquinone 2-sulfonate for an efficient electro-Fenton process

A novelty two-step synthesized porous carbon felt (PCF) cathode modified by cyclic voltammetric (CV) electrodeposited polypyrrole (Ppy) and anthraquinone 2-sulfonate (AQS) (PCF/Ppy/AQS) for an efficient electro-Fenton process has been investigated. Brunauer Emmett Teller (BET) and scanning electron microscope (SEM) measurements verified the three-dimensional porous structure of the PCF, revealing that the specific surface area was approximately 2.5 times higher than that of the bare carbon felt (CF), which ensured more active sites available for oxygen reduction reaction (ORR). In addition, the electrodeposited Ppy decreases the charge transfer resistance (R_ct) of the PCF cathode. AQS, a type of anthraquinone that can serve as an oxygen reduction catalyzer, could accelerate the ORR process and subsequently improve the performance of the electro-Fenton system. Rotating disk electrode (RDE) analysis confirmed that the ORR catalyzed by AQS was a double-electron reduction process, which contributed to hydrogen peroxide (H₂O₂) generation. The removal efficiency of total organic carbon (TOC) from Rhodamine B (RhB) could reach 51% within 1 h in the electro-Fenton system equipped with the PCF/Ppy/AQS, resulting in an improvement of approximately 24% compared with the bare CF cathode without porous treatment. The cycle experiment showed a good stability of the PCF/Ppy/AQS cathode. Additionally, the possible mechanism of degradation process in the electro-Fenton equipped with the PCF/Ppy/AQS cathode was proposed based on the electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) analysis and quenching experiment. The novel fabricated PCF/Ppy/AQS provides an alternative as a high-efficiency cathode, yielding energy savings in the electro-Fenton system.     

蒽醌型光盘染料的合成研究

合成了一系列 1， 4－二氨基－ 2,3－二苯氧基类蒽醌染料，最大吸收在 580nm左右。研究了染料侧链取代基和吸收之间的关系和改善染料在醇溶液中溶解度的方法。部分染料的溶解度达 3％以上，满足 DVD－ R光盘染料的初步要求。     

蒽醌合成工艺研究进展

综述了近十年合成蒽醌（AQ）及其衍生物的工艺技术,详细阐述了由蒽（AN）制蒽醌的氧化法和苯酐法工艺条件,分析了蒽氧化制蒽醌的机理,进一步介绍了一步法和两步法由苯酐合成蒽醌催化剂的应用,着重介绍了沸石分子筛和强酸性离子液体作为催化剂在一步法或两步法合成蒽醌中的应用,并对未来蒽醌合成工艺的开发提出建议。     

Kinetics of zero-valent iron reductive transformation of the anthraquinone dye Reactive Blue 4

The effect of operational conditions and initial dye concentration on the reductive transformation (decolorization) of the textile dye Reactive Blue 4 (RB4) using zero-valent iron (ZVI) filings was evaluated in batch assays. The decolorization rate increased with decreasing pH and increasing temperature, mixing intensity, and addition of salt (100 g L⁻¹ NaCl) and base (3 g L⁻¹ Na₂CO₃ and 1 g L⁻¹ NaOH), conditions typical of textile reactive dyebaths. ZVI RB4 decolorization kinetics at a single initial dye concentration were evaluated using a pseudo first-order model. Under dyebath conditions and at an initial RB4 concentration of 1000 mg L⁻¹, the pseudo first-order rate constant (k_obs) was 0.029 ± 0.006 h⁻¹, corresponding to a half-life of 24.2 h and a ZVI surface area-normalized rate constant (k_SA) of 2.9 × 10⁻⁴ L m⁻² h⁻¹. However, as the initial dye concentration increased, the k_obs decreased, suggesting saturation of ZVI surface reactive sites. Non-linear regression of initial decolorization rate values as a function of initial dye concentration, based on a reactive sites saturation model, resulted in a maximum decolorization rate (V_m) of 720 ± 88 mg L⁻¹ h⁻¹ and a half-saturation constant (K) of 1299 ± 273 mg L⁻¹. Decolorization of RB4 via a reductive transformation, which was essentially irreversible (2–5% re-oxidation), is believed to be the dominant decolorization mechanism. However, some degree of RB4 irreversible sorption cannot be completely discounted. The results of this study show that ZVI treatment is a promising technology for the decolorization of commercial, anthraquinone-bearing, spent reactive dyebaths.     

蒽醌法生产过氧化氢的载体和溶剂组成概述

介绍了蒽醌法生产过氧化氢工作液中的载体和溶剂组成。     

镍触媒过氧化氢生产装置的技术改造

介绍了吉化镍触媒过氧化氢生产装置的技术改造情况。通过对装置的“瓶颈”问题分析,将氢化工序由镍触媒悬浮床加氢改为钯触媒固定床加氢,对氧化塔实施了内部构件改造。两项改造提高了装置的生产能力。经过试生产证明,改造后降低了原料和动力消耗,减少了污染物排放。     

Effects of porous oxide layer on performance of Pd-based monolithic catalysts for 2-ethylanthraquinone hydrogenation

Pd/oxide/cordierite monolithic catalysts(oxide = Al_2O_3, SiO_2 and SiO_2\\Al_2O_3) were prepared by the impregnation method. The results of ICP, XRD, SEM–EDX, XPS and N_2 adsorption–desorption measurements revealed that the Pd penetration depth increased with increasing the thickness of oxide layer, and the catalysts with Al_2O_3 layers had the larger pore size than those with SiO_2 and SiO_2\\Al_2O_3 layers. Catalytic hydrogenation of 2-ethylanthraquinone(eA Q), a key step of the H_2O_2 production by the anthraquinone process, over the various monolithic catalysts(60 °C, atmosphere pressure) showed that the monolithic catalyst with the moderate thickness of Al_2O_3 layer(about 6 μm) exhibited the highest conversion of e AQ(99.1%) and hydrogenation efficiency(10.0 g·L~(-1)). This could be ascribed to the suitable Pd penetration depth and the larger pore size, which provides a balance between the distribution of Pd and accessibility of active sites by the reactants.     

An asymmetric anthraquinone-modified carbon/ruthenium oxide supercapacitor

An asymmetric supercapacitor with improved energy and power density, relative to a symmetric Ru oxide device, has been constructed with anthraquinone-modified carbon fabric (Spectracarb 2225) as the negative electrode and Ru oxide as the positive electrode. The performance of the supercapacitor was characterized by cyclic voltammetry and constant current discharging. Use of the anthraquinone-modified electrode extends the negative potential limit that can be used, relative to Ru oxide, and allows higher cell voltages to be used. The maximum energy density obtained was 26.7 Wh kg⁻¹ and an energy density of 12.7 Wh kg⁻¹ was obtained at a 0.8 A cm⁻² discharge rate and average power density of 17.3 kW kg⁻¹. The C-AQ/Ru oxide supercapacitor requires 64% less Ru relative to a symmetric Ru oxide supercapacitor.     

蒽醌衍生物的薄层色谱分离和鉴定

本文对蒽醌衍生物的薄层色谱分离和鉴定进行了研究.探讨了展开剂组成、展开方式、薄层厚度和点样量对分离的影响.最佳条件是薄层板厚0.75mm,以浓度为0.075mol/L的K_2HPO_4水溶液调制的硅胶G制备.以苯:四氯化碳:醋酸:乙酸乙酯(50:75:3.5:8.0)为展开溶剂,采用单向二次展开.组分的R_f值依次为0.50(Ⅰ)、0.23(Ⅱ)、0.17(Ⅲ)、0.11(Ⅳ)、0.05(Ⅴ)、0.00(Ⅵ).经鉴定,组分(Ⅰ)为1,2-二羟基蒽醌,(Ⅱ)为1-羟基蒽醌,(Ⅲ)为1,5-二羟基蒽醌,(Ⅳ)为2,6-二羟基蒽醌,(Ⅴ)为1,2,7-三羟基蒽醌,(Ⅵ)则为1,2,6-三羟基蒽醌.